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18th-19th Century Art History > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

(56 cards)

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1
Q

Rococo

A

Patrons were the monarchy, aristocrats, or the church
Style of Interior design
Many reflections from all the details
Profusely decorated walls
Arabesques, S-shapes, Cupids, clouds,
Themes of sensuality, luxury,
Fete Galante - Garden parties
Lack of Clarity, Spiraling movement, dynamic
Pastel colors, playful, curves, gold, witty, superficial, immoral, erotic, flowing brushstrokes, drama, theatrical, motherhood, women = godesses

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2
Q

Reactions to Rococo

A

Believed Rococo was immoral
art should inspire virtue and purify manners
Historical paintings
Ordinary people being ordinary
English believed French were immoral so they became super moral

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3
Q

Neoclassicism

A

Classical and Renaissance past in Italy
inspired patriotism, dignity, honor
Compositions are symmetrical, lack depth,
simplicity, frozen forms, control, reserved emotion, cool colors, clarity, accuracy
“noble simplicity and calm grandeur”
Celebrates universal and high-minded
Enlightenment values including socials change, natural beauty, science

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4
Q

Romanticism

A

Life isn’t rosy like Rococo, nor rational like Neoclassical
Celebrates the individual and the subjects
Themes similar to those of novellas, stories, and poems
fantasy, remote time or place, fear of the unknown, supernatural, dramatic, imaginary, exotic, and irrational subjects, Sublime, Heroes, and subconscious, and nostalgia, uncontrollable nature, death
Current event, loose brushwork, off-balance composition, dramatic lighting, emotional, passionate, imaginative, mysterious, satanic, uncontrollable nature,

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5
Q

Realism

A

“representation of object which the artist can see and touch”
“abstract object, invisible and nonexistent, does not belong to painting”
World plagued by violence, social unrest, overcrowding, and poverty
Dull, dark colors, awkward poses, stilted compositions, realistic, gloomy, degrading, working class, political agenda, ugly truth, earth tones,
Objective, no emotion, no imaginary beings

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6
Q

Impressionism

A 
Instantaneity
Element of light, Moment in painting
Upper middle class at leisure
Fast, open brushstrokes
Unfinished look, flat works, asymmetrical, landscapes, prismatic color
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7
Q

Copley
rococo?
USA

A

WATSON AND THE SHARK
Painted portraits
Contemporary history
Trying to show they are intelligent and interesting

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8
Q

Watteau
Rococo
France

A 
EMBARKATION FOR CYTHERA
Fluent brushstrokes, Rich colors
Painted for aristocrats
Themes of love, not always real humans, 
Fete Galante - Elegant Garden Party
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9
Q

Boucher
Rococo
France

A

GIRL RECLINING
Painted for the king
Themes of mythology, portraits, scenes of daily life, erotic works

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10
Q

Fragonard
Rococo
France

A

THE SWING

Themes of Sensuality, sense of humor

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11
Q

Clodion
Rococo
France

A

INVENTION OF THE BALLOON
Erotic table-top sculpture
unpainted terra-cotta

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12
Q

Carriera
Rococo
Italy

A

Portraits for wealthy

Used mainly pastels

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13
Q

Canaletto
Rococo
Italy

A

Painted city views of Venice (postcard)

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14
Q

Benjamin West
Neoclassic
England

A

DEATH OF GENERAL WOLFE

History paintings > contemporary history

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14
Q

Mengs
Neoclassic
France

A

Pernassus
Themes: Classical mythology,
Compositions are symmetrical, pyramidal, lacking depth

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15
Q

Canova
Neoclassical
Italy

A

Grand public monuments for Europe’s leaders / Erotic mythological subjects Sculpture

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16
Q

Hogarth
Neoclassical
English

A

Trained as a portrait painter
Believed art should educate morals
Made his own novels out of paintings (4-6)

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17
Q

Reynolds
Neoclassical
English

A

LADY SARAH BUNBURY SACRIFICING TO THE GRACES

Grand Manner - portraits set in historical or mythological times

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18
Q

Gainsborough
Rococo
English

A

combined portraits and landscapes

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19
Q

Angelica Kauffmann
Neoclassic
England

A

CORNILIA POINTING TO HER CHILDREN AS HER TREASURES
History paintings, Classical subjects
Neoclassical theme - Good mother
art should teach morals

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20
Q

Fuseli
Romantic
English

A

THE NIGHTMARE
History painter, but specialized in dramatic subjects
Supernatural, irrational subjects, fear of the unknown

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21
Q

William Blake
Romantic
English

A

NEWTON
Dramatic, weird, different art style
Believed the rules at the academy blocked creativity
Nature of good and evil
Elements from the Bible, Greek mythology, and British legend
was thought to be crazy

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22
Q

Soufflot
Neoclassical
France

Study These Flashcards
A

PANTHEON in paris

23
Q

Chardin
Reaction to Rococo
France

Study These Flashcards
A 
THE GOVERNESS
Genre painting
Touching scenes of everyday middle class life
24
Greuze | Reaction to Rococo
Melodrama | Highly emotional, theatrical, and moralizing
25
Vigee-Lebrun Rococo France
MARIE ANTOINETTE WITH HER CHILDREN Queen Marie Antoinette's portrait painter "Good mother" theme
26
David Neoclassical France
OATH OF THE HORATII Severely plain paintings Masculine and patriotism Propaganda for Napoleon
27
Girodet-Trioson Neoclassical France
Restrained color and composition
28
Labille-Guiard Rococo France
SELF-PORTRAIT WITH TWO PUPILS
29
Houdon Neoclassical France
Classical manner, contemporary clothes
30
Goya Romantic Spain
SLEEP OF REASON PRODUCES MONSTERS | Current event, loose brushwork, off-balance composition, dramatic lighting, sarcastic, satire
31
Gericault Romantic France
THE RAFT OF THE MEDUSA Contemporary history Dynamic, exaggerated, movement, energetic
32
Delacroix Romantic France
Contemporary history | Interested in color
33
Rude Romantic France
Departure of the Volunteers of 1972
34
Ingres Romantic France
Subject matter is Romantic but format is Neoclassical abstracted figures for composition Sensual, erotic, exotic odalisque
35
Daumier Realist France
Satirical lithographs | Criticized all professions
36
Constable Romantic England
THE HAY WAIN Landscapes Dullish color Nostalgic
37
Turner Romantic England
Landscapes / seascapes with historical subjects Freer brushwork, bright colors, drama, expressed emotions
38
Cole Romantic United States
The Oxbow | Landscapes
39
Friedrich Romantic Germany
Landscape to achieve spiritual revelation
40
Courbet Realist France
THE STONEBREAKERS Large paintings of lower class peasants Political statement, liked to provoke Dull, dark colors, awkward poses, stilted compositions Realistic, gloomy and degrading didn't follow academic rules for composition
41
Millet Realist France
no political agenda | Interested in poor people
42
Carot Romantic France
Historical landscapes > naturalistic landscapes | feathery brushwork,
43
Bonheur Romantic France
woman painter
44
Manet Realist / Impressionist France
``` Commitment to Realism Scandalous - Immorality Modern urban life middle class in contemporary life influenced by photography ```
45
Repin Realist Russia
Bargehaulers on the Volga | Peasant
46
Eakins Realist USA
THE GROSS CLINIC | Interested in Anatomy
47
Homer Realism USA
THE LIFE LINE
48
Lewis Realist USA
FOREVER FREE
49
Tanner Realist USA
THE BANJO LESSON | African American subject matter
50
Monet Impressionist France
Fast, open brushstrokes Unfinished look, Moment in painting, Modern painting style, Pure unmixed color directly onto canvas, Capture the play of light quickly, landscape
51
Pissarro Impressionist France
WOODED LANDSCAPE AT L'HERMITAGE Urban life meets the rural light color, intense hues, loose brushstrokes Qualities of light
52
Renoir Impressionist France
MOULIN DE LA GALETTE Figure painting upper middle class at leisure Happy, joyful images
53
Cassatt Impressionist USA / France
Focused on figures domestic and social life of upper-middle class women flat works
54
Morison Impressionist France
``` domestic and social life of upper-middle class women flattened works, visible brushwork ```
55
Degas Impressionism France
Themes and styles were most similar to Manet than Impressionist Ballet dancers

18th-19th Century Art History (5 decks)

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