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Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Yalta Conference

A

Feb. 1945.-the big three, Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin; laid groundwork for United Nations; four nations plan to divide Germany & Berlin based on occupation between US, Britain, France, and Russia

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2
Q

Truman

A

Takes over after FDR has a stroke and dies; gets ‘tough’; doesn’t like Soviets and Stalin

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3
Q

United Nations

A

1945; Soviet Union, Britain, France, US, China; act as a security council; made of 50 nations

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4
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

Agree to division of Germany

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5
Q

Eastern Europe

A

Soviet troops have occupied after war time; “iron curtain”; people trapped in East Berlin

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6
Q

Iron Curtain

A

Winston Churchill said an Iron Curtain divided Europe

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7
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

policy-”to support free peoples who are resisting subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures;” U.S. afraid of the spread of communism; want to help Greece and Turkey

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8
Q

Marshall Plan

A

U.S. Sec. of State George Marshall-plan for economic recovery offered to all of Europe; completely heals Western Europe; Societs and Eastern Europe rejects this

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9
Q

The Containment Theory

A

theory about containing communism; glass over a spider

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10
Q

Expansion of Selective Service

A

to maintain near wartime levels.

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11
Q

Divided Germany

A

Germany was divided into four zones, as was Berlin, but the U.S., French, and British eventually combined their zones; East and West Germany

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12
Q

Federal Republic of West Germany

A

The good half

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13
Q

German Democratic Republic

A

neither a democracy or a republic; Soviet Union owned

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14
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

Soviet Union cuts off supplies to West Berlin; Truman starts sending supplies by plane; Soviets let up; big power move

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15
Q

NATO

A

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Twelve nations signed including the U.S., Canada, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Italy, and Portugal; if Soviets become militarily aggressive, this kicks in

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16
Q

Japan

A

Douglas MacArthur looks over Japan during occupation

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17
Q

China

A

ready to go to war; US supported Chiang Kai-Shek vs Mao Zedong; Mao wins, communist

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18
Q

Mao Zedong

A

The communist in China

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19
Q

Chiang Kai-Shek

A

US supported guy in China

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20
Q

1949

A

Soviets tested their first atomic bomb, nuclear arms race begins, China became Communist.

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21
Q

Peoples Republic of China

A

Communist China; not in league with Soviets

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22
Q

NSC

A

National Security Council Report issued in 1950.

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23
Q

Korean War

A

N. Korea invades S. Korea; US seeks UN approval for military action; UN agrees, action led by the US; North Korea is communist and wants all Korea communist

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24
Q

Lin Shan Invasion

A

cuts off North Korean armies; drive the armies back up, originally wanted to maintain border but MacArthur wants to take whole country; China comes in and says lol no

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25
Truman-MacArthur Controversy
MacArthur wants to drop bombs and is denied; he starts bad mouthing Truman, insults him publically, President tells him to quit; fires him when he does not quit.
26
GI Bill
Allows soldiers to get a college education and integrate into the workforce
27
Truman's "Fair Deal"
wants to increase social security, raise minimum wage, national health insurance, and try to get civil rights; fails
28
Election 1948
More Truman
29
Election of 1952
Eisenhower wins; wins again 1956
30
AFL-CIO
American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations merged back together in Dec. 1955 after a 20 year disagreement. George Meany
31
Vaccines
flu, polio, yellow fever, influenza; provided free to the public in 1955, by 1960 it was issued in a sugar cube.
32
DDT
used to protect crops and people from disease carrying insects, it was widely used in WWII, only later were its dangerous long-term effects discovered
33
UNIVAC
the first universal automatic computer, 1950s, to take census information
34
Television
by 1957 over 40 million sets in use, almost as many as there were families
35
Rock n' Roll
Elvis Presley
36
Poverty
not all was great for Americans about 1/5 of them were in poverty
37
Nikita Krushchev
Stalin's replacement, starts making things worse
38
Hydrogen bomb
500 times more powerful, better than Russia, in nine months Russia has it
39
ICBM
Inter Continental Ballistic Missiles; shoot missiles without planes
40
Polaris
nuclear warhead launched from a submarine, first fired in 1960.
41
Space Race
Soviets in the lead—they were the first to put a satellite in space-Sputnik, 1957, and a man in space, Yuri Gagarin, we created NASA in 1958 and landed on the moon first thanks to the Apollo Progam, 1969
42
Warsaw Pact
an alliance of Eastern European Communist countries w. Soviet Union.
43
Berlin Wall
the Soviet government built the Berlin Wall
44
HUAC
House UnAmerican Activities Committee; republican backed, Nixon heavily involved; believe communists are EVERYWHERE; people being interviewed, investigated, especially in Hollywood
45
Hollywood Ten
actually admit to being communists
46
The Federal Loyalty Program
starts with Truman, continues under Eisenhower; for people working in the goverment; investigated & fired
47
Rosenburg Case
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Ethel’s brother David Greenglass; no proof, part of communist party, put to death
48
McCarthyism
Joseph McCarthy; wants political power; go to peoples houses and ruin reputations; labels key democrats as communists including Marshall
49
John F. Kennedy
“New Frontier” Young, Catholic. Vibrant. Assasinated on Nov. 22, 1963; televised campaign helped him win
50
Alliance for Progress
plan to work with Latin American countries; said economic aid to build infrastructure to become partners
51
Peace Corps
lets young people work in developing countries
52
Lyndon Johnson
War on Poverty & Vietnam
53
War of Poverty
Lyndon Johnson; poverty wins
54
Department of Housing and Urban Development
HUD; First Sec. Robert Weaver, first Af. Am. to serve in it; government style housing
55
Immigration Act of 1965
Puts a strict limit on immigration, no preferences enacted
56
Brown V. Board of Education
supreme court rejected Plessy V. Ferguson decision of 1896, separate was no longer equal.
57
Little Rock Case
Little Rock 9; Eisenhower is supporting desegregation; Little Rock, Arkansas; military escort 9 students into the school
58
Rosa Parks
arrested in Montgomery, Alabama; led to Montgomery Bus Boycott
59
Montgomery Bus Boycott
led by MLK; African Americans boycott the bus system; successful
60
MLK Jr.
leader of Civil Rights Movement; assassinatd
61
Jackie Robinson
signed in 1947 to play for the Brooklyn Dodgers he was the first African American to play Major League Baseball.
62
SNCC
Student Non Violent Coordinating Committee
63
Freedom Rides
northern Civil Rights activists went where they were needed
64
University of Mississippi
first student enrolled, military has to go in; George Wallace says he won't let the school segregate and then is visited by the attorney general
65
Birmingham, AL
series of protests held by MLK; Eugene 'Bull' Connor uses police brutality
66
March on Washington
"I Have a Dream" speech
67
Voting Rights
KKK are murdering people; "Freedom Summer"
68
Selma Alabama
major demonstration for voting rights; violence and deaths
69
Black Panther Party
Founded by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in Oakland, CA.
70
Nation of Islam
Detroit, founded in 1931 by Elijah Poole-who became Elijah Muhammed; NOI, is an African American political and religious movement
71
Fidel Castro
Dictator of Cuba
72
U-2 Incident
confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union that began with the shooting down of a U.S. U-2 reconnaissance plane over the Soviet Union
73
Bay of Pigs
invasion begins when a CIA-financed and -trained group of Cuban refugees lands in Cuba and attempts to topple the communist government of Fidel Castro. The attack was an utter failure
74
Cuban Missle Crisis
leaders of the U.S. and the Soviet Union engaged in a tense, 13-day political and military standoff
75
The Vietminh
led by Ho Chi Minh; sought independence
76
The First IndoChina War
the war between France and Vietnam-1950-54
77
Dien Bien Phu
major French fortress
78
NLF
National Liberation Front-also known as the Viet Cong; organize southern Vietnamese communists for Viet Minh
79
Diem
US supported until he wasn't; out of touch with the people; tries to go Catholic vs. Buddhist; JFK supports a plan to overthrow him... doesn't know they mean they'll murder him
80
Tet Offensive
Vietnam strikes back; sucessful at first but not for long
81
Nixon Elected
Landslide; platform to get out of Vietnam
82
Vietnamization
Help the south Vietnamese defend themselves
83
Watergate
People messing with the votes, Nixon resigns
84
Gerald Ford
blamed for bad economy; Vietnam war ends; runs against Ronald Regan and loses to Jimmy Carter
85
Fall of Saigon
Americans and many South Vietnamese evacuated; as many as 30k left to die; Communists wins; no domino effect
86
Jimmy Carter
advocate for human rights; Iranian Hostage Crisis; Carter communicates with Soviet Unin
87
Carter Doctrine
US will use military force to defeat threats to national interest in the Gulf

Modern US History (4 decks)

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