Final

Question 1

Fisher and Fisher 1992

Answer 1

“Knowing about condoms will not do you any good unless you are motivated to use them and feel positive about them in your own sex life”

Question 2

Health Belief Model

Answer 2

most widely used conceptual framework/theory in health behavior; emphasizes the role of cognition

Question 3

Factors of Health Belief Model

Answer 3

perceive a health threat; perceive benefits to taking health action; there are few barriers to taking health action; feel able to be successful in taking that health action

Question 4

Perceived suspectibility to the health threat

Answer 4

“I am likely to get HIV if I don’t use a condom”

Question 5

Perceived severity of the health threat

Answer 5

“If I got HIV, it would be very bad”

Question 6

Perceived benefits to taking health action

Answer 6

“If I use a condom, my partner will be more likely to have sex with me”

Question 7

There are few barriers to taking health action

Answer 7

“I would use a condom, but they are too expensive”

Question 8

Able to be successful in taking that health action

Answer 8

“I’m pretty smooth applying condoms”

Question 9

Modifying factors of Health Behavior Model

Answer 9

age, gender, ethnicity, personality, SES, knowledge

Question 10

Theory of Planned Behavior

Answer 10

links beliefs and behavior

Question 11

TPB- Intention

Answer 11

an indication of a person’s readiness to perform a given behavior and is considered to be the immediate antecedent of behavior

Question 12

TPB- Attitude

Answer 12

attitude toward a behavior is the degree to which performance of the behavior is positively or negatively valued

Question 13

TPB- Subjective norm

Answer 13

the perceived social pressure to engage or not to engage in a behavior

Question 14

TPB- Perceived behavioral control

Answer 14

belief in oneself

Question 15

TPB- Behavioral belief

Answer 15

subjective probability that the behavior will produce a given outcome

Question 16

TPB- Normative beliefs

Answer 16

perceived behavioral expectations of such important referent individuals or groups as the person’s spouse, family, friends

Question 17

TPB- Control beliefs

Answer 17

perceived presence of factors that my facilitate or impede performance

Question 18

Social Cognitive Theory

Answer 18

people learn by watching others

Question 19

Locus of control

Answer 19

Does the person think they are in control of their life/ behavior, or do they think external forces (god, fate) control this?

Question 20

Reinforcements

Answer 20

can increase probability that health behaviors will be taken in the future

Question 21

SCT- Interactive process

Answer 21

reciprocal determinism category

Question 22

SCT- Individual/Internal

Answer 22

belief in self, behavioral capability, expectancy values, locus of control, emotional coping category

Question 23

SCT- Environmental

Answer 23

observational learning, reinforcements

Question 24

2 factors in Health Belief Model for someone to experience a sense of health threat

Answer 24

susceptibility; severity

Question 25

SCT’s most important construct

Answer 25

self-efficacy (belief in oneself)

Question 26

hypocrisy

Answer 26

dissonance paradigms for increasing sexual health behavior rely on inducing feelings of this in participants

Question 27

3 theories of motivation

Answer 27

sexual strategies theory; attachment; terror management theory

Question 28

Intrasexual competition

Answer 28

competition within a sex for access to partners

Question 29

Intersexual selection

Answer 29

choosing who to mate with

Question 30

Sexual strategies theory

Answer 30

suggest that women and men have evolved both short and long term strategies; diff adaptive problems must be solved by men and women, for short vs long term; men prefer short term strategies more than women

Question 31

Clarke and Hatfield study

Answer 31

male and female research assistance approach members of opposite sex and ask if they would like to have casual sex with them

Question 32

Clarke and Hatfield study results for men and women

Answer 32

Men- many males accepted

Women- not a single female accepted

Question 33

Avoidant attachment

Answer 33

positive model of self; negative model of other

-doesn’t trust others

Question 34

Anxious attachment

Answer 34

negative model of self; positive model of other

-Often question themselves

Question 35

Secure attachment

Answer 35

positive model of self; positive model of other

Question 36

Sexual motives for anxious and avoidant and secure

Answer 36

Anxious- sex to feel emotional connection and reassurance they are loved
Avoidant- social status/esteem
Secure- sex to feel pleasure and closeness

Question 37

Worldview defense

Answer 37

how you want to leave your mark on the world; how people ought to be; do your part

Question 38

Worldview defense and sex

Answer 38

involve mental efforts to justify traditional roles for men and women during sex and other dominant sexual practices; derogate others who do not conform

Question 39

Self-esteem, according to terror management theory, is conceptualized as a form of ____.

Answer 39

symbolic immortality

Question 40

The attachment perspective promotes the importance of ____ and ____ motives.

Answer 40

relational and existential