final Flashcards

(72 cards)

1
Q

What was NOT a cause of British colonization of North America in the 1600s?

A

Potato famine in Ireland

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2
Q

The first British colony in continental in North America established in 1607

A

Jamestown

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3
Q

An economic philosophy popular with governments in the 1500s through 1700s. Policies were geared to benefit the government

A

Merchantilism`

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4
Q

Which colonial economy focused on trade and fishing

A

New England

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5
Q

A religious event that took place in the British North American colonies from the 1730s through 1760s. It emphasized a personal relationship with God that animates all one’s actions

A

The Great Awakening

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6
Q

A European intellectual movement that started in 1650 that believed human societies operate according to natural laws that are the same under all conditions and can be discovered by humans using reason and observation

A

The Enlightenment

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7
Q

What was the most important effect of the Seven Years’ Wa

A

Britain was broke

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8
Q

What book was published in 1776 written by Thomas Paine which advocated a complete political break with Britain and American independence?

A

Common Sense

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9
Q

Which battle of 1777 was a turning point in the revolutionary war

A

Saratoga

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10
Q

Which treaty formally ended the Revolutionary War? Britain agreed to recognize American independence

A

Treaty if Paris 1783

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11
Q

In 1787 what law established a plan to organize territories gained from the Revolutionary War to prepare them to become states?

A

Northwest Ordinance

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12
Q

Which was NOT one of the compromises that led to a new U.S Constitution?

A

Missouri Compromise

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13
Q

In 1803 what case did the U.S Supreme Court deny itself the authority to issue writs of mandamus, but established its power of judicial review

A

Marbury v Madison

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14
Q

Which U.S foreign policy statement was issued in December 1823 whereby the U.S pledged not to interfere in European affairs, but forbid any attempts at European recolonization of the Western Hemisphere

A

Monroe Doctorine

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15
Q

What occurred during Jackson’s presidency when South Carolina asserted the right to ban the operation within that state of any federal law that the South Carolina Legislature seemed unconstitutional?

A

Nullification crisis

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16
Q

religious group sprung form second great awakening

A

mormons

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17
Q

who is the father of American public education

A

Horace mann

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18
Q

In 1848, what was the first major meeting of women’s rights activists in the U.S?

A

Seneca Falls

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19
Q

Where did most of the 4.2 million immigrants who arrived in the U.S between 1840 and 1860 come from?

A

Germany and ireland

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20
Q

Which treaty ended the Mexican American War?

A

Treaty of Guadalupe hidalgo

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21
Q

What book was published in 1852 and written by Harriet Beecher stove

A

Uncle Tom’s cabin

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22
Q

Which case in 1857 ruled that African Americans could not be citizens and so had no standing to sue in federal court?

A

Dredd Sccott

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23
Q

What was NOT a cause of the Civil War

A

Congress establishment of secondd bank of the us

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24
Q

Which battle in 1863 was a turning point in the Civil War?

A

Gettysburg

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25
Which region was left devastated by the Civil War?
South
26
What is not true of the congressional reconstruction
it declared general amnesty except for high ranks cya officials
27
The terms of the ________ were that Southern Democratic congressmen would cast their votes for Republican presidential candidate Rutherford B. Hayes, and in turn, Hayes would withdraw troops from the South, thus ending Reconstruction
Compromise of 1877
28
What was nota federal law that aided in American settlement of the west
Sherman silver purchase act
29
What was NOT one of the three major industries in the Western economy in the 1800s
MAnufacturing
30
What act in 1877 formed the basis of the U.S Indian policy until 1934?
Dawes Severalty act
31
An economic philosophy stating that government should not interfere in the operation of the free market economy
Laissez Faire
32
What act was passed after President Garfield was assassinated by a supporter disappointed that he wasn't appointed to a government job?
Pendleton Service Act
33
Of the 10 million immigrants who came to the U.S between 1865 and 1890, most were from __________
Northeastern and Central Europe
34
Middle Class values of the Gilded age promoted _____, a belief that the woman's place is in the home fostering morality and culture.
Cult of domesticity
35
In 1896, what case did the U.S Supreme Court allow racial segregation on the basis of "separate but equal" accommodations?
Plessey v. Ferguson
36
What is NOT true of the Alliance movement of the late 1800s
They demanded that the US remain on the gold standard
37
In the ______ of the late 1800s, European powers and the U.S sought to establish political and economic dominance over parts of Asia and Africa in order to draw out raw materials and provide markets for finished goods
New Imperialism
38
Which treaty ended the Spanish American war?
Treaty of Paris 1899
39
Which amendment prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcohol?
18th
40
Prohibition had its roots in the _____ Movement of the early-to-mid Nineteenth Century
Temperance
41
Which religious group tended to support the Prohibition Movement?
Protestants
42
What was the big problem with Prohibition?
21
43
What religious movement was popular beginning in the early 20th Century? These people believed in the literal truth of the bible
Christian Fundementalism
44
Tennessee v Scopes highlighted the opposition of what issue
Darwinism
45
By 1932, unemployment stood at ___
25%
46
The greatest threat to the federal government during Hoover's term?
Bonus Army
47
What was NOT part of the Democratic Party platform in 1932?
Massive federal spending program
48
Law that allowed businesses in an industry to form boards that were authorized to write codes for that industry that allowed things such as price-setting, wage-setting, and regional syndicates
National Industrial Recovery Act
49
British economist who said that in times of economic downturn, the government should engage in pump-priming and deficit spending
John Maynard Keynes
50
In 1935, what was the landmark law that established a system of old-age, disability, and workmen's compensation pensions, and unemployment insurance, all paid for by both the employer and employee via payroll deductions
Social Security Act
51
Which treaty gave the U.S a 10 mile wide right of way across the Isthmus of Panama for the purpose of building a canal linking the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean
Hay - Bunau Varilla Treaty
52
Which US foreign policy statement claimed an exclusive policing power over the Western Hemisphere
Roosevelt Corollary
53
What was NOT a reason Wilson maintained neutrality in World War 1?
Other progressives welcomed war as a way of strengthening the federal government, making it stronger in enacting reforms
54
In 1918, what law outlawed any language/expression that brought the U.S Government or military into disrepute?
Sedition Act
55
What case set forward the "Clear and present danger" doctrine?
schenck v. U.S
56
Foreign policy doctrine not to intervene
Good Neighbor Policy
57
How did Hitler justify the Anschluss and the annexation of Sudetenland?
He cited the pro-nationalist portions of the Fourteen Points, stating he was simply allowing his German brothers and sisters to live in one German nation
58
WW2 in the Pacific started with what?
Japanese invasion of Manchuria 1931
59
American isolationist tendencies were highlighted by the ______
Nye Commission
60
Hitler's true intention of using military aggression was made clear by _______
The German invasion of Czechoslovakia
61
WW2 in Europe started with ___
The German invasion of Poland
62
Congress first signaled its abandonment of the Neutrality Acts with the _____
Cash and Carry policy
63
American isolationism was embodied by the ____
American First Committee
64
American military personnel first became directly involved in WW2 __________
When the us implemented convoy system and occupied Greenland and Iceland
65
What was the Japanese reaction to the 1940 U.S embargo on the sale of aviation fuel and scrap metal to Japan
Japan occupied Indochina and signed the Tripartite Act
66
What law granted FDR authority over all aspects of the conduct of WW2
War Powers Act
67
What shows how the US military was mobilized to fight WW2?
Joint Chiefs Staff
68
The _______, headed by James Byrnes coordinated the production, procurement, transportation, and distribution of civilian/military supplies
office of war mobillization
69
Defense spending was up to ____ in 1945
46%
70
Earning of the bottom 20% of workers all rose
68%
71
In response to the United Mine Workers strike, in 1943 Congress passed the __________, which empowered the president to take over any facility where strikes interrupted war production
War Disputes Labor Act (Smith-Connally)
72
Which battle was a turning point of WW2
Midway