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Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Something that dictates the ways in which we operate in our everyday lives is called?

A

Worldview

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2
Q

The Creation Mandate calls us to?

A

Use wise dominion over creation

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3
Q

Simplified representations that characterize a system or explain a phenomenon is known as?

A

Scientific Method

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4
Q

Chemists can only be found working in labs?

A

False

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5
Q

Chemistry is?

A

Anything that takes up space and has mass

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6
Q

Numerical data is also known as?

A

Quantitative

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7
Q

Science is?

A

The total collection of knowledge gained through the systematic observations of nature

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8
Q

What science probes nature simply to learn new things?

A

Pure science

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9
Q

In what type of experiment is only one condition varied at a time to isolate and measure its effects on the outcome?

A

Controlled

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10
Q

The data collected through an experiment is called?

A

Empirical

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11
Q

Anything that occupies space and has mass is called?

A

Matter

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12
Q

A nucleus contains protons and?

A

Neutrons

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13
Q

Changes that occur in a material without changing the identity of a material are?

A

Physical changes

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14
Q

Which are positively charged?

A

Protons

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15
Q

What mixtures consists of 2 or more materials?

A

Heterogeneous

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16
Q

What is more aligned with solids?

A

Definite shape

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17
Q

What do we call that constant motion of particles?

A

Brownian motion

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18
Q

The chemical changes that produce heat are?

A

Exothermic

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19
Q

What law states that all natural processes tend toward the highest entropy and minimum usable energy?

A

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

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20
Q

What state of matter could be the most common and is found on stars?

A

Plasma

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21
Q

The act of comparing an unknown quantity to a standard unit is known as?

A

Measurement

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22
Q

The base unit for measurement for the SI is the?

A

Meter

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23
Q

What us an assessment of the exactness of a measurement?

A

Precision

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24
Q

When adding and subtracting data, it must have the same units?

A

True

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25
What compares the magnitude of the measurement error with the size of the measurement?
Percent error
26
Precision can change when multiplying and dividing data?
False
27
The number of - in the nucleus is called an atoms atomic number
Protons
28
Who developed a mathematical model of the atom?
Niels Bohr
29
What principle states that we cannot know both the energy and the momentum of an electron at the same time?
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
30
What do we call the 4 numbers that represent the energy, momentum and probable location of an electron?
Quantum numbers
31
Who was the first to develop an atomic model based on experimented evidence?
John Dalton
32
The modern periodic table is credited to?
Mendeleev
33
The vertical columns on the periodic table are called?
Family/Group
34
The distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost electron is?
Atomic Radius
35
Was the first chemist to quantify electronegativity?
Pauling
36
What is colorless, odorless, and tasteless?
Hydrogen
37
Which is a graphic description of how elements differ from one another?
Periodic table
38
Who suggested that elements be arranged according to their atomic number?
Henry Mosley
39
The elements produced by manmade nuclear reactions were called the?
Transuranium elements
40
What type of ions have lost electrons to make them have positive charge?
Cations
41
The energy required to remove the first electron from its outermost shell is the?
Electron Affinity
42
The measure of the attraction between the nucleus and valence electrons is?
Electronegativity
43
Which are soft metals that are very creative because of a single loosely held electron?
Alkali Metals
44
Which element also forms its own group?
Hydrogen
45
Which type of elements have characteristics that lie somewhere between metals and nonmetals?
Metalloids
46
Which are named because they form salts when they react with other reactive metals?
Halogens
47
What does the modern periodic law state?
The physical and chemical properties of the elements are the periodic function of their atomic number
48
What are some of the uses of hydrogen?
Fuel and Bombs
49
Which element has the strongest electronegativity?
Fluorine
50
List 2 properties of the transition metals
Hard and Conductors
51
What do we call elements that combine with oxygen?
Oxides
52
What do we call elements that combine with sulfur?
Sulfides
53
By obtaining a full valence shell, atoms maximize what?
Stability
54
Atoms with fever than 4 valence electrons tend to?
Lose more electrons
55
Covalent bonds are typically between two?
Nonmetals
56
Delocalized electrons act as a - in metallic bonds
Glue
57
Solid ionic compounds are - - of heat and electricity
Poor conductors
58
Atoms naturally link with other atoms to form?
Chemical Bonds
59
Which bonds are formed by sharing electrons?
Covalent
60
Atoms that bond using delocalized electrons form?
Metallic Bonds
61
What is the tendency of an object to from 2 localized regions of opposite character?
Polarity
62
A single line is Lewis structure represents what?
A pair of electrons
63
What is the octet rule?
The tendency of atoms attempting to gain enough electrons to fill their valence shell
64
What is an ionic bond?
A bond between a metal and nonmetal; usually steals an electron; has a high electronegativity
65
List 2 elements that are diatomic?
Hydrogen and Fluorine
66
What bonds involve 2 atoms in which one of them steals electrons from the other?
Ionic
67
Sigma bonds are - than the combination os sigma and pi bonds?
Weaker
68
There are exceptions to the?
Octet rule
69
Anti bonding orbitals destabilize the?
Molecule
70
When electrons are shared equally, the bond is called a?
Polar covalent bond
71
What type of bond is pi bond?
Orbitals are connected side-to-side

chemistry final (1 decks)

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