final

Question 1

electronegativity trend

Answer 1

increases to the right, decreases going down

Question 2

atomic radius trend

Answer 2

decreases from right to left, increases down

Question 3

sigma bond

Answer 3

e- sit between 2 bonded atom, single bonds

Question 4

pi bond

Answer 4

out of plane of molecules, every triple bond, 2 are pi, one is sigma, double bond, one is pi and one is sig

Question 5

longer the bond

Answer 5

lower the energy

Question 6

photon energy and wavelength equations

Answer 6

epho: (planck constant)(frequency)

speed of light = wavelength (frequency)

Question 7

amorphus solid

Answer 7

without structure, no long-range structure, no sharp mp

Question 8

crystalline solids

Answer 8

well-ordered array of atoms or molecules and have wlell defined mp

Question 9

molecular solid

Answer 9

have moderate BP, split apart with IMF’s, formed by molecular compounds, particle type: molecule

Question 10

network covalent solid

Answer 10

1. have high MP

2. particles are held by VERY strong covalent bonds

Question 11

ionic solids

Answer 11

1. ionic compounds
2. lattice pts: cations and anions
3. breaking ionic bonds (stronger than IMF’s), high MP

Question 12

metallic solids

Answer 12

1. sea of highly mobile e- and nucleus of particular metal and the core electrons
2. no generalization of if they all melt high or low

Question 13

atomic bonds

Answer 13

1. noble gases
   2, lattice pts: atoms
2. to break, must disrupt dispersion forces

Question 14

vaporization

Answer 14

liquid -> gas, ΔH gas - ΔH liq

Question 15

condensation

Answer 15

gas -> liq, -ΔH vap

Question 16

fusion

Answer 16

solid -> liq, ΔHf liq - ΔH f solid

Question 17

freezing

Answer 17

-ΔH fusion

Question 18

sublimation

Answer 18

solid - > gas, ΔH f gas - ΔH f solid

Question 19

deposition

Answer 19

gas - > solid, -ΔH sublimation

Question 20

high vapor pressure

Answer 20

low IMF

Question 21

low vapor pressure

Answer 21

high IMF

Question 22

dipole forces

Answer 22

only in polar substances

Question 23

hydrogen bonds

Answer 23

hydrogen atom is covalently-bonded to a small, highly electronegative atom with the lone electron pairs (N, O, or F)

Question 24

hydrocarbons are always

Answer 24

nonpolar

Question 25

dispersion forces

Answer 25

universal force in all substances

Question 26

polarizability

Answer 26

refers to the shiftability of electrons, generally increases as MM increases

Question 27

substances with the same molar mass...

Answer 27

shape differences will determine which has the higher dispersion forces. the stronger dispersion forces will be applied when there can be more points of contact

Question 28

formal charge equation

Answer 28

V.E - (lone pairs + 1/2 bonds)