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Heli Final > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

What are the helicopter airframe components?

A 
Forward fuselage
intermediate fuselage
tail boom
landing gear
cowlings (mast fairing)
vert stab
horiz stab
tail skid/guard
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2
Q

Dynamic components?

A 
main rotor
mast
pitch links
swash plate
main gearbox
tail rotor
tail rotor gearbox
driveshaft
coupling
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3
Q

What is the purpose of colour coding?

A

Match the rotor and pitch links

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4
Q

What is a datum?

A

A reference point for finding a location on the aircraft

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5
Q

What are the rotor blade movements?

A

feathering
flapping
teetering
lead/lag

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6
Q

What are the types of rotor heads?

A

Rigid
Semi-rigid
Fully Articulated

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7
Q

What is the purpose of a strap?

A

Allow feathering

Attach the rotor blade

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8
Q

What is a static stop?

A

Maximum teeter limit

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9
Q

What is a droop stop?

A

Limits how far a blade can droop, needed on blades that flap

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10
Q

What is a dynamic stop?

A

Teeter limit that changes with rotor speed

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11
Q

What is the purpose of a pre-cone angle?

A

Relieves stresses in the rotor head

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12
Q

Methods of lubrication on a main rotor head

A

Oil or grease
Self-lubricated
Life lubricated

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13
Q

What is IGE vs. OGE?

A

IGE - condition of improved performance within 1/2 - 2 rotor diameter from the ground
OGE - greater than 1/2 - 2 rotor diameter from the ground

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14
Q

What is transverse flow?

A

Reduces angle of attack by altering the relative airflow, greater at the aft blade

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15
Q

Benefits of translational lift?

A

Reduced induced flow increases angle of attack

Tail rotor operates in relatively clean air

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16
Q

Compensation for law of conservation of angular momentum on a semi-rigid rotor system?

A

Underslung mounting

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17
Q

Compensation for law of conservation of angular momentum on a fully articulated rotor system?

A

Lead/lag

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18
Q

Methods of compensation for dissymmetry of lift?

A

Flapping hinge changes angle of attack

Differential cyclic

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19
Q

What is dissymmetry of lift?

A

Unequal lift produced throughout the rotor system

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20
Q

What is the law of conservation of angular momentum?

A

When the center of mass of a rotating object moves upward, causing acceleration

21
Q

How does retreating blade stall impact Vne?

A

If Vne is exceeded, retreating blade stall will occur

22
Q

What is vortex ring state?

A

Descending through rotor downwash (eating its own wake)

23
Q

What is mast bumping?

A

Action of the rotor head striking the mast, occurring on underslung rotors only

24
Q

What are the primary flight controls on a helicopter?

A

Tail rotor (anti-torque) pedals
Collective
Cyclic

25
Q

What are some extra controls found on the collective?

A 
landing lights
start switch
governor (beep)
governor on/off
idle release
throttle twist grip
pop-out float trigger
26
Q

What are some extra controls found on the cyclic?

A

intercom and radio push to talk (PTT)
cargo hook release
trim

27
Q

Components of a tail rotor control system

A

Push-pull tubes (some use tele-flex)
Bell cranks
Walking beams

28
Q

What is a mixing unit?

A

Converts separate cyclic and collective inputs into a common set of inputs to the swashplate
Prevents collective inputs from effecting cyclic positions

29
Q

What is the main purpose of hydraulic servos in a flight control system?

A

To provide flight control boost

30
Q

Describe the need for trim systems and gradient units

A

To provide artificial feedback in the system

31
Q

List the different types of gearboxes found on a helicopter

A

Main rotor
Tail rotor
Intermediate
Combining

32
Q

What is included in the pylon?

A

Main rotor
Mast
Main gearbox

33
Q

What is the purpose for a clutch?

A

Unload the engine during startup

34
Q

Different types of clutches?

A

Automatic clutch - centrifugal engagement

Manual clutch - mechanical, electrical (controlled by the pilot)

35
Q

Purpose of a freewheel?

A

Allows the engine to drive the rotor system without the rotor system driving the engine. Permits autorotation

36
Q

Types of freewheels

A

Ramp and roller

Sprag

37
Q

2 functions of anti-torque system

A

Anti-torque thrust

yaw control

38
Q

How to counteract lateral drift

A
  • pilot
  • mixing bellcrank which mixes slight lateral cyclic as collective is moved
  • mounting the main rotor transmission so the main rotor is tilted to the side
39
Q

Different anti-torque systems?

A

tail rotor
Fenestron
NOTAR

40
Q

What is the purpose of a delta-3 hinge?

A

Allows the blade to change to a lower angle of attack whenever it is flapped

41
Q

Types of airframe structures

A

Steel tube or tubular
monocoque
semi-monocoque
composite

42
Q

What is the purpose of the vertical stabilizer?

A

Correction to torque

43
Q

Purpose of synchronized elevators?

A

To change the C of G

44
Q

What is used to counteract the helicopter’s “nose-down” tendency?

A

Horiz stab

Forward tilt of the main rotor mast

45
Q

What gas is commonly used for pop-out floats?

A

Nitrogen or Helium

46
Q

Configurations of multiple main rotor helicopters

A
  • Co-axial
  • Tandem
  • Synchrocopter
47
Q

Illustrate pitch, roll and yaw for intermeshing rotor systems

A

Pitch and Roll: just like normal helicopters

Yaw: Differential pitch between the two rotors

48
Q

What is a Kamen servo-flap?

A

Trailing edge flap that controls the blade’s angle of attack

Heli Final (1 decks)

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