Final Flashcards
(155 cards)
1
Q
Conflict
A
can stimulate people to grow and change
2
Q
When deciding whether to allow the media to take photographs or shoot video at crime scenes, police must consider important ____ amendment concerns.
A
fourth
3
Q
According to the text, news sources base their coverage of crime on the concept of:
A
top billing
4
Q
The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and state public records laws:
A
govern what police can and cannot disclose to the media
5
Q
According to the text, the Society of Professional Journalists contends that:
A
the practice of telling victims they don’t have to talk to journalists will interfere with news gathering.
6
Q
The First Amendment guarantee of the freedom of the press is often incompatible with the ____ Amendment guarantee of the right to a fair trial and protection of the defendant’s rights.
A
sixth
7
Q
According to the text, depending on the journalist, “off the record”:
A
guarantees nothing; may make it more likely that the remarks will be published (both b and c)
8
Q
A soundbite:
A
must contain good solid information
9
Q
According to the text, police and the media share a common goal of:
A
serving the public
10
Q
In law enforcement context, PIO is:
A
public information officer
11
Q
Police are guided by the ____ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which guarantees the individual the right to a fair trial.
A
sixth
12
Q
When dealing with the media, it is important to remember that:
A
all of the above
13
Q
The police have different priorities and perspectives from the media. The media depends upon the police:
A
all of the above
14
Q
One way to enhance the media’s understanding of police work is to invite the local newspaper and broadcast reporters to enroll in a:
A
citizen’s police academy
15
Q
A major theme among media participants at a police-media workshop was their need to get information from:
A
law enforcement
16
Q
A reason for the conflict between the press and the police is:
A
competing objectives; incongruity between constitutional guarantees (a and b)
17
Q
According to the text, PIOs are officers trained in public relations who:
A
all of the above
18
Q
A police-media relationship survey found that the one factor most affecting this relationship was:
A
accessibility to police data and personnel
19
Q
According to the text, conflict between the media and law enforcement can:
A
be beneficial as it can lead to change
20
Q
What organization has created a new online Directory of Victim Crime Services, which links crime victims and victim service providers to contact information for assistance 24/7?
A
OVC
21
Q
What is an exemption to the FOIA?
A
all of the above
22
Q
A fundamental source of conflict between the press and the police is:
A
competing objectives
23
Q
If a law enforcement agency lies to the media, they risk:
A
losing the public’s trust
24
Q
One tool that can help community oriented policing achieve its mission through the media is the _____, designed to proactively address the specific crime and disorder issues that routinely occur at certain times of the year.
A
seasonal press release
25
Chermark and Weiss recommended: "Law enforcement agencies should implement and devise broad marketing strategies to increase public awareness and involvement in community policing activities." Which of the following was not one of their recommendations?
tell their stories of police contact to at least three other people.
26
According to the text, when evaluating the success of crime prevention programs, they should be carefully examined for all of the following reasons except:
crime is usually overreported
27
To reduce crime and the fear of crime, the Hartford Experiment involved:
organizing citizens to improve their neighborhoods
28
One hazard of citizen patrols is the possibility of:
vigilantism
29
DARE programs are aimed at:
elementary age school children
30
The Officer Friendly program is:
a program generally including a police officer who goes into classes to discuss good citizenship, responsibility, and general safety.
31
Explorer programs are:
affiliated with the Boy Scouts of America
32
According to the text, since ancient time this method of deterring and detecting crime has been used.
street lighting
33
According to the text, the goals of most police-school liason programs include all of the following except:
enforcing school regulations
34
Which of the following was not a result of the Baltimore County COPE Project?
an increase in calls for service
35
DARE refers to:
an elementary education program to teach children to avoid drug use
36
According to the text, which is not considered a commonly used crime prevention program by law enforcement?
road blocks
37
One component of crime prevention through environmental design is:
street lighting
38
In the first Neward Foot Patrol Experiment, positive results were reported by:
residents
39
McGruff is:
a spokesperson in a media campaign to teach crime prevention
40
A factor considered when selecting candidates for the Deferred Prosecution/First Offenders Unit is:
the nature of the current offense
41
The largest online safety group that provides help for online victims of crime is:
WiredSafety
42
A new Neighborhood Watch program, nicknamed Community Policing 2.0, is called:
iWatch
43
Relieving the courts of matters not requiring the formalities of judicial intervention is an example of:
Community Dispute Resolution Centers
44
According to the text, which crime prevention programs are among the most visible in the US?
all of the above
45
Qualitative evaluations are ____ than quantitative evaluations.
more descriptive and less statistical
46
According to the text, resistance to change is common, especially in tradition-oriented professions. The six impediments to implementing innovative community-oriented policing include all of the following except:
cost of training
47
A modern example of the Guardian Angels is/are the:
CyberAngels
48
In the Flint Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program:
communication with citizens was the primary objective; officers were given great discretion (a and b)
49
According to the text, the typical youth-related crime prevention programs used are:
neighborhood watch and property marking projects
50
Improving lighting to deter and detect crimes:
is an example of CPTED
51
According to the text, youth have traditionally been included in police-community programs that include all of the following except:
private patrols
52
To reduce the residential burglary rate, the Seattle Citywide Crime Prevention Program used all of the following except:
self defense courses
53
This nonprofit, grassroots organization was founded in CA in 1980 to combat drunk driving:
Mothers Against Drunk Driving
54
Available research indicates that street lighting:
reduces citizens' fear of crime
55
According to the text, block or neighborhood watch programs would NOT be described as:
vigilantism
56
Good examples of special crime watch programs are:
realtor and carrier watch programs
57
Property identification projects are aimed at:
deterring burglary; returning property that is stolen when deterrence fails (a and b)
58
According to the text, all are goals of the police athletic league except:
partnering with the Big Brothers/Big Sisters association
59
Dispute resolution centers contracted by the Unified Court System of the State of New York do all of the following except:
teach individuals how to resolve their disputes through community class action lawsuits
60
Studies have shown that CCTV:
only reduce crime where people were aware they were being watched
61
The DARE program was started by:
LAPD
62
The most common activities of the Neighborhood Watch program are:
Operation Identification programs and security surveys
63
According to the text, the most frequently committed violent crime in the US is:
domestic violence
64
Traditionally, the most common forms of crime prevention were:
all of the above
65
The 18 model crime reduction programs evaluated by the National Symposium on Community Institutions and the Inner City Crime Project share all but one of the following characteristics; they did not:
emphasize enforcement
66
The Flint, Michigan, Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program appeared to do all of the following except:
decrease citizen satisfaction with the foot patrol program
67
McGruff has:
been received favorably by the public
68
According to the text, including crime statistics in an anticrime newsletter:
none of the above (?)
69
A purpose of explorer programs is:
to help police agencies develop favorable community relations; to provide early recruitment opportunities for LEA (both a and b)
70
In the second Newark Foot Patrol Experiment, positive results were obtained with:
all of the above
71
The Community Policing Consortium is:
a partnership of five police organizations that provides training in the community policing to agencies in the US
72
To implement the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, then Attorney General Janet Reno created the:
Office of Community Oriented Policing Services (COPS)
73
"The simultaneous actions of separate entities which together have greater total effect that the sum of their individual efforts" is the technical definition of:
synergism
74
According to the text, the Weed and Seed program sought to:
identify, arrest, and prosecute offenders
75
The Combat Auto Theft (CAT) program allows the police to stop any car marked with a special decal:
between 1 AM and 5 AM
76
All of the following are strategies to limit liability should a witness be harmed except:
making sure the city attorney is involved in the process
77
Which of the following is not one of the main devices used for target hardening?
paint scheme
78
Traffic concerns include:
all of the above
79
According to the text, in 2010, 31 percent of traffic fatalities were caused by:
speeding
80
Strategies used to encourage seat belt use vary from incentives for safe driving to mandatory use policies and fines for failure to buckle up. ____, an annual, nationwide, high visibility seat belt enforcement program, is an example of the latter.
Click it or ticket
81
Enforcement responses to reduce speeding include all of the following except:
increasing speed limits
82
According to the text, as of August 2005, all 50 states required that the BAC of drives be less than:
.08
83
According to the text, victims of ATM robberies:
are usually robbed between midnight and 4 AM
84
Some of the unintended consequences of video surveillance are:
all of the above
85
In June 2012 the FBI initiated a three-day law enforcement action that resulted in the recover of 79 children. This operation was called:
Operation Cross Country
86
A community may be concerned about street prostitution for a number of reasons, including:
all of the above
87
Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to aggression and violence in bars?
high proportion of young females
88
Which of the following is an effective program to deter thefts of or from vehicles?
improving surveillance at lot entrances/exits
89
The 4th Amendment protects ____ when discussing video surveillance.
people not places
90
The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported that speeding was a contributing factor in what percentage of fatal crashes?
32
91
The Governors Highway Safety Association, in a 2012 report Speeding and Aggressive Driving, makes recommendations that include:
all of the above
92
According to the text, the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reported in 2009 that _____ killed 676 people and injured 113,000
red light running
93
Eck suggests that ____ blocking changes to make crime more difficult, riskier, less rewarding or less excusable is one of the oldest forms of crime prevention.
opportunity
94
Using advanced technology to fight crime includes using:
red light cameras
95
Many factors contribute to aggression and violence in bars. Which of the following is not a factor consider?
Opening time
96
One way to address the problems of crimes against businesses is to develop:
police-business partnerships
97
Which of the following is not one of the recommendations for dealing with the mentally ill?
all of the above
98
Norfolk, Virginia, cut homicides by more than 10 percent and reduced overall crime rates citywide by 26 percent and in some neighborhoods by as much as 40 percent. A good share of the credit goes to what crime prevention program?
PACE
99
Forman contends that community policing has not reached its full potential because a critical group has largely been left out of the new policing model. Who is this critical group?
young adults; youths (a and b)
100
A condition characteristic that increases the likelihood that a child will avoid delinquency is called:
a protective factor
101
In 1999, a/an _____ school for public safety and law was established in a largely Hispanic and African American neighborhoods of East Brooklyn.
magnet
102
According to the text the most prevalent form of bullying is:
verbal
103
Dr. Olweus' program to prevent bullying has a basic tenet the intervention by _____ when they see bullying behavior.
teachers
104
Partnerships should include youths at all levels of activity, with their roles considered as important as those of adults. Which of the following programs is based on this philosophy?
all of the above
105
In the 1980s a nonprofit youth development agency in Oakland, CA, established this program to address increasing numbers of youth homicides as a result of heightened gang activity:
Teens on Target
106
A long term, community based, violent reduction or prevention program designed to help create an environment that reduces violence and establishes more sociable ways of behaving, living, and working in families, school organizations and communities is:
PeaceBuilders
107
To prevent bullying, Dr. Olweus recommends:
all of the above
108
According to the text, all of the following are elements of the developmental assets approach except:
community commitment
109
Schools that implemented Dr. Olweus' program found ____ in the rate of bullying behavior within the first two years.
a 40 to 50 percent reduction
110
The RCMP believe that long term prevention of youth crime and victimization can only be accomplished:
in a partnership with the community
111
According to the text, zero tolerance strategies in schools:
no matter what the underlying circumstances, a student will be suspended or expelled
112
The program at school that offers youths an anonymous TIPS line to get information about a crime or violence to those who stop it is:
Student CrimeStoppers
113
According to a Rand research report, all of the following are risk factors of adolescent violence except:
all are characteristics of adolescent violence
114
The Kops n' Kids program, endorsed by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), brings together children and officers to:
have fun rather than to deliver antidrug or anticrime speeches
115
According to the text, crisis planning is the final prong in:
effective security
116
Which one of the three types of activities, as identified by Finn, do School Resource Officers not engage in?
friendship
117
The developmental asset approach promotes all of the following except:
endorsement
118
The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, also known as the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA), went to effect in:
2006
119
Who was the founder of the America's Promise Alliance in 1997?
Colin Powell
120
The America's Promise Alliance, founded in 1997, focuses on five promises. Which of the following is not one of those promises?
free lunches
121
Safe Start was developed to prevent and reduce the impact of family and community violence on young children. What age group was the program developed for?
birth to 6
122
This police department has the Horizons Family Counseling project operating out of the police department:
Livermore
123
The FBI's four pronged assessment evaluates four major areas making up the "totality of the circumstances." Which of the following is not one of these factors?
societal dynamics
124
After school programs are often touted as one method to keep youths out of trouble and to help them succeed in school. A _____ has been developed and is being piloted by the COPS office.
Justice Based After School Program
125
This system links eye scanning cameras with computers to identify people how have been preauthorized to enter schools.
T-PASS
126
Only about _____ percent of sexual assaults are reported to the authorities.
10-20
127
Violence Against Women Act is legislation to prevent:
stalking and domestic violence
128
Characteristics common to workplace violence and school violence include all of the following except:
mediation strategies
129
Initiated in 1994, the Boston Gun Project includes gun trafficking interdiction as one component in their broad strategy to stop gun violence. Partners in the project include the ATF, Boston PD, the Suffolk County District Attorney's Office, and:
The U.S. Attorney's Office
130
____ is the nation's largest firearm safety program.
Project ChildSafe
131
The acronym used by the Department of Justice's S*T*O*P Violence Against Women Grant Program stands for:
services, training, officers, and prosecution.
132
What crime has been documented to be a link to domestic violence?
animal abuse
133
Which of the following is not a risk faced by children in violent homes?
lead poisoning
134
The Boston City Department of Health and Hospitals initiated Boston's Prevention Project in 1982 to prevent _____ violence.
youth
135
The country's first adult gun court was established in:
Providence, RI
136
The domestic violence intervention project in Charlotte-Mecklenburg dealt with a/an:
increase in domestic assaults
137
All of the following are suggested response strategies to drive-by shootings identified by the text except:
targeting the individuals
138
As the text indicates, gun violence is considered a:
three-phase continuum
139
A primary goal of Child Access Prevention laws is:
to keep guns out of the reach of children
140
Straw purchasers are purchasers fronting for people linked to:
illegal gun trafficking
141
The Child Development Community Policing initiative advocates the development of collaborative relationship between law enforcement and _____ to ensure that youths exposed to violence have access to a wide array of services offered in their communities.
mental health communities
142
The Spouse Assault Replication Program, a study cosponsored by the NIJ and the CDC, analyzed more than 4,000 incidents, from six jurisdictions, in which males had assaulted their female intimate partners. What were the results?
Arresting batterers was consistently related to reduced subsequent aggression against female intimate partners, all comparisons meeting the statistical significance level.
143
According to the text, the most common motivator of hate crime is ____ bias.
racial
144
According to text, hate crimes against the person include:
all of the above
145
Hate crimes are:
offenses committed against a person, property, or society that is motived by an offender's bias against an individual's or group's race, religion, ethnic/national origin, gender, or sexual orientation.
146
______ is a law enforcement led strategy whereby local police direct intensive patrols to specific geographic areas with high rates of gun-related incidents of violence.
gun interdiction
147
Targeting the activity, not the individual, is an example of:
effective responses to gun violence
148
Graves recommends a _____ posture against officer-involved domestic abuse, emphasizing the agency's commitment to maintaining community trust, discipline, and the like.
zero-tolerance
149
According to the authors, children in violent homes face all of the following risks except:
being safe from abuse
150
Targeting gun traffickers, teaching conflict resolution skills, and implementing gun buyback programs are all examples of:
limited-effectiveness response to gun violence.
151
The causes of violence as described in the book include all of the following except:
family cohesiveness
152
Strategies for general violence prevention include public dialogue and community mediation, corporate support for antiviolence projects, and addressing violence as a public health problem.What key partnership involves schools?
public dialogue and community mediation
153
According to the text this type of violence prevention benefits from partnerships and problem solving effects
workplace violence
154
The majority of sexual assaults are committed by:
individuals known to the victim
155
In 1990, the Federal Hate Crime Statistics Act was passed, mandating that the Justice Department secure data on crimes related to religion, race, sexual orientation, or ethnicity. Although the laws vary considerably, the most common elements include all of the following except:
expanded criminal investigation strategies
