Final!

Question 1

What is Java classified as?

Answer 1

A high-level language

Question 2

What is machine language composed of?

Answer 2

1’s and 0’s

Question 3

What is the job of a compiler?

Answer 3

To translate high-level language to machine language

Question 4

What does IDE stand for?

Answer 4

Integrated Development Environment

Question 5

What does an IDE include?

Answer 5

• An editor
• A compiler

Question 6

What is a variable?

Answer 6

A named location in the computer’s RAM

Question 7

What is assignment in programming?

Answer 7

The operation of putting a value in a variable

Question 8

What is the size of a byte?

Answer 8

8 bits

Question 9

What is a bit?

Answer 9

A single one or zero

Question 10

What does I/O stand for?

Answer 10

Input/Output

Question 11

What is an example of an output in Java?

Answer 11

System.out

Question 12

What is the purpose of the Scanner class?

Answer 12

To read input from various sources

Question 13

What type of statements are comments in programming?

Answer 13

Read only by the programmers

Question 14

What is the difference between an integer and a floating point?

Answer 14

Integer is a whole number, while floating point represents decimal numbers

Question 15

What are the two types of conversion in programming?

Answer 15

• Implicit conversion
• Explicit conversion (casting)

Question 16

What do arithmetic operations in programming involve?

Answer 16

• / % + -

Question 17

What is branching in control structures?

Answer 17

Using if statements, if/else statements, and switch statements

Question 18

What does a switch statement do?

Answer 18

Works only for exact matching and is good for menus (substitute for a bunch of if..else)

Question 19

What is a while loop?

Answer 19

A loop that includes initialization, condition & update

Question 20

What is the structure of a for loop?

Answer 20

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++){ }

Question 21

What are the six relational operators?

Answer 21

> , >=, <, <=, ==, !=

Question 22

What are the Boolean operators?

Answer 22

• && (and)
• || (or)
• ! (not)

Question 23

What are common uses of loops?

Answer 23

• Go-again loop
• Finding a sum loop
• Sentinel loop
• Searching for a value

Question 24

What are methods in programming?

Answer 24

Functions that perform operations

Question 25

What is the return type/value in methods?

Answer 25

Indicates what the method will return, e.g., void

Question 26

What are parameters in methods?

Answer 26

The things that provide a value to be analyzed

Question 27

What is the difference between call and definition?

Answer 27

Call is invoking a method; definition is creating it (public static void Main(){})

Question 28

How are characters represented in programming?

Answer 28

Single quotes for single characters

Question 29

What are char methods?

Answer 29

* Toupper * tolower * Ispunc * isalpha

Question 30

What is a string?

Answer 30

An ordered group of characters

Question 31

How are string values denoted?

Answer 31

Double quotes for values

Question 32

What are string variables considered in Java?

Answer 32

Objects

Question 33

What are some common string methods?

Answer 33

* charAt() * indexOf() * substring() * equals() * equalsIgnoreCase() * string concatenation (concat and +=)

Question 34

What is the syntax to declare an array?

Answer 34

Datatype[] arrayName = new Datatype[size]

Question 35

What are elements in an array?

Answer 35

The items stored in the array

Question 36

What are indices in an array?

Answer 36

The location of each item [0,0]

Question 37

What does a selection sort involve?

Answer 37

* Inner loop finds the location of smallest/largest item * Outer loop puts each item in its position

Question 38

How do you make a copy of an array?

Answer 38

By iterating through the elements and assigning them to a new array

Question 39

What does an object consist of?

Answer 39

Fields and methods

Question 40

What is a class in programming?

Answer 40

The datatype of an object

Question 41

What are reference variables?

Answer 41

stores memory/address of an object

Question 42

What is dynamic memory allocation?

Answer 42

assigning space during runtime (new)

Question 43

What are constructors?

Answer 43

Special methods that are called when an object is created

Question 44

What are the two types of constructors?

Answer 44

* Default constructor * Overloaded constructors

Question 45

What is FileInputStream used for?

Answer 45

To read data from a file

Question 46

What is the purpose of the try-catch block?

Answer 46

To handle exceptions

Question 47

What does FileOutputStream do?

Answer 47

To write data to a file

Question 48

What is the role of JFrame in GUI?

Answer 48

To create a window for the graphical user interface

Question 49

What are GridBagConstraints used for?

Answer 49

To control the layout of components in a GUI

Question 50

What does the JLabel component do?

Answer 50

Displays text in a GUI

Question 51

What is the function of ActionListener in GUI?

Answer 51

To handle action events from components like buttons

Question 52

What does inheritance in programming allow?

Answer 52

A child class to inherit attributes and methods from a parent class

Question 53

What is method overriding?

Answer 53

The ability of a subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method already defined in its superclass

Question 54

What is polymorphism?

Answer 54

Allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass

Question 55

What is UML?

Answer 55

Unified Modeling Language

Question 56

What does UML represent?

Answer 56

A blueprint of object-oriented programming

Question 57

How are classes represented in UML?

Answer 57

As a rectangle with three parts: Name, Attributes (fields), Methods

Question 58

Types of Control Structures

Answer 58

Branching (if...else, switch) Loops (While, for)

Question 59

What is a sentinel loop?

Answer 59

Prevents the program from running forever or for too long