Final

Question 1

DNA is made up of:

Answer 1

Many molecules called nucleotides.

Question 2

Which is not found in a Nucleotide:

• Adenine
• Polymerase
• Phosphate
• Guanine

Answer 2

Polymerase

Question 3

Give the complementary DNA sequence to:

- CCTATGGTACG

Answer 3

GGATACCATGC

Question 4

True/False: You are a single celled organism..?

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True/False: Bitter is one of the four basic taste groups

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True/False: You are able to sense sound

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True/False: Muscle tissue serves as a protective outer covering to body surfaces

Answer 7

False

Question 8

True/False: Mechanoreceptors are sensitive to light

Answer 8

False

Question 9

True/False: Your digestive system is involved in eating

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the hierarchy of organization in multicellular organisms?

Answer 10

Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism

Question 11

What is the hierarchy of organization in multicellular organisms?

Answer 11

Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organ System > Organism

Question 12

Simple definition of a cell-

Answer 12

Basic building block of life

Question 13

True/False: Thermoreceptors adapt to changes in temperature

Answer 13

True

Question 14

True/False: If you have an ear infection, you may find it hard to keep your balance.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

True/False: If you have a cold, you may have difficulty tasting the difference between bitter coffee and sweet strawberries

Answer 15

False

Question 16

When you walk into a warm building after being outside on a cold winter day and you wash your hands with warm water, you will perceive the water temp as warmer than it really is. Why?

Answer 16

Your thermoreceptors have adapted to the winter cold.

Question 17

In the sensory system lab, you determined the two-point threshold of your fingertip and compared it to the two-point threshold on the back of your hand. Your fingertip had a smaller threshold than the back of your hand. Why?

Answer 17

The back of your hand is less sensitive to touch than your fingertip.

Question 18

Pain receptors adapt little if at all because-

Answer 18

Pain is a way your body tells you to stop doing whatever is causing you pain to prevent further injury.

Question 19

Why did multicellularity most likely evolve?

Answer 19

As unicellular organisms grow, their volume increases faster than their surface area.

Question 20

True/False: The blind spot is the result of a lack of photoreceptors on the retina where the optic nerve exits the eye.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

How does a cell dispose of its waste?

Answer 21

Through the Plasma Membrane.

Question 22

What are the different types of tissues?

Answer 22

Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Nervous tissue, and Muscle tissue

Question 23

What is Epithelial tissue?

Answer 23

Tissue coating and protecting interior and exterior tissues.

• Provides protection and also controls what enters and exits the body.

Question 24

What is Connective tissue?

Answer 24

Composed of cells Scattered throughout Fluid and Fibrous Extracellular Matrix.

• This category of tissue has the greatest diversity of specific tissue types.

Question 25

What is Nervous Tissue?

Answer 25

Conducts most of the communication between the brain and the body. - Itself composed of nerve cells. - Controls both Voluntary and Involuntary movements.

Question 26

What is Muscle tissue?

Answer 26

Three different types of muscle tissue: - Skeletal - Smooth - Cardiac Vary by either under Voluntary control or Involuntary control.

Question 27

What are the different types of Sensory Receptors and what does each respond to?

Answer 27

- Chemoreceptors / various chemicals - Thermoreceptors / heat - Mechanoreceptors / pressure - Photoreceptors / light

Question 28

What are the basic taste groups?

Answer 28

- Sweet - Sour - Salty - Bitter

Question 29

What specific Chemoreceptor contributes our sense of smell?

Answer 29

Olfactory.

Question 30

What part of the heart has the most muscle surrounding it? Why?

Answer 30

Left ventricle - Pumps blood to the entire body.

Question 31

Wtf of Aorta?

Answer 31

Carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body.

Question 32

Wtf of the Capillaries?

Answer 32

Small blood vessels where CO2 & O2 are exchanged between the BLOOD and the BODY.

Question 33

What is a Heart Murmur caused by?

Answer 33

Backflow of blood from the Atrium to Ventricle (correct flow). Occurs when the valve suffers damage, causing backflow into the Atrium.

Question 34

What parts of the heart carry oxygen rich blood?

Answer 34

- Pulmonary Vein - Left Atrium - Left Ventricle - Aorta (Left = Rich)

Question 35

What parts of the heart carry oxygen poor blood?

Answer 35

- Venae Cavae - Right Atrium - Right Ventricle - Pulmonary Artery (Right = Poor)

Question 36

What is the purpose of most Arteries? What is the one exception?

Answer 36

Carry blood oxygen-Rich Away from the heart. (A - artery, A - away) - Pulmonary Arteries: the Only Arteries that carry oxygen-Poor blood. (Pulmonary refers to lungs. Pulmonary Artery=Pushing blood from heart to lungs)

Question 37

What is the purpose of most Veins? What is the one exception?

Answer 37

Carry oxygen-poor blood. - Pulmonary Veins: Only Veins that carry oxygen-Rich blood- Receive oxygen-Rich blood from lungs, deliver to the Aorta (name the in between locations), where it is then sent to rest of body.

Question 38

WTF of the Vena Cava?

Answer 38

Carries oxygen-poor blood from the body to the heart.

Question 39

What is/are the Alveoli?

Answer 39

Small sacs in the lungs were the CO2 and O2 are exchanged between the LUNGS and BLOOD.

Question 40

WTF of the Left Atrium?

Answer 40

Pumps oxygen-Rich blood from the body to the heart.

Question 41

If you sprain your ankle, why should you raise your leg above your head?

Answer 41

To decrease blood flow to ankle = decreasing swelling.

Question 42

During lab, why did you fold a piece of paper several times to demonstrate what biological example of form fitting function?

Answer 42

How a large surface area of Alveoli can be packaged into a very small volume in the lungs.

Question 43

___ is a virus that attacks the immune system, and ___ is a subsequent suite of opportunistic diseases that infect the body due to a compromised immune system.

Answer 43

HIV & AIDS

Question 44

What is found in a nucleotide?

Answer 44

- Adenine - Phosphate - Guanine NOT Polymerase

Question 45

HIV stands for:

Answer 45

Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Question 46

Epidemiology is:

Answer 46

The study of how diseases spread through populations.

Question 47

Define Insight Learning:

Answer 47

Solving a problem through Reasoning.

Question 48

What is an Innate Behavior?

Answer 48

A behavior with a strong genetic component.

Question 49

Define Behavioral Ecology:

Answer 49

The study of behavior within the context of evolution.

Question 50

What is the issue with unicellular?

Answer 50

Size - growth rate eventually exceeds digestion & processing of nutrients. Would burst if it remained unicellular.

Question 51

What is the function of the Digestive System?

Answer 51

Process food

Question 52

WTF of the Circulatory System?

Answer 52

Distribute materials internally.

Question 53

WTF of the Respiratory System?

Answer 53

Gas exchange.

Question 54

WTF of the Immune System?

Answer 54

Body defense.

Question 55

WTF of the Excretory System?

Answer 55

Eliminate waste. (Excrete)

Question 56

WTF of the Endocrine System?

Answer 56

Hormonal coordination of the body.

Question 57

WTF of the Nervous and Sensory System?

Answer 57

Neural coordination of body activities, manage sensory input.

Question 58

WTF of the Integumentray System?

Answer 58

Protection against injury & disease.

Question 59

WTF of the Skeletal System?

Answer 59

Support, protection for other organs.

Question 60

WTF of the Muscle System?

Answer 60

Movement and locomotion.

Question 61

WTF of the Central Nervous System (CNS)?

Answer 61

Interpret signals and command the body to behave accordingly.

Question 62

WTF of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)?

Answer 62

Carry out info to and from the CNS and the rest of the body.

Question 63

What is PTC?

Answer 63

With PTC, individuals can either taste the chemical or taste nothing.