Final

Question 1

Drug examples for Urinary Excretion

Answer 1

Vancomycin
Atenolol
Ampicillin

Question 2

Affect Renal Excretion

Answer 2

Kidney Disease
Glomerular Filtration Rate
Back Diffusion
Active Tubular Secretion
Tubular pH

Question 3

Drug examples for dose adjustment for Chronic Kidney Disease

Answer 3

Aminoglycoside antibiotics

Cephalosporin Antibiotics

Question 4

Active Transports for Tubular Secretion and Reabsorption

Answer 4

OATPs
POTs
PGPs
MRP2

Question 5

Drug examples for Bile/Feces elimination

Answer 5

Digoxin
Steroids (prednisone)
Hydrophobic Anticancer

Question 6

Affects Biliary/Fecal Excretion

Answer 6

Cholestasis (reduces bile flow)

Enterohepatic recirculation

Question 7

Active Transports for Biliary/Fecal Excretion

Answer 7

OATPs
BCRP
PGP
MDR/MRP

Question 8

Drug Examples that undergo Enterohepatic Recirculation

Answer 8

Zetia
Isotretinoin
Atovaquone

Question 9

Clinically Disrupting Enterohepatic Recirculation

Answer 9

Activated Charcoal

Anion Exchange Resins

Question 10

Breast milk drug transporter

Answer 10

BCRP

Question 11

Drug examples in breast milk

Answer 11

Topotecan

Cimetidine

Question 12

DME related toxicity depends on

Answer 12

Tissue expression of DME
Presence of deactivating DMEs and cofactors
Cellular structures to react with
Reactive metabolites ability to access toxicity site

Question 13

Risk Factors for Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity

Answer 13

Ethnicity
Genetics
Age
Gender
Alcohol
Liver Disease
Kinetics/Dynamics
Herbals

Question 14

Ethanol Metabolism Pathways

Answer 14

ADH
Catalase
CYP2E1

Question 15

Drugs that cause hepatotoxicity

Answer 15

APAP

Troglitazone

Question 16

Drugs that cause Cardiotoxicity

Answer 16

Doxorubicin (CHF)

Terfenadine (hERG)

Question 17

Drugs that cause Hematotoxicity

Answer 17

Dapsone
Sulfamethoxazole
Clozapine

Question 18

Drugs that cause Pulmonary Toxicity

Answer 18

Amiodarone

Question 19

Drugs that cause Neurotoxicity

Answer 19

MPPP -> MPTP -> MPP+

Sarin

Question 20

Drugs that cause Genitourinary toxicity

Answer 20

Ethylene Glycol

Diethylene Glycol

Question 21

Drugs that are pro-carcinogen by bioactivation

Answer 21

AFB
Solvent Red 1
AAF

Question 22

Toxicity Mechanisms

Answer 22

Electrophilic Carbons
Bioactivated Electrophilic Bonds
Bioactivated Electrophilic double bonds
Allylic Carbocation
Free Radical

Question 23

Drug examples with Electrophilic Double Bonds

Answer 23

Carbamazepine
Paroxetine
Tolcapone
Diclofenac

Question 24

Drug examples with Allylic Carbocation

Answer 24

Tamoxifen

Question 25

Drug examples with free radicals

Answer 25

Isoniazid | Captopril

Question 26

Reactive oxygen species

Answer 26

``` Superoxide anion Peroxyl Hydroxyl Alkoxyl Hydroperoxyl Lipidperoxyl ```

Question 27

Reactive Nitrogen Species

Answer 27

Nitric Oxide | Nitrogen Dioxide

Question 28

Non-radical Species

Answer 28

Hydrogen Peroxide Peroxynitrite Hypochlorous Acid

Question 29

Hypersensitivity Types

Answer 29

Type 1: IgE Type 2: IgG Type 3: Immune Complex Type 4: T-cell mediated

Question 30

APAP Toxicity Antidote

Answer 30

NAC (N-Acetylsysteine)

Question 31

DME Toxicity Defense Mechanisms

Answer 31

GST/EH | Oxidative Stress Defense (cat, GSH-px, SOD, GSH-R, Cyt C)

Question 32

Sarin Antidote

Answer 32

2-PAM (before aging of intermediate)