Final

Question 1

ethical principles

Answer 1

Beneficence/nonmaleficence; fidelity and responsibility; integrity; justice; respect people’s rights/dignity

Question 2

Ethical standards

Answer 2

Confidentiality; informed consent; dual relationships; competence; assessment (current); assessment (test security); managed care; technology; culture

Question 3

PhD/PsyD; group, family, vocational, life transitions, less severe pathology

Answer 3

Counseling psychologist

Question 4

MA, EdS, PhD; intellectual, achievement, testing, minor counseling; consult teachers, parents, administrator, kids

Answer 4

School psychologist

Question 5

MA-level, LPC, MFT; emphasis on counseling, non-specific therapy skills; limited training EBTx; may have specialization AODA/family/couples

Answer 5

Mental health counselor

Question 6

MA-2 year training + internship; emphasize social and family forces; independent therapy in hospitals/clinics; more active in daily life; case management

Answer 6

Clinical social work

Question 7

4 year residency, focus on medical treatments, MD-physician

Answer 7

psychiatrist

Question 8

MA/LNP-MA equivalent; prescription privileges; crisis/ED psych; limited individual/group therapy

Answer 8

psychiatric nurse

Question 9

research/therapy; emphasize skills; preparation for delivery of services; psychotherapy and treatment/practice; PsyD

Answer 9

vail/practitioner-scholar

Question 10

academia, treatment, research; strictly scientific based; research

Answer 10

clinical scientist

Question 11

heavy research; research + practice; research for clinical practice; preparation for clinical research

Answer 11

Boulder/scientist-practitioner

Question 12

empirical tradition

Answer 12

Wilhelm Wundt (birth of modern psychology); Lightner Witmer (introduced clinical psychology)

Question 13

psychometric tradition

Answer 13

measure individual differences in people’s physical and mental abilities; Gall (phenology); Galton (research on inheritance of differences); Cattle (mental tests for use by researchers); Binet (tests for developing children)

Question 14

clinical tradition

Answer 14

trephination, exorcisms; Hippocrates (humors); medical model (malfunctions of biological systems)

Question 15

WWI

Answer 15

assessments, group testing of adults, individual differences (personality tests); classification

Question 16

WWII and after

Answer 16

ideas spread, psychotherapy, PTSD, training models

Question 17

Iraq and Afghanistan

Answer 17

reinvestment in MH; emphasis on EBTs; suicide prevention

Question 18

multicultural orientation

Answer 18

how cultural dynamics influence therapeutic roles, competence, language; cultural humility; tripartite model of identity (universal, group, individual)

Question 19

how is assessment used throughout the practice/responsibilities of a clinical psychologist?

Answer 19

Referral question (shapes clinician’s choice of assessment instruments and interpretation of results); plan data collection procedures; collect assessment data; process data and form conclusions; communicate assessment results

Question 20

what are the goals of clinical assessment?

Answer 20

classification and diagnosis; description; planning and evaluating treatment; prediction

Question 21

different types/modalities of assessment

Answer 21

Observations, interviews, psychological tests and inventories, neurological tests

Question 22

different interview types

Answer 22

Nondirective (basically just letting the client talk/rant), semistructured (loosely guiding the interview), structured (specific questions)

Question 23

multi-modal and multi-informant assessment processes

Answer 23

Using a variety of methods to assess a client; gathering information from individuals who know the client

Question 24

Case conceptualization

Answer 24

developing a comprehensive understanding of the client’s psychological concerns; the seven P’s

Question 25

seven p's

Answer 25

Presentation (nature and severity of symptoms) Predisposition (biopsychosocial with causal focus) Precipitants (triggering onset of symptoms) Pattern (style, coping, actions, and thinking impacting functioning) Protective factors and strengths (impacting resilience) Perpetuants (reinforcements, what maintains patterns? unhealthy coping)

Question 26

what impacts selection of assessment instruments

Answer 26

Reliability (consistency), validity (measures what is it supposed to); clinicians' experience; standardization; bandwidth fidelity (more specific, less generally applicable); cultural factors, context

Question 27

evidence based approaches

Answer 27

Evidence-based treatments; clinical treatments; patient characteristics, culture, values, and preferences

Question 28

universal processes

Answer 28

connect with client to understand and confront problems; facilitate change in beliefs, attitudes, behavior; encourage use of new and more adaptive behavior

Question 29

therapeutic effectiveness

Answer 29

client characteristics, therapist characteristics, problem characteristics

Question 30

efficacy vs effectiveness

Answer 30

efficacy: highly controlled trials, internal validity effectiveness: real world application, less controlled, high external validity

Question 31

common domains of therapy strategies/interventions

Answer 31

Psychodynamic (unconscious conflicts), humanistic (client-therapist relationship), behavioral (learning theory), cognitive (cognitive skills), social systems

Question 32

what makes change difficult

Answer 32

client factors, therapist, environmental, problem

Question 33

stages of change

Answer 33

Precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance