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Final Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Cut Into

A

Incise

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2
Q

Cut off

A

Excise

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3
Q

Clean away damaged or necrotic tissue

A

Debride

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4
Q

Substance that inhibits growth of organisms

A

Antiseptic

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5
Q

Agent that causes temporary loss of localized sensory function Phenol Coefficient: It is a measure of bacterial activity of a chemical compound in relation to phenol. When listen numerically, the figure expressing the disinfecting power of a substance by relating it to the disinfecting power of phenol may be a function of the standardized test performed.

A

Anesthetic

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6
Q

Each not of a suture

A

Throw

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7
Q

A boundry edge or boarder of a suture

A

Margin

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8
Q

Amount of tissue taken when placing a suture needle

A

Bite

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9
Q

Clean away damaged or necrotic tissue

A

Debridement

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10
Q

Types of Sterilization

A

Steam
Gas
Dry
Cold

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11
Q

Sterilization that kills both bacteria and spore by boiling water under pressure

A

Steam

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12
Q

What is the disadvantage of steam?

A

Dulls sharp instruments

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13
Q

What is the most effective method of sterilization?

A

Gas

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14
Q

What is the disadvantage of gas as a sterilizer?

A

Not cost effective and dangerous to humans.

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15
Q

What is the disadvantage to using heat as a sterilizer?

A

Does not kill all bacteria (spores), but can be used in emergency

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16
Q

What is the least effective method of sterilization?

A

Cold

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17
Q

What is the number one complication of minor surgery?

A

Anxiety.

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18
Q

What age group is the best candidate for minor surgery?

A

15-65 year olds

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19
Q

What body type are the fastest healers?

Slowest?

A

Fastest= Ectomorphs

Slowest= Endomorphs

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20
Q

What conditions cause a patient to be slower at healing?

A 
Diabetes
Low T
Hypothyroidism
Hemophelia
Anemia
Liver Dz
Estrogen Dominance
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21
Q

What pre surgery lab work bust be done in an elective surgery?

A 
(extrinsic pathway of coagulation)
Clotting time
CBC
UA
Prothrombin
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22
Q

What are the two types of local anesthesia techniques called?

A

Direct Infiltration

Field Block/Parallel Margin Infiltration

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23
Q

When is a Direct Infiltration technique most commonly used

A

With a laceration

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24
Q

When is a Field Block or Parallel Margin Infiltration used?

A

When the wound is dirty or contaminated (sebaceous cystectomy, lipomectomy, foreign body removal)

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25
Definition of local anesthesia=
Interruption of sensory nerve conduction without subjecting the patient to unconciousness.
26
What body type is at greatest risk of healing complications?
Endomorph
27
When is greatest risk of infection?
Within first 72 hours post surgery. (especially 24)
28
What is the first line of defense?
Establish a proper sterile field for you, your instruments and your patient.
29
What is the most effective form of sterilization?
Gas, but also most expensive.
30
How long do you use a steam auto calve and at what temperature? What is its disadvantage?
13 min 120 C 750mmhg Dull instruments
31
How hot shoulder Dry Sterilization be? Disadvantage
170c for 1 hour Will NOT kill spores
32
Can you use a razor to shave hairy areas of the body before surgery?
No, but back hair with scissors-except eyebrows
33
What is the single most important technique that a doc should master with surgery?
Gloving
34
What determines the strength or effectivness of an antiseptic?
"Phenol Coefficient" Phenol very powerful when exceeding 80% (AKA Carbolic Acid)
35
(T/F): Phenolated lotion of calamine is effective for itching and burning of dermatitis and insect bites?
True
36
What is Silver Nitrate used for?
Warts, Excess tissue, Ulcers, Canker sores and cauterization of bleeders.
37
(T/F) Alcohol can he used to sterilize equipment?
False- it is a poor antiseptic and should not be used to sterilize equipment.
38
What is Zinc effective for?
Burns and most skin diseases
39
What is best used for wound cleansing of the face?
PLURONIC F 68
40
What is the difference between 1% anesthetic and 2% anesthetic?
1% will abolish pain but leave touch 2% will abolish all sensation. Much higher risk
41
What is the max local anesthetic dose for chiropractors?
30cc
42
Pros and Cons of Ester: Procaine (Novocain)
With or without epinepherine Pros: Very potent. Long lasting (spinal blocks) Cons: High risk of toxic reaction No use for chiropractic
43
What is the most popular and frequently used local anesthetic?
Amide: LIDOCAINE (Xylocaine)
44
Pros of Lidocaine
Low toxicity Rapid diffusibility Topical activity and chemical stability Almost imediate onset.
45
What should you be cautious of using Mepivacaine (carbocaine) Amide as a local anesthetic?
Though it DOESNT come with epinepherine, it is still slightly vasoconstrictive. Caution when using on distal end organs.
46
Which anethetic does not require a needle stick? What is its disadvantage?
TAC Vasoconstrictive, no distal end organs.
47
Which anesthetic is used as a spray to suppress the gag reflex
Cetacain (Rostra Spray)
48
Which anesthetic is highly flammable and can be used as a pre-injectable or to lance furuncles and carbuncles?
Ethyl Chloride
49
What are the 4 main toxic reactions which can occur with the introduction of local anethetics?
1) Cardiovascular 2) Hyper-excitability of NS-> seizures 3) Allergic Responses 4) Vasovagal syncope secondary to pain and anxiety
50
Order of wound healing** | 1-6
1) Immediate response 2) Inflammatory 3) Epithelialization 4) Neovascularization 5) Collagenation 6) Wound contraction
51
Describe Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary Union
Primary: Clean wound, often with knife. Closed within 6 hours Secondary: Dirty wound, tissue loss, wound heals by granulation and re-epithelialization Tertiary: More than 12 hours old. Animal bite, or puncture wound. Antibiotic coverage needed
52
What is the standard for a "Dirty Wound"-> prone to infection
5 hours
53
How far does erythema have to extend beyond a wounds margin to suggest infection? **
1cm
54
If a chronically ill person loses 20% of their BW, what does that do the the chances of infection.
3x increase
55
Which types of suture serves well for hand surgery?
Horizontal Mattress
56
Which suture might be best to avoid prominent suture marks
Subcuticular
57
Degree's of hemorrhoids
1st- No protrusion 2nd- protrusion, spontaneous reduction 3rd= Protrude with manual reduction 4th- Protrude, non-reducible
58
Tearing, mangled wound
Laceration
59
Cut into=
Incise
60
Cutt off=
Excise
61
Clean away damaged wound=
Debride
62
Substance that inhibits growth of organism. Prevent the invasion of the body by bacteria
Antiseptic
63
Agent which causes temporary loss of localized sensory function
Anesthetic
64
Determines the strength or effectivness of an antiseptic
Phenol Coefficient
65
An agent that kills microorganisms or inhibits growth=
Antimicrobial
66
Each not of a suture=
Throw
67
Topical anesthetic that is effective on mucus membranes and can be used to stop gag reflex.
Cetacaine (rostra spray)
68
Gage used for venipunctures Gage used for joint aspirations
21=venipuncture 18= joint aspirations
69
Which wound cleaning solution is a teratogenic?
Hexachlorophene
70
Which wound cleaning solution is best for face
Pluronic F 68 (also has antimicrobial properties)
71
What skin lesions can DCs remove?
``` Keloid Lipoma Sebaceous cyst Verrucae Vulgaris Papilloma Cutaneous horn ```
72
Which skin lesion treatment is most common for removal of skin lesions Which is best for viral warts
Electrocautery Liquid Nitrogen

Minor Surgery (2 decks)

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