Final

Question 1

What are the fruit aromas often associated with a Chardonnay, a Sauvignon Blanc, a Pinot Noir and a Cabernet Sauvignon?

Answer 1

Chardonnay:
Sauvignon Blanc:
Lemon, grapefruit, gooseberry, green bell pepper, fig, guava, and grassy notes
Pinot Noir:
Red cherry, raspberry, strawberry, plum, wet leaves, violets, earth and smoke
Cab. Sauvignon:
Blackberry Currant, black cherry, mint, bell pepper

Question 2

What grape grown in California is the same grape as the Primitivo from Italy

Answer 2

Zinfandel

Question 3

Know the percentage of a grape that must be in the bottle in the USA according to the information shown on the label.

Answer 3

75%

Question 4

What two major grapes is Oregon know for and why is the Willamette Valley like Burgundy?

Answer 4

• Two major grapes: Pinot Noir and pinot Gris
• The Willamette Valley is considered to be the Burgundy region of the US because it has some of the country’s best Chardonnay and Pinot Noir.

Question 5

What is Diurnal Shift and its effect on grapes?

Answer 5

They grow best in areas that have hot days and cool nights (Napa Valley) known as the Diurnal Shift

Question 6

What region in WA does the Rain Shadow Effect impact the most?

Answer 6

The central region, north of the Columbia River

Question 7

What effects does Oak Aging provide to White & Red wines?

Answer 7

Oak aging imparts various characteristics to both red and white wines, including flavor, texture, and color. It adds complexity, softens tannins, and allows for controlled oxidation, enhancing balance and aroma.

Question 8

Which Chateau was moved up to Premier Cru/First Growth status in 1973 from the 1855 Classification?

Answer 8

Château Mouton-Rothschild- Pauillac

Question 9

What are the two famous communes found in the Right Bank of Bordeaux?

Answer 9

St. Emilion and Pomerol

Question 10

What wine is the Chablis region of Burgundy known for producing?

Answer 10

Chardonnay

Question 11

What are the two major white grapes grown in the Loire Valley?

Answer 11

Chenin Blanc and Sauvignon blanc

Question 12

What are the two grapes grown in the Northern Rhone?

Answer 12

Syrah and Viogner

Question 13

What are the two grapes that Burgundy is known for?

Answer 13

Pinot and Chardonnay

Question 14

What grapes are used to make Champagne?

Answer 14

The three main grape varieties used to produce champagne are Chardonnay,Pinot Noir, and Pinot Meunier

Question 15

What grape is grown in the Beaujolais region of Burgundy?

Answer 15

Gamay

Question 16

Who is the “King” of Red wines in Piedmont, and in Veneto, and in Tuscany

Answer 16

Piedmont: Barolo / Nebbiolo
Veneto: Amarone della Valpolicella
Tuscany: Brunello di Montalcino

Question 17

What is the main grape used to make a Chianti Classico?

Answer 17

Sangiovese grape

Question 18

Know the three designations of quality used by the regulating council in Italy.

Answer 18

• IGT
• DOC
• DOCG

Question 19

IGT

Answer 19

Indicazione Geografica Tipica are wines made outside registered appellations or made with grapes not approved by the regulating council. Many of Italy’s best wines have an IGT designation

Question 20

DOC

Answer 20

Denomination of Controlled Origin. There are 329 DOC’S in Italy. This level is assigned to wines who meet all of the criteria demanded by the regulating council for making wine for that area/ microclimate

Question 21

DOCG

Answer 21

Denomination of Controlled origin Guaranteed. There are 74 DOCG’S in Italy. This level is assigned to wines who met the strictest regulations possible to make wine.

Question 22

Know how Italian wines are often labeled.

Answer 22

Italian wines are labeled after the region where they are made and can also show the varietal/grape on the label

Question 23

What is Italy’s most famous white wine DOC from the Veneto region?

Answer 23

Soave made from Garganega grape and produced in and around the city east of Verona

Question 24

Know what a Super Tuscan is, and the name of the first one made.

Answer 24

• Bolgheri is a central Italian village that became famous when chianti classico producers wanted to make wine with international grape varieties like Cab. Sauvignon and Merlot.
• Bolgheri was the beginning of the wines we know today as “Super Tuscans”.
• The first super tuscan wine was Sassicaia from Antinori family

Question 25

Know the difference between Distillation and Fermentation

Answer 25

- Fermentation : When fermentation takes place in the tank, yeasts begin the process of converting the sugar in the grapes into alcohol. There are two types of yeasts used in making wine: - Distillation: is the process of separating the component or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation

Question 26

What is Vodka, Rum and Tequila made from?

Answer 26

Vodka: - Can be made from grapes, potatoes, grains, corn, and other raw ingredients - Potatoe: turn starch into sugar using enzymes and molds Rum: - Rum is a product of sugarcane or molasses Tequila: - Agave

Question 27

What are Congeners and their effects on distilled spirits.

Answer 27

Congeners are byproducts of alcohol being fermented or distilled. Some research suggests they may have something to do with producing hangovers. - Light cogeners= beer, vodka, tequila - High cogeners= rum, bourbon, and wine

Question 28

What is the difference between a blended scotch and a single malt scotch.

Answer 28

Blended scotch: - Blended scotch softens the harsh characteristics of the individual malt whiskies - Blending is the result of mixing different whiskies together, both single malts and grain whiskies Blending can incorporate up to 50 individual whiskies, then they are aged in oak casks Single malt scotch: - Only malted barley can be used to produce single malt whiskey - Each single malt is the product of a single distillery with a style and flavor all its own - Spend a minimum of 5 yrs in oak casks

Question 29

What is a Column Still and a Pot Still and their main uses

Answer 29

A column still is made from stainless steel and comprises a tall column structure attached above the top of the boiling kettle designed to attain purer vapors

Question 30

Pot still

Answer 30

A pot still is also called an alembic still. It is typically made from copper. Copper is used traditionally because it is a good conductor of heat and it extracts sulfur from the distillate

Question 31

What is the main difference between Brandy and Cognac.

Answer 31

All cognac is brandy but not all brandy is cognac Cognac can only be produced in a specific region of France located north of Bordeaux Brandy can be produced in any country Distilled wine is brandy

Question 32

Know the importance of the By-The-Glass (BTG) section of the wine list

Answer 32

- Extremely important to get it right since BTG saales usually contribute between 60-70% of restaurants wine volume - Mainly because restaurants want to cover the entire cost of that bottle with the first glass sold. The typical pour is 5oz

Question 33

What type of beers are made with top-fermented yeasts.

Answer 33

Porters, Stouts, Amber & IPA’s

Question 34

What type of beers are made with bottom-fermented yeasts.

Answer 34

Pilsners, Lagers, & Bocks

Question 35

Name of the monks famous for making beer in Europe

Answer 35

Trappist Monks

Question 36

What is the most important ingredient in beer making.

Answer 36

Yeast

Question 37

What are HOPS and their effect on the final product

Answer 37

- The flowers of the hops plant that are used for flavoring - Flowers turned into pellets - Hops are the main driver of modern beer making - Hops reduce the bitterness in beer and increase the “head” - Stabilize the beer so we can taste all the different bitter and sweet notes of beer

Question 38

What type of fortified wine is made by adding alcohol during fermentation.

Answer 38

Port

Question 39

What type of fortified wine is made by adding alcohol after fermentation.

Answer 39

Sherry

Question 40

What are the two grapes used to make Sherry?

Answer 40

Palomino and Pedro Ximenez

Question 41

What is the driest and the sweetest styles of Sherry?

Answer 41

- Manzanilla: Very Dry - Fino: Dry - Amontillado: Dry to medium-dry - Oloroso: Medium- Dry - Cream: sweet - PX (Pedro Ximenez): Very sweet

Question 42

What are the grapes used to make Port?

Answer 42

Touriga Nacional Touriga franca Tinta roriz Tinta Barrica Tinta Cao

Question 43

What country is known for making Madeira wine?

Answer 43

Portuguese