Final

Question 1

Which of the following blood supplies to the rectum is CORRECT?

superior rectal artery off the inferior mesenteric artery.

middle rectal artery off the internal iliac artery.

inferior rectal artery off the external pudendal artery.

A and B.

A, B and C

Answer 1

A, B and C

Question 2

The perineum…

is the division between the true and false pelves.

is called the broad ligament in females.

includes the external genitalia but not the anus.

is subdivided into two areas by the superficial transverse perineal muscles.

Answer 2

Is subdivided into two areas by the superficial transverse perineal muscles.

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the trigone of the bladder?

it contains the opening of the urethra.

it is located on the posterior surface of the bladder.

it contains the opening for the ureter.

it is made of connective tissue.

it does not expand or contract.

Answer 3

It is located on the posterior surface of the bladder

Question 4

Which of the following is the action of the quadratus lumborum muscle?

fixes 12th rib during inspiration

flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint

when sitting it acts inferiorly w/ iliacus m. to flex trunk

acts with psoas major to flex thigh

Answer 4

fixes 12th rib during inspiration

Question 5

Which of the following paired erectile tissues make up the crura of the penis and clitoris?

corpus spongiosum

corpus cavernosum

ischiospongiosum

ischiocavernosus

bulbospongiosum

Answer 5

Corpus cavernosum

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a nerve of the sacral plexus?

sciatic n.

lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh

posterior cutaneal nerve of the thigh

pudendal n.

Answer 6

Lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a boundary or landmark of the perineum?

pubic symphysis

sacrotuberous ligament

ischial tuberosity

gluteus medius m.

Answer 7

gluteus medius m.

Question 8

Which of the following is TRUE of the ovarian artery?

it is a branch off the abdominal aorta.

it runs within the ovarian ligament.

it supplies the uterus and fallopian tube.

it runs within the inguinal canal.

Answer 8

It is a branch off the abdominal aorta

Question 9

Place the following structures in the order in which urine would normally pass through them.

renal pelvis, renal sinus, major calyx, but never minor calyx

minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis but never renal sinus

renal pelvis, minor calyx, renal sinus, but never major calyx

renal sinus, minor calyx, major calyx but never renal pelvis

major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis but never renal sinus

Answer 9

minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, but never renal sinus

Question 10

The perineum

is the division between the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

is called the broad ligament in females.

includes the external genitalia and anus.

is subdivided into two areas by the deep transverse perineal muscles.

Answer 10

includes the external genitalia and anus

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement?

the pelvic diaphragm is comprised solely of the levator ani muscle group

the levator ani mm. include puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and ischiococcygeus m.

the pelvic diaphragm is also called the urogenital diaphragm.

the deep transverse perineal m. makes up the majority of the urogenital diaphragm.

Answer 11

The deep transverse perineal m. make up the majority of the urogenital triangle

Question 12

Which of the following is correct?

the ovary is wrapped in the broad ligament

the glans clitoris is formed from the corpora cavernosa

the prostatic urethra is the longest segment of the male penis

the ejaculatory duct empties into the membranous urethra

Answer 12

The ovary is wrapped in broad ligament

Question 13

Sperm in the pelvis that are not ejaculated are reabsorbed by the

seminal vesicles.

spongy urethra.

prostate.

ductus (vas) deferens.

Answer 13

ductus (vas) deferens

Question 14

The renal veins are branches off the

abdominal aorta.

superior vena cava.

inferior vena cava.

thoracic aorta.

Answer 14

inferior vena cava

Question 15

Which of the following structures is connected directly to the renal pyramid?

renal columns

major calyx

minor calyx

renal sinus

Answer 15

minor calyx

Question 16

The medial arcuate ligament of the diaphragm arches over what structure?

descending aorta

psoas major m.

quadratus lumborum m.

inferior vena cava

Answer 16

psoas major m.

Question 17

Which of the following is CORRECT?

the left ovarian vein drains into the inferior vena cava

the left medial inferior phrenic vein drains into the inferior vena cava

right suprarenal vein drains into the superior vena cava

the ovarian artery runs in the inguinal canal

Answer 17

The left medial inferior phrenic vein drains into the inferior vena cava

Question 18

The vagina…

is the female gonad.

is the outlet for menstrual flow.

is posterior to the rectum.

is where the fertilized egg implants.

is anterior to the urethra.

Answer 18

is the outlet for menstrual flow

Question 19

The tunica albuginea

covers the testis.

covers the ovary.

covers the shaft of the penis.

A and B

A, B and C

Answer 19

A, B and C

Question 20

Tearing the pelvic diaphragm, as in during childbirth, may lead to the paralysis of which muscle?

piriformis

sphincter urethrae

obturator internus

levator ani

Answer 20

levator ani

Question 21

Which of the following is covered by the ischiocavernosus muscle?

bulb of the clitoris

crura of the clitoris

glans of clitoris

prepuce of clitoris

Answer 21

crura of the clitoris

Question 22

Which of the following is a branch off the posterior division of the Internal Iliac a?

inferior vesical a.

obturator a.

superior gluteal a.

inferior pudendal a.

Answer 22

superior gluteal a.

Question 23

The suspensory ligament of the duodenum (Ligament of Treitz) is part of which structure of the diaphragm?

lateral arcuate ligament

medial arcuate ligament

right crus of median arcuate ligament

left crus of median arcuate ligament

Answer 23

right crus of median arcuate ligament

Question 24

The marginal colic a. is the anastomosis between

the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric aa.

the superior and inferior mesenteric aa.

the midgut and hindgut.

A and C

B and C

Answer 24

B and C

Question 25

Which structure does NOT pass through the greater sciatic foramen? pudendal nerve lateral femoral cutaneous nerve inferior gluteal artery piriformis muscle

Answer 25

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 26

The renal pelvis is formed by the union of the minor calyces. channels urine toward the renal pyramids. is located in the hilum and is filled with fat. drains into the ureter

Answer 26

Drains into the ureter

Question 27

Which of the following is found in males but not in females? prostatic urethra membranous urethra spongy urethra a and b a and c

Answer 27

A and C

Question 28

Renal nerves mostly arise from the vagus nerve. pass through the renal pelvis. are part of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system. are mostly vasomotor nerves and part of the sympathetic nervous system.

Answer 28

Are mostly vasomotor nerves and part of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 29

Which of the following structures does NOT cross the pelvic brim? vas (ductus) deferens ureter ovarian ligament lumbosacral trunk

Answer 29

Ovarian ligament

Question 30

Which structure does NOT pass through the greater sciatic foramen? pudendal nerve lateral femoral cutaneous nerve inferior gluteal artery piriformis muscle

Answer 30

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

Question 31

Which of the following statements correctly compares the female and male pelves? the ischial tuberosities are closer together in the female than in the male the false pelvis is shallower in the female than in the male the sacrum is narrower in the female than in the male the coxal bones are closer together in the female than in the male

Answer 31

The false pelvis is shallower in the female than male

Question 32

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the uterus? it is found anterior to the rectum it is connected to the vagina by the cervix it is found anterior to the bladder is supported by the uterosacral and round ligaments

Answer 32

It is found anterior to the bladder

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a boundary or landmark of the perineum? pubic symphysis sacrospinous ligament ischial tuberosity gluteus maximus m.

Answer 33

sacrospinous ligament

Question 34

Which of the following arteries is normally only seen in men? superior vesicular a. inferior vesicular a. lateral sacral a. umbilical a.

Answer 34

inferior vesicular a.

Question 35

Because the male urethra is used for both urination and ejaculation males are more likely to get a urinary tract infection than women. the ejaculatory duct empties into the prostatic urethra. the bulbourethral gland secretes fluids to get rid of any semen remaining in the tract. the urethra is shorter in males than in females.

Answer 35

the ejaculatory duct empties into the prostatic urethra

Question 36

The anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1, L2, and L3 are the innervation of which muscle? quadratus lumborum m. psoas major m. iliacus m. diaphragm m.

Answer 36

psoas major m.

Question 37

Which of the following structures crosses the pelvic brim? deep dorsal vein of the penis uterine tube ovarian ligament lumbosacral trunk

Answer 37

lumbosacral trunk

Question 38

Which of the following is a branch off the anterior division of the Internal Iliac a? superior gluteal artery. lateral sacral artery. iliolumbar artery. inferior gluteal artery.

Answer 38

inferior gluteal artery

Question 39

The renal sinus is formed by the union of the major calyces. channels urine from the renal pyramids. is located internal to the hilum and is filled with fat and vessels. drains into the ureter.

Answer 39

Is located internal to the hilum and is filled with fat and vessels

Question 40

The esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm is located at which vertebral level? T8-9 T10 T12 L5

Answer 40

T-10

Question 41

Which of the following is a muscular branch off the anterior division of the Internal Iliac artery? inferior vesicular a. obturator a. superior gluteal a. lateral sacral a.

Answer 41

obturator a.

Question 42

# Choose the order in which sperm would encounter secretions from the following glands: prostate, bulbourethral, seminal vesicle bulbourethral, prostate, seminal vesicle bulbourethral, seminal vesicle, prostate seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral

Answer 42

seminal vesicle, prostate, bulbourethral

Question 43

The marginal colic a. is the anastomosis between the celiac trunk and superior mesenteric aa. the superior and inferior mesenteric aa. the midgut and hindgut. A and C B and C

Answer 43

B and C

Question 44

What structure passes through the obturator foramen? obturator internus muscle obturator externus muscle obturator nerve a, b and c

Answer 44

obturator nerve

Question 45

Urine drains into the posterior portion of the bladder through the ureter urethra renal pelvis pyramids

Answer 45

ureter

Question 46

Place the following structures in the order in which urine would normally pass through them. renal pelvis, major calyx, renal pyramid, minor calyx renal pyramid, major calyx, minor calyx, renal pelvis renal pelvis, minor calyx, renal pyramid, renal sinus, renal pyramid, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis

Answer 46

renal pyramid, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis

Question 47

The deep artery of the penis is a branch off of the dorsal artery of the penis. internal pudendal a. internal iliac a. inferior rectal a.

Answer 47

internal pudenal

Question 48

Which of the following statements is TRUE? seminal vesicles lie on the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder the bulbourethral glands are superior to the prostate gland the prostate gland surrounds the membranous urethra the prostate gland decreases with age

Answer 48

the seminal vesicles lie on the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder

Question 49

Which of the following is INCORRECT? the ovary is wrapped in the broad ligament the glans clitoris is formed from the corporus spongiosum the membranous urethra is between the bladder and prostate gland the ejaculatory duct empties into the prostatic urethra

Answer 49

The membranous urethra is formed between the bladder and prostate gland

Question 50

Which of the following is a TRUE statement? the reproductive organs are in the false pelvis the bladder is able to stretch more than ten times its size the kidneys are encased in layers of fat and fascia to hold them in place the prostate is part of the urinary system

Answer 50

The kidneys are encased in layers of fat and fascia to hold them in place

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a nerve of the sacral plexus? sciatic n. lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh posterior cutaneal nerve of the thigh pudendal n.

Answer 51

lateral cutaneal nerve of the thigh

Question 52

Which of the following structures is connected directly to the renal pyramid? renal columns major calyx minor calyx renal sinus

Answer 52

minor calyx

Question 53

Which of the following is the muscle found on the crus of the penis and clitoris? corpus spongiosum corpora cavernosa ischiospongiosum ischiocavernosum bulbospongiosum

Answer 53

ischiocavernosum

Question 54

Which of the following is the innermost white covering of the testis and ovary? corpus albicans. corpus vaginalis.. tunica albuginea. tunica vaginalis.

Answer 54

tunica albuginea

Question 55

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the uterine tubes? they have multiple fimbriae at their distal ends. they are within the mesovarium of the broad ligament. they transport sperm, unfertilized oocytes and zygotes (fertilized ova). they project through the broad ligament into the abdominal cavity.

Answer 55

They are within the mesovarium of the broad ligament

Question 56

Which of the following is FALSE of the internal pudendal a. and pudendal n.? they exit the pelvis through the greater sciatic notch they enter the perineum through the lesser sciatic notch they supply the urogential triangle but not the anal triangle they travel within the pundendal (Alcock’s) canal

Answer 56

They supply the urogenital triangle but not the anal triangle

Question 57

Which of the following ligaments connects the ovary to the uterine wall? suspensory ligament of the ovary ovarian ligament mesovarian ligament round ligament of the uterus

Answer 57

ovarian ligament

Question 58

The uterus is all of the following EXCEPT lies between the bladder and the rectum. has a cervix that opens directly into the vagina. is usually superior to the vaginal canal. is supported by the ovarian ligaments

Answer 58

Is supported by the ovarian ligaments

Question 59

Which of the following is TRUE of the diaphragm muscle? it is the dividing landmark between the abdominal and pelvic cavities it is an involuntary skeletal muscle it is dome-shaped with a central tendon and no bony origin its contraction causes passive exhalation

Answer 59

It is dome-shaped with a central tendon and no bony origin

Question 60

Which of the following structures does NOT cross the pelvic brim? internal iliac a. lumbosacral trunk suspensory ligament of the ovary testicular a.

Answer 60

testicular a.

Question 61

The urinary system is comprised of two kidneys, two urethrae, two ureters, two bladders two kidneys, two ureters, one urethra, one bladder one kidney, one urethra, one ureter, one bladder one kidney, one ureter, two urethrae, two bladders

Answer 61

two kidneys, two ureters, one urethra, one bladder

Question 62

The penis consists of a single ventral corpus spongiosum and two dorsal corpora cavernosa. has a proximal swelling within the abdominal wall called the glans penis. has a urethra running through the corpus cavernosum. has a distal swelling called the bulb of the penis.

Answer 62

Consists of a single ventral corpus spongiosum and two dorsal corposa cavernosa

Question 63

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the trigone of the bladder? it n contains the opening of the urethra. it contains the opening for the ureter. it is elastic and highly expandable. it is located on the inferior surface of the bladder.

Answer 63

it is elastic and highly expandable

Question 64

Which of the following is CORRECT? the anal canal seals through the interlocking of the anal columns and sinuses. an artery is found in each of the anal columns. rectal valves are plicae circulares. the recum has a longitudinal, circular and transverse layer of smooth muscle.

Answer 64

the anal canal seals through the interlocking of the anal columns and sinuses

Question 65

Which of the following is TRUE of the ovarian artery? the right ovarian artery is a branch off the internal iliac a. it runs within the suspensory ligament of the ovary. the left ovarian artery is a branch off the left renal artery. A and B. A, B and C.

Answer 65

It runs within the suspensory ligament of the ovary

Question 66

Which of the following blood supplies to the rectum is CORRECT? superior rectal artery off the internal pudendal a. middle rectal artery off the internal pudendal a. inferior rectal artery off the internal pudendal a. internal pudendal artery off the common iliac a.

Answer 66

inferior rectal artery off the internal pudenal a.

Question 67

Which of the following structures does NOT cross the pelvic brim? vas (ductus) deferens ureter ovarian ligament lumbosacral trunk

Answer 67

ovarian ligament

Question 68

The inferior portion of the uterus that is covered by the superior portion of the vagina is the fornix. cervix. vulva. hymen

Answer 68

cervix

Question 69

Which of the following is FALSE concerning the broad ligament? the fundus of the uterus is covered by the mesometrium the uterine tubes are covered by the mesosalpinx it covers the ovarian a. & v. to form the ovarian ligament the broad ligament is a thickened portion of the periotenum.

Answer 69

it covers the ovarian a. & v. to form the ovarian ligament

Question 70

The dorsal artery of the penis is a branch off of the deep artery of the penis. internal pudendal artery. internal iliac artery. inferior rectal artery

Answer 70

internal pudenal artery

Question 71

Which of the following is TRUE of the internal pudendal a. and pudendal n.? they supply the anus and genitals in males and females they enter the pelvis through the greater sciatic notch they exit the perineum through the lesser sciatic notch they originate off arteries and nerves in the abdomen and travel to the perineum.

Answer 71

they supply the anus and genitals in males and females

Question 72

The anterior rami of lumbar nerves T12-L4 are the innervation of which muscle? quadratus lumborum m. psoas major m. iliacus m. diaphragm m.

Answer 72

quadratus lumborum m.

Question 73

Which of the following statements is FALSE of the kidneys? they are wrapped within the peritoneum they are partially protected by the floating ribs the right kidney is lower than the left kidney they have a medial hilum where the vessels, nerves and ureters enter.

Answer 73

They are wrapped within the peritoneum

Question 74

Which of the following is the action of the psoas major muscle? when sitting it acts inferiorly w/ iliacus m. to flex trunk flexes thigh and stabilizes hip joint acts with psoas minor to flex thigh A and B A, B and C

Answer 74

A, B and C

Question 75

The muscle that makes up the walls of the bladder is the dartos muscle. urogenital diaphragm. detrusor muscle levator ani muscles

Answer 75

detrusor muscle

Question 76

Which of the following is NOT a muscle of the levator ani group? pubococcygeus m. ischiococcygeus m. iliococcygeus m. puborectalis m.

Answer 76

ischiococcygeus m.

Question 77

Which of the following structure(s) is/are found within the true pelvis? obturator internus muscle obturator externus muscle obturator nerve A and C B and C

Answer 77

A and C

Question 78

The structure conveying the fertilized (or unfertilized) egg to the uterine cavity is the cervix. uterine tube. vagina. round ligament of uterus.

Answer 78

uterine tube

Question 79

Which answer puts the following structures in order from the testis out through the penis? epididymis, ejaculatory duct, ureter, ductus deferens, but never the urethra ejaculatory duct, ductus deferens, epididymis, urethra, but never the ureter epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra, but never the ureter epididymis, ureter, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, but never the urethra ejaculatory duct, epididymis, ductus deferens, ureter, but never urethra

Answer 79

epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculator duct, urethra, but never ureter

Question 80

The urinary bladder is smaller in males than in females. in females is posterior to the vagina and superior to the uterus. has an internal sphincter composed of smooth muscle. has an external sphincter that is involuntary.

Answer 80

has an internal sphincter composed of smooth muscle

Question 81

The caval hiatus of the diaphragm is located at vertebral level T8-9. is completely within the central tendon. transmits the SVC to the thorax. A and B. A, B and C.

Answer 81

A and B

Question 82

Which of the following is a TRUE statement? part of the fallopian tube is in the false pelvis the bladder is also a reproductive organ in males the kidneys are encased within the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall to hold them in place the prostate is part of the urinary system

Answer 82

Part of the fallopian tube is in the false pelvis

Question 83

Which of the following statements is FALSE? seminal vesicles lie on the posterior aspect of the urinary bladder the bulbourethral glands are inferior to the prostate gland the ejaculatory duct is formed by the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral gland the prostate gland increases in size with age

Answer 83

the ejaculatory fuct is formed by the ductus deferens and the bulbourethral gland

Question 84

Instead of an inferior vesicular artery, women have a __________. superior vesicular a. vaginal a. uterine a. umbilical a.

Answer 84

uterine a.

Question 85

Which structure passes through the lesser sciatic foramen? pudendal nerve posterior femoral cutaneous nerve inferior gluteal artery piriformis muscle

Answer 85

pudenal nerve

Question 86

Which of the following is NOT a visceral branch off of the Internal Iliac artery? inferior vesicular a. obturator a. umbilical a. internal pudendal a.

Answer 86

obturator a.

Question 87

The vagina opens directly into the vestibule. forms the cervix of the uterus. is a muscular tube posterior to the rectum. is often blocked by a hymen at its superior end.

Answer 87

opens directly into the vestibule

Question 88

The dorsal nerve of the penis runs with the dorsal vein of the penis. dorsal artery of the penis. deep artery of the penis. spongy urethra.

Answer 88

dorsal artery of the penis