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History Final > Final #3 > Flashcards

Final #3 Flashcards

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1
Q

When did the Industrial Revolution happen?

A

At the same time as all of the Enlightenment Revolutions.

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2
Q

How did the Industrial Revolution get its name?

A

B/c of its name given to the global development and rise of industrial technology and the transition from wide-spread agricultrue to manufacturing c. 1750-1850 CE

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3
Q

Where did people move during the industrial revolution?

A

From the country to the city

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4
Q

Prior to the Industrial Revolution roughly ___% of people were involved in farming in some way. Today in America, it is around ___%.

A

80; 1

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5
Q

What was a crucial invention of the Industrial Revolution?

A

Steam Engine

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6
Q

What did Steam Engines originally run on?

A

Coal

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7
Q

What was the steam engine orginally used for?

A

To pump water out of the mines

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8
Q

What elements did the Steam Engines use?

A

Water, gears, and wheels

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9
Q

What launches the larger revolution?

A

The comination of the mills, the water, iron, coal, and child labor.

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10
Q

What lead to the one of the greatest industrial projects in American History, The Erie Canal?

A

the intersection of water, transportation, and Industry

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11
Q

What was one essential form of communication?

A

The Telegraph

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12
Q

List some inventions that come from the Industrial Revolution?

A

The Flying Shuttle, spinning Jenny, and Factories

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13
Q

Did the Industrial Revolution make slavery better or worse?

A

Worse

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14
Q

What is imperialism?

A

Spreading your country’s influence and control through diplomacy, trade, or military force.

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15
Q

What is colonialism?

A

The policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country or territory, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.

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16
Q

________ often involves ________ and is often fueled by _________ all of which expanded with the Industrial Revolution.

A

Imperialism; Colonialism; Nationalism

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17
Q

Imperialism is associated with _______ and had been a factor since ancient ___________, but with the Industrial Revolution came exapanded _________, __________, and ________ along with a need for more materials

A

Empire; Mesopotamia; weapons; transportations; communications

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18
Q

What is otherixing?

A

When you think of people as something “other” than you

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19
Q

When did linguists develop the Ind-European theory?

A

1800CE

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20
Q

What is Indo-European?

A

That there was some proto-language from which many later languages developed including Greek, Hindi, Persian, etc.

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21
Q

What are Caucasians?

A

Orginally a people from in and around the Caucasus Mountain range - i.e. Persia

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22
Q

In an early theory, who did the Aryan people conquer and implement?

A

They conquered the Dravidians and then implemented everything good that ever came out of Inidia, including Sanskirt, Hinduism, chess, science, and math

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23
Q

Was Aryan a title or a people?

A

A title

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24
Q

Rome represented the…

A

Pinnacle of Empire

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25
Greece represented the...
Pinnacle of Culture and the greatest conquerer of all time
26
Greece and Rome were the models for...
The Imperialist Nation-State and begin to turn up in numerous aspects of soiety
27
Where did the fascination with the classical world come from?
The Indo-European ideology that Greece and the Greeks were the foundation of Western civilization. Also, it was the product of a common activity among the young wealthy elites called the Grand Tour (late 17th cnetury to c. 1840_
28
Archaeology as a subset of ____________ is ...
Athropology; usually focused on a study of human activity in the past and in particular their creation and use of material culture and the recovery of that material.​
29
In _______, Europeans controlled roguhly ___% of Africa.
1881; 10
30
By the start of ______ in _____, the Europeans would control ____% of Africa.
WWI; 1914; 90
31
Why is everyone so interested in Africa?
It has been rich in resources, metals, minerals, plants, animals, and slaves
32
Why is it challeneging to conquer Africa?
It has a wide variety of regions, climates, complications, difficlut to access, and the locals fight back
33
What were the pull factor to Africa?
God, diamonds, blood diamonds, natural reources (lumber cacao), ivory
34
What was the Macxim Gun?
The world's first machine gun
35
How did the name Scramble for Africa come to be?
It was given to the division and rapid colonization of Africa by Western European Nations
36
What was the Suex Canal?
In 1869, it was originally built by the French Suez Canal Company in conjunction with the Egyptian government linked the Mediterranean with the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean.
37
What was the significance of the Suex Canal?
It eliminated the need to go around Africa and gave easy access to all the coastal areas of the continent from any direction.
38
Who got control of the Suex Canal in 1882?
The British
39
What was the Berlin Conference of 1884?
Germna Chancellor Otto von Bismarck hosted a meeting where they literally sat around a table and carved up Africa for colonization.
40
The only African territroes to survive the Scramble for Afric were...
Ethiopia, fought off Italy, and Liberia, fought off America
41
There were 7 tribes between:
Gambua, Portuguese Guinea, and French West Africa
42
What is isolationism?
The practice of isolation your country from the rest of the world, diplomatically, economically, and physically. - Avoid foreign entanglements - Avoid foreign influences - Controlling your population and what they are exposed to avoid problems
43
Who did most European powers have significant trade deficits with?
China
44
Did China have an industrial revolution to help with population growth yet? Why is this important?
No; it increased poverty, lead to rebellion and leave China open to Western Imperialism
45
What did the European trade with China for?
Silk, porcelain, and tea
46
Where did China limit all foreign trade to?
Canton (Guangzhou)
47
Why did Britain decide to start selling Opium?
To make some money
48
Where did Opium come from?
India
49
When was the merchant monopoly in Canton eliminated?
1833
50
Where did the British take refuge in after they were booted from Canton?
Hong Kong
51
What was one of the deciding factors in the first Opium War?
A series of British steamships sent to China in battle
52
When was the First Opium War?
1839-1842
53
Why did the second Opium War break out?
Opium was still illegal
54
When was the second Opium War?
1856-1860
55
What was Japan's society like in the 1500s
A feudal society
56
What did Japan's feudal society feature?
A number of social classes
57
What was one signifcant group in Japanese society?
The Samuraii
58
When did the Catholic Church send many missionaries to Japan in order to convert them to Catholicism?
After the Reformation and the Thirty Years War.
59
Who was the first foreign smaurai?
Yasuke
60
Numerous European traders were active in the region each attempting to trade with...
various Japanese warlords and get advantages
61
What was the result of the Japanese striving for stability?
The result was a unification of the warlords (shogun) and the founding of a ruling period beginning with Tokugawa Leyasu.
62
What another name from the Tokugawa period? When did it last until?
Edo Period; (1603-1868)
63
Why is the Edo or Tokugawa period largely remebered?
For the Shougun and Samurai
64
Did the Emperor have much power in Japan?
No
65
Who was the true leadern of Japan?
The Shogun aided by the Daimyos, supported by the Samurai
66
___% of the population were rice farmers
80
67
Was Japan Isolationist?
Yes
68
When was the Sakoku Edict Issued?
1635
69
What did the Sakoku say?
1). No comes in or goes out 2). No Catholicism 3). Trade is limited to specific goods and the Portuguese were prohibited entirely
70
When did stability in Japan last until?
1854
71
Who did the Americans send to get a foothold in Asia, for coaling stations for their steam engine warships?
Commodore Matthew Perry
72
When did Commodore Perry are in Edo Bay and surround the city of Uraga?
1853
73
What were the consequences of opening Japan?
The return of Emerpor Meiji as the primary power in Japan in 1868
74
What did the Meiji Restoration result in?
The modernization of Japan, industrialization, and weapins
75
When did the Samurai end?
In 1877 at the battle of Shiroyama where they were not use for machine guns
76
What does collaboration refer to in Imperialism and Colonialism?
Local leaders and others who cooperated with the imperialists/coloinizers and help them in exchange fot some benefit
77
Who was working for the Mughal Empire, the French East India Company, and the British East India Comany?
Indian group called the Sepoys
78
Where did the Portuguese set up shop in 1510? What did they establish?
Along the Coast Sri Lanka; they established a trading colony in Gao
79
When did the British East India Company arrive in Surat?
1608
80
What is the essence of colonialism?
Exploitation
81
What resources did India have that British want?
Iron, coal, cotton, diamonds, opium, and people
82
What diamond did the British East India Company take back to England?
Kah-i-Noor Diamond
83
What is plutocracy?
An elite ruling class that derives its power from wealth, as well as society governed by the wealthy
84
What is Jingoism?
It is extreme patriotism, especially in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy
85
Why are the Philippines often the target of outsiders?
B/c of their strategic locations and often surprising amount of resources
86
Who were the Philippines influenced, ruled, and traded with...
Numerous groups from China, India, and Japan, Malaysia, and have been Buddhist, Hindu, and Muslim long before the Europeans showed up
87
Who took control of the Philippines after the Spanish American War?
America
88
What is Yellow Journalism?
Fake News
89
What always plays a role in imperialism?
Religion
90
Just as the Ottomans expansion brought Islam, the Europeans' expansion brought....
Christianity
91
By 1683, the Ottomans cotrolled?
Most of Arabia, the Middle East, the Balkans (including Greece), North Africa, and parts of Europe
92
Who coined the phrase Orientalism?
Edward Sid
93
When did the Europeans and and Americans buy art, artifacts, and travel to see the sights of the exotic east?
Late 1800s-early 1900s
94
How did the decline of the Ottomans begin?
In 1683, they were attacked while trying to attack Vienna by Austria and other Eastern European forces and the Holy Roman Empire, including the Winged Hussars
95
Who did the Ottomans team up with against the attack from Austria.
Transylvania
96
When did Greece declare independence?
1821
97
When did the Ottoman lose the Crimea war to the Russians?
In the 1850s
98
When did the Ottomans lose Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, and Romania to idependence?
1877-1878
99
When did Austra-Hungary declare independence?
In 1908
100
What started WWI?
The angering of Serbia by Austria-Hungary through annexing Bosnia

History Final (5 decks)

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