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Wildlife ecology > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is wildlife ecology?

A

The needs and relationship of wildlife to each other and ecosystem

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2
Q

what is the difference in conservation and preservation?

A

preservation doesnt use resources at all and conservation still uses them in moderation

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3
Q

how many vertebrate species are in WA?

A

over 700

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4
Q

what are the 3 ecology basics?

A

composition, structure, function

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5
Q

what is a trophic level?

A

the amount of energy being passed down to other species

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6
Q

how much energy is passed down between trophic levels?

A

about 10%

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7
Q

why is so much energy lost between trophic levels?

A

species do not have enough energy to transfer to the lower levels because they use the energy for things like heat energy

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8
Q

which habitat elements match with the components?

Food and water

A

variety, preferences, nutrition

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9
Q

which habitat elements match with the components?

shelter

A

weather, cover, young, display, resting/roosing

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10
Q

which habitat elements match with the components?

site quality

A

soil, topography, climate

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11
Q

which habitat elements match with the components?

space and home range

A

proximity, diversity, seasonality

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12
Q

what is the difference in a obligate species and a generalist?

A

obligate species have very species habitat and food needs, generalist do not

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13
Q

what are the 4 different types of population dynamic cycles?

A

annual, periodic, irregular, and irruptive

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14
Q

hcps were developed as a solution for conflicts between…

A

private development and endangered species

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15
Q

who owns wildlife in United States?

A

the public

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16
Q

who was the 7 point american game policy developed by?

A

Aldo Leopold

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17
Q

good wildlife policy needs to include or consider which items?

A

science, political will and social considerations

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18
Q

why is the tragedy of the commons not a good example for public policy?

A

because there is no evidence to support it

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19
Q

what are two important federal laws governing wildlife policy and what does it do?

A

clean water act- controls how much pollutants go into streams and waters
clean air act- controls how much pollutants get released into the air from buildings and logging equipment and other sources

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20
Q

what year was the american game policy produced?

A

1930

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21
Q

PARC is an organization to conserve ______ and _____

A

amphibians and reptiles

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22
Q

T/F PARC is habitat focused in its mission

A

true

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23
Q

what are three of the major threats to reptiles and amphibians?

A

climate change, water pollutants, disease and parasites

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24
Q

the equilibrium model of island biogeographyis used to explain species diversity on islands based on the result of ____ and _______

A

immigration and extinction

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25
how can the study of island immigration be applied to continental management?
because there is natural barriers such as roads fences and rivers on continental land too
26
what type of HPC is the cedar river watershed?
ecosystem based
27
T/F timber harvesting is how the HCP is getting paid for at cedar river
False
28
how is the cedar river watershed paying for HPC work?
city utility rate payers
29
what is one example of restoration in the cedar river being done?
removing invasive species
30
one example of mitigation for fish being done in the cedar river HCP
adding culverts
31
three key features of population include....
size, density and dispersion
32
T/f a growing population will have similar numbers in the pre-reproductive reporductiove and post reproductive segments
false
33
T/F dispersion describes the relative spacing of individuals to one another
true
34
why are food chains rarely longer than 4-5 chains?
because you lose to much energy in transfers
35
T/f the k-carrying capacity is to define the max number of animals supportable for the resources of the enviornment
true
36
i-carrying capacity is used to define a ____ based carrying capacity
culturally
37
what are three things to consider in determining carrying capacity for a species?
amount of cover/shelter, amount of food, territory size of individuals
38
is most animal behavior learned or instinctive?
instinctive
39
dispersal is the movement of an animal from its birth place to a residence as an adult, what type of dispersal is described by movement in response of unfavorable conditions?
enviornmental
40
what is imprinting?
when young animals learn behaviors from their parents
41
match the fallowing mitigation term with its definition | laditudinal
change in latitude
42
match the fallowing mitigation term with its definition | altitudanal
change in elevation
43
match the fallowing mitigation term with its definition | circadian
daily rhythms
44
T/F there is one true definition of spotted owl dispersal habitat among biologist
true
45
t/f the home range of the spotted owl is consistent throughout its range
true
46
what is SMART
``` specific measurable attainable reachable timely ```
47
T/F early concepts of habitat corridors were literally linear connecting strips such as riparian buffers
true
48
what is functional connectivity?
patches of habitat that provide habitat within reach of larger patches of habitat
49
T/F functional connectivity is also known as stepping stone corridors
true
50
t/f habitat corridors need to be permanent to be effective
false
51
the ESA was originally made to cover what activities?
federal activities
52
why was the ESA amended in 1982?
to incorporated non federal activity that could potentially "take" a species
53
SHA stands for?
safe harbor agreement
54
t/f CCAA has be signed to help the fisher in wa
true
55
one CCAA purpose is to...
help prevent species from being listed
56
an HCP must,...
ID measures to avoid take | minimize and mitigate impacts of unavoidable taking to the max extent practical.
57
T/F the NEPA is a substantive statue to prescribe environmental conservation methods
false
58
how did California prevent electrocution of birds?
put nets over the fences
59
the balcones canyon land conservation plan has ( stopped, made no difference, allowed ) development in the plan area
allowed
60
who had the first regional multi species HCP in the US
the Balcones canoylands conservation plan

Wildlife ecology (1 decks)

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