Final Flashcards
(74 cards)
Motor behavior
Umbrella term for the fields of motor development, motor learning , and motor control
Motor development
The study of the products and underlying processes of motor behavior changes across the life span.
Motor learning
The study of the processes involved in acquisition of a motor skill and the factors that enhance or inhibit an individuals capability to perform a motor skill.
Motor control
The study of the neural, physical, and behavioral aspects of human movement.
Product
A measurable outcome
Process
Precedes product improvement, related to maturation
Growth
Measurable body changes
Maturation
Internal (physiological, sociological, psychological) processes that are more difficult to measure.
Qualitative
Focuses on understanding the characteristics and quality of human movement, rather than measuring it numerically.
Quantitative
Focuses on using numerical data and statistical analysis to study and understand human movement and performance.
Closed to open environment
A predictable and stable setting for a motor skill, where the performer has control over the initiation and timing of the movement.
Gross motor skills
The movements and coordination of large muscle groups, like those in the arms, legs and trunk
Fine motor skills
The precise and controlled movements of the small muscles in the hands, fingers, and sometimes wrist.
Proximodistal
A developmental guideline that describes how growth and motor skills develop from the center of the body outward of the extremities.
Generalized motor program (GMP)
A theoretical framework explaining how the brain controls and executes movement
Invariant features
The fundamental, unchanging aspects of a movement pattern, regardless of how the movement is executed.
Parameters
An adjustable scalar quantity such as velocity, acceleration, force, stiffness.
Identical elements theory
Theory that posits that transfer of learning between two tasks increases with the similarity between components of the tasks.
Affordances
What the environment offers the individual and what it provides or furnishes, either good or ill.
Attractors
Stable state, comfortable or being “used to doing something a certain way”.
Reaction time
The interval of time between the onset of a stimulus and the initiation of a motor response.
Psychological refractory period
A phenomenon that occurs when two tasks are completed simultaneously or in quick succession.
Stimulus-response compatibility
The degree to which a person’s perception of the world is compatible with the required action
Control parameters
Variables that cause a change in a stable state (attractor). More stable states are harder to change. Changes can be positive or negative.
