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327 Gas Turbine Engines > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

What type of engines have combustion occur MOMENTARILY in a CYLINDRICAL flow?

A

Reciprocating engines!

Intake, Compression, COMBUSTION, Exhaust

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2
Q

What type of engines have combustion occur CONTINUOUSLY in ONE location?

A

Turbine engines!

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3
Q

What are the 4 engine sections?

A
  1. Fan (Intake)
  2. Compressor
  3. Combustor
  4. Turbine (Exhaust)
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4
Q

Newton’s 2nd Law

A

F = ma

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5
Q

Increasing temperature causes gas to:

A

Expand!

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6
Q

A ____ accelerates gas flow at the trailing edge of the turbine

A

Nozzle

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7
Q

A ____ decelerates streamlines in conventional air intake design

A

Diffuser

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8
Q

What are the 4 different types of Turbo engines?

A
  1. Turboshaft
  2. Turbojet
  3. Turbofan
  4. Turboprop
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9
Q

Turbo___ engine are most commonly used for helicopters

A

TurboSHAFT

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10
Q

Turbo___ engines are knows to be the noisiest

A

TurboJET

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11
Q

Turbo___ engines have better fuel consumption and reduced noise (80 percent bypass/20 percent core air)

A

TurboFAN

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12
Q

Turbo___ engines are prop-driven through a reduction gearbox from a turbine.

A

TurboPROP

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13
Q

The Pratt and Whitney Purepower 1000 is what TYPE of turbine engine?

A

GEARED TurboFan!

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14
Q

The ___ is designed to ensure smooth, stable airflow delivered to the compressor.

A

Air Intake

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15
Q

With regards to a Compressor, what does the term “Stage” refer to?

A

Stage = One set of rotors and stators within an axial flow compressor

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16
Q

Compressor EFFICIENCY is concerned with:

A

The amount of energy supplied from the turbine, via a shaft to the compressor resulting in an increase in pressure energy

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17
Q

____ are a collection of blades oriented around one cylindrical plane which rotates on the compressor shaft (driven by the turbine).

A

Rotors

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18
Q

____ are blades mounted to the compressors CASING

A

Stators

Stators STAY, they do not move

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19
Q

The ________ refers to the Amount of air routed around the compressor, versus the amount of air routed through the compressor/combustor

A

Bypass Ratio

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20
Q

High-Bypass ratio engines have a ratio greater than __

A

5

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21
Q

The air flow rate is the:

A

Volume of air able to be processed by the compressor (typically in 1 second)

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22
Q

What are the 2 TYPES of compressors?

A
  1. Centrifugal Flow

2. Axial Flow

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23
Q

What type of compressor is most commonly used today?

A

Axial Flow Compressor

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24
Q

A(n) ____ flow compressor is able to accept large mass flow rates, and deliver high pressure ratios!

A

AXIAL flow

25
Q

Can Axial Flow compressors be divided into multi-stage/multi-spool? What are 2 downsides of Axial Flow compressors?

A
  • Yes

- Weight and Complexity (multiple stages/spools)

26
Q

What are the 2 main types of COMBUSTION chambers?

A
  1. Can-Type (inefficient, no longer used)

2. Annular

27
Q

______ are distributed as necessary to provide fuel mist into the combustor

A

Fuel Nozzles

28
Q

_____ operate as needed, and assist with starting, auto-continuous ignition, and manual-continuous ignition

A

Igniters

29
Q

What is the purpose of a Turbine?

A
  • To extract/absorb energy, and convert it from gas flow, into mechanical shaft power/torque
30
Q

What 4 factors impact the number of stages a turbine engine has?

A
  1. Number of compressor spools (to drive)
  2. Amount of energy to extract from the gas
  3. Rotational velocity (RPM)
  4. Max permissible turbine diameter
31
Q

____ are designed to capture any remaining force from the gases after the turbine

A

Exhaust Nozzles

32
Q

The _____ powers many pieces of auxiliary equipment, and is sometimes referred to as the AGB

A

Accessory Gear Box

33
Q

Do Gas Turbine Engines usually have a wet or dry sump lubrication system?

A

DRY sump!

34
Q

What is N1?

A
  • Electrical Accessory

- Low speed Tachometer

35
Q

What is N2?

A
  • Electrical Accessory

- High speed Tachometers

36
Q

The goal of the Starting System is to achieve:

A
  • Engine IDLE

lowest rotational speed at which a turbine engine can continue running

37
Q

Air Turbine Starters (ATS) use Pneumatic Air which is supplied from: (3 total sources)

A
  1. Auxiliary Power Unit
  2. Opposite Engine
  3. HP Start Cart (huffer cart)
38
Q

What are 3 types of Air Turbine Starters?

A
  1. Electric Starter
  2. Gas Turbine Starter
  3. Cartridge Starter
39
Q
  • N1 section consists of:

- N1 fan consists of:

A
  • A 4 stage low pressure turbine that drives a single stage fan through a single shaft
  • 28 titanium blades and is enclosed in a Kevlar container
40
Q
  • N2 section consists of:

- N2 fan RPM is displayed on:

A
  • 14 stage axial flow compressor connected through a drive shaft to a 2 stage high pressure turbine
  • The primary page
41
Q

Where is the combustion chamber located?

A

Between the N2 compressor and the N2 turbine section.

42
Q

What occurs with the N2 core section air? What effect does this have on N1?

A
  • The air is mixed with fuel and ignited!
  • The expanding air hot gases passes through the high pressure turbine and furthermore into the low pressure turbine, driving the N1 fan
43
Q

The _________ is mounted on the engine, and driven by the N2 rotor.

A

Accessory Gearbox

44
Q

Air Turbine Starter rotation turns the ____ which turns the N2 rotor for start.

A

AGB

45
Q

3 characteristics of a Variable Geometry System or “VG System”

A
  1. Fuel control unit regulates airflow into the combustion chamber
  2. Change position of the compressor inlet guide vane and 1st five stages of stator vanes
  3. Prevent compressor stall/surge and optimizes the engine performance
46
Q

The Fuel Control Unit regulates airflow by:

A

Changing position of the compressor inlet guide vanes and 1st 5 stages of the stator vanes (N2 section)

47
Q

What is a Hung Start?

A

Identified by an abnormally slow acceleration after light-off, and RPM stabilization below IDLE

48
Q

What is a Hot Start? When is it most likely to occur?

A
  • Rapid rise in EGT during the start process

- Likely in high density altitude conditions

49
Q

When would a tailpipe fire occur?

A

When you have unburned fuel that bypasses the combustion chamber and ends up in the tail pipe

50
Q

What engine has a 1 stage fan and 4 stages LP turbine?

A

The N1 shaft on the CF34

51
Q

What was the 1st engine use on the Me-262?

A

Junkers (Jumo 004)

52
Q

A compressor stall may result from:

A

A strong cross-wind or otherwise disrupted airflow

53
Q

When will the “NO STARTER CUTOUT” EICAS message illuminate on the CRJ?

A

When the air turbine starter does not disengage at 55 percent

54
Q

What does cross-bleed start do?

A

Uses bleed air from #2 to start #1

55
Q

Engine ingestion of volcanic ash may lead to:

A

Engine Flameout

56
Q

What are the different types of combustors?

A
  1. Can
  2. Annular
  3. Can-Annular
57
Q

What company built the engine on the Bell P-59 Airacomet?

A

General Electric

58
Q

What system on the engine may be comprised of “loops” which are mounted in selected areas of the engine and pylon?

A

The Fire Protection system

59
Q

What type of engine did RAFs first operational fighter (Gloster Meteor) use?

A

Whittle Engine

327 Gas Turbine Engines (1 decks)

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