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Art History Final > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

• What tore Italy apart?

A

Internal Wars

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2
Q

• Italy threatened from abroad by whom?

A

Turkey

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3
Q

What happens to the Medici in Florence?

A

Exiled

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4
Q

What program does the papacy begin?

A

Territorial Expansion

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5
Q

What were Martin Luther’s ideas?

A

Critical of Catholic Dogma

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6
Q

Leonardo Da Vinci

• His various vocations

A

Scientist, painter, Sculptor, musician, architect, engineer

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7
Q

Leonardo Da VinciI in whose workshop in he worked

A

Verrochios

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8
Q

• For whom he worked as a military engineer

A

Ludovico Sforza

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9
Q

Earliest known drawing

A

Arno Valley

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10
Q

Earliest known painting with his teacher (what part he painted)

A

Baptism of Christ

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11
Q

Earliest known painting (its unique feature)

A

Annunciation

Angels were birdlike

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12
Q

Who commissioned Adoration of the Magi

A

Florentine Monks

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13
Q

Status of the painting when he left for Milan

A

unfinished

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14
Q

Who is probably found at right?

A

young Leonardo

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15
Q

How emotion is expressed

A

gaze at the mother and child

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16
Q

What the background is said to reference

A

basilica maximus

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17
Q

What else is found in the background?

A

fighting horsemen

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18
Q

Figures at left

A

workmen

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19
Q

How the figures tend to materialize

A

softly and gradually

20
Q

Define chiaroscuro

A

light and dark

21
Q

Vitruvian Man

• How Da Vinci prepared himself for human dissections

A

Read works of Greek Physicians Galen

22
Q

Vitruvian Man

whom his interest in architecture, engineering led him

A

Virtuous

23
Q

Vitruvian Man

What was Vitruvius’s notion?

A

notion that the human body may be used to derive the perfect geometrical forms of the circle, square

24
Q

Vitruvian Man

• How does Vitruvius describe the human figure?

A

as being the principal source of proportion among the Classical orders of architecture

25
Q

Vitruvian Man

• What man is the measure of in the Vitruvian Man

A

“Proportions of Man” (“Man is the measure of all things”)

26
Q

Vitruvian Man

• How the man is simultaneously inscribed

A

Circles and Squares

27
Q

Virgin on the Rocks

Basic subject

A

St. John as a hermit in the wilderness encounters Christ

28
Q

Virgin on the Rocks

What is sfumato?

A

(“smokiness” or moisture-laden atmosphere)

29
Q

Virgin of the Rocks

How forms are grouped, connected

A

meaningful grouping of forms in pyramid connected by gazes, gestures

30
Q

Virgin of the Rocks

How Da Vinci’s interest in botany is evident

A

evident by fine detail of vegetation (specific plant species can be identified)

31
Q

Virgin of the Rocks

Setting

A

St. John as a hermit in the wilderness encounters Christ

Virgin protectively reaches for St. John (left), holds open palm over Christ child (right) who is flanked by an angel

32
Q

• What Da Vinci says about the relationship between painting, poetry; where it is rooted

A

Da Vinci compares painting, poetry (rooted in Roman poet Horace’s statement that poetry is like painting)
Interpreted to mean that painting should conform to poetry

33
Q

What Da Vinci says about the relationship between painting, sculpture

A

He argued that painting was superior to sculpture (it allowed for illusory spaces, textures sculpture could not replicate; also, painter not subjected to clouds of dust present when one sculpts

34
Q

How this contrasts with Michelangelo’s view of the relationship between painting, sculpture

A

Michelangelo, on the other hand, argued that sculpture was superior to painting because it created fully 3-D forms while painting creates only illusions

35
Q

The Last Supper• Who commissioned it; location

• Unsuccessful medium with which Da Vinci experimented

A

Commissioned by his patron, Ludovico Sforza, to decorate refectory (dining hall) for Dominican monastery Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan
Experimented with unconventional fresco technique of oil-tempera on dry plaster that did not adhere well to the wall in humidity

36
Q

The Last Supper

Role of linear perspective

A

use of linear perspective (vanishing point behind head of Jesus) opens up deep, wide space; architecture supports forms, could be dispensed with altogether

37
Q

The Last Supper

What forms a halo?

A

Note pediment forms a halo

38
Q

The Last Supper

Reactions of Peter, John, Judas

A

Peter grabs a knife; St. John seems lost in thought; Judas recoils in thought & is in shadow

39
Q

Mona Lisa

Who is the woman

A

Vasari identifies woman as Lisa di Gherardo, wife of Francesco del Ciocondo

40
Q

Mona Lisa

basic pose

A

profile

41
Q

Mona Lisa

What is stressed

A

Expensive Garments

42
Q

Bramante

• How he began his career

A

Fresco Painter

43
Q

Bramante

With whom he worked in the court of Milan

A

Leonardo Da Vinci

44
Q

Tempietto

What is meant by the “principle of the sculpted wall”

A

. deeply recessed niches in upper story counterbalanced by convex shape of dome, strongly projecting moldings & cornicesvex shape of dome, strongly projecting moldings & cornices

45
Q

Tempietto

Earlier structures it evokes

A

Martyrium

46
Q

Tempietto

Site on which it is located (thus, making it what type of structure?)

A

crucifixion site of Peter

Art History Final (1 decks)

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