Final 8 Flashcards
(129 cards)
1
Q
Which event occurred first?
1) constitution of the us was ratified
2) emancipation proclamation issued
3) declaration of independence signed
4) missouri compromise was adopted
A
3) the declaration of independence was signed
2
Q
What was a major idea of the declaration of independence
A
Governments should be based on the consent of the people
3
Q
A basic idea stated by thomas jefferson in the declaration of independence is that
A
The power to govern a nation comes from the people
4
Q
According to the declaration of independence,governments are established to
A
Protect the natural rights of citizens
5
Q
The main purpose of the declaration of independence was to
A
Justify the colonies independence from england
6
Q
The primary purpose of the declaration of independence was to
A
State the reasons for the american revolution
7
Q
The declaration of independence was based on the ideas of the
A
Enlightenment
8
Q
Who wrote the declaration of independence
A
Thomas jefferson
9
Q
The concepts of “all men are created equal” and that government gets its power from “the consent of the governed” are found in the
A
Declaration of independence
10
Q
A basic idea contained in the declaration of independence is that
A
Governments get their power from the people
11
Q
Importance of the declaration of independence
A
Established the colonies as an independent nation
12
Q
What was one purpose of the declaration of independence
A
To state reasons for the colonies to separate from england
13
Q
The united states constitution is. Called the supreme law of the land bc
A
No law may conflict with it
14
Q
*congress could not levy and collect taxes
*there was no national court system to settle disputes
*comgress could.not regulate interstate trade or foreign trade
*the 13 separate states locked national unity
Which document is characterized by these statements
A
Articles of confederation
15
Q
What was an important accomplishment of the central government under the articles if confederation
A
Development of guidelines for the admission of new states into the union
16
Q
A major problem with the articles of confederation was that
A
The central government was too weak to govern effectively
17
Q
Shays rebellion proved that
A
The new nations government was weak and needed revision
18
Q
One similarity between the articles of confederation amd the united states constitution is that both documents provide for
A
A national legislature to make laws
19
Q
For a presidential candidate to officially become the president of the united states the candidate must be
A
Elected by a majority of the electoral college
20
Q
Which part of the united states gvt resulted from the great compromise on the issue of representation
A
Congress
21
Q
The three fifths compromise made during the constitutional convention of 1787 was an indication of problems that would develop later over
A
Sectional differences concerning issues of slavery
22
Q
What document is used to describe the structure and function of the american gvt
A
The constitution
23
Q
Describe how the principle of separation of powers is used in the American government
A
To prevent one branch from becoming too powerful
24
Q
Describe how the principle of federalism is used in the American government today
A
A system of government in which power is divided between a central government and smaller political units. Before the Civil War federalism in the USA was closely related to the idea the federal government and the states had exclusive power over their’s own spheres
25
Why was the system of checks and balances introduced to the constitution
Each branch of government can exercise checks or controls over the other branches The branches are separate but they rely on one another to perform government work checks and balances was added to make sure the branches work together fairly and that no one branch of Government becomes too powerful
26
What is the census how does it affect the government
The procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population The results are used to determine the number of representatives that will go to the house of representatives
27
How can we change our Constitution
Proposing an amendment
28
Why did our founding fathers create the electoral college
The fathers of the Constitution did not trust direct democracy the founding fathers did not trust the people to vote for the rightful candidate
29
How are Supreme Court justices chosen
They are nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate
30
What was the great compromise who created this compromise
constitutional conventions agreement to establish a two house (bicameral) national legislature which all states having equal representation in one house and each state having representation based on population in either house Roger Sherman created this compromise (House of representatives=population ) and (Senate =equal representation )
31
What type of housing did many people live in out west during the mid-1800s
Many people lived on Homestead, a piece of land and the house on it ,in the west during the mid-1800s the people in the west lived in sod houses
32
What invention in the field of transportation had a great effect on westward expansion
The railroads chief Joseph and Native American leader who gave up fighting the white settlers was saddnened his people were forced on reservations
33
What did the Homestead act of 1862 do
Offered 160 acres of land free to anyone who agreed to live on the land and improve it for five years
34
In the progressive era in the late 1800s what did people believe
Government should protect its people
35
Who mainly worked in the factories of cities during the late 1800s
Many factory workers were immigrants they were desperate for work and willing to work for low-wage
36
What was the purpose of Ellis Island and Angel Island
This was where immigrants would be processed before entering the USA Emma Lazarus wrote a pome to raise money for the Statue of Liberty Ellis Island was located in New York and Angel Island was located in California
37
What hardships did workers face during the early age of factories
Workers face long hours under poor conditions for low wages theyd work in sweatshops & triangle shirt waist factory
38
What was the triangle shirt waist factory incident
A fiery death of many workers due to poor working conditions most of the workers were woman
39
What Effect did the use of mass production have on the American economy
It allowed factories to produce items at a faster rate it allowed owners to lower the price of the items
40
What did muckrakers like Upton Sinclair and Ida Tarbell do during the early 20th century
Created public demand for reform Upton Sinclair wrote the book the jungle it exposed the dirtiness of meat packaging industry Ida Tarbell was a journalist who exposed the corruption of many businessmen including Rockefeller and standard oil
41
What was the purpose of labor unions
To seek better working conditions to protect the rights of workers and help obtain fair wage to provide a safe working environment
42
What does a business monopoly mean
A company that controls or dominates an industry
43
What are the economic laws of supply and demand
If the supply is low the price is high if the supply is high the price is low the price of goods is Set by the supply of that good and demands for that good
44
List two captains of industry
John D Rockefeller :oil and Andrew Carnegie:steel
45
What is a robber baron
A person who made money by eliminating competition did not care for the welfare, terrible working conditions and low wage, negative
46
What is a captain of industry
A smart businessman who worked very hard provided important products and services gave away their fortune at the end of their lives, positive
47
What is progressivism
The government should pass laws to protect the American people from industrialization
48
Who were muckrakers
Americans who wanted to expose the negative side of industrialization I writing pieces called exposes
49
Describe the progressive reforms of Theodore Roosevelt
He broke up corporations and trust by using the Sherman antitrust act he conserve the environment and regulated food and medicine
50
What is the suffrage movement who are the leaders of the movement in which section of the country did women first gain the right to vote
The suffrage movement was giving the woman the right to vote Susan B Anthony and Elizabeth Caddy Stanton were the leaders of the suffrage movement and woman in the West were the first to vote
51
Why did America become imperialistic during the late 1800s
For power raw materials and etc.
52
What is imperialism
To take over a foreign nation America became involved in imperialism to expand their foreign trade and power
53
In what section of the world did Theodore Roosevelt State that he would watch over by "speaking softly but carrying a big stick"
Latin America
54
What lands became American territories and protectorates after the Spanish-American war
Puerto Rico Guam and the Philippines
55
List three reasons in order why America got involved in World War I
The Zimmerman telegram (Mexico), the u boat bombings by Germany (Lusitania was sunk by German U-boat) 1.assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
2. World War II begins
3. Sinking Lusitania
4. USA declares war on Germany
56
How was world war one connected to imperialism
European countries were fighting over colonial land while Germany wanted and thought they deserved more land
57
What event ultimately got America out of the Great Depression
World War II got America out of the Great Depression
58
What was America's foreign-policy at the breakout of World War II
America wanted to remain neutral
59
What did the lend lease program of the 1940s do
Was President Roosevelt allowing the US to give supplies to the allies (England France and the Soviet Union)
60
What event immediately got America involved in World War II what date did this occur
The Pearl Harbor bombing got America involved in World War II on December 7, 1941
61
List four different ways Americans at home supported the war effort during World War II
Woman worked in factories ,families grew victory Gardens, families rationed their food and gasoline, and people bought war bonds
62
what group of Americans begin working outside the house during World War II
Woman
63
What effect does the war have on America's economy
The US economy boomed during the war factories made war supplies
64
What ethnic group was relocated during World War II
Japanese-Americans were placed in internment camps due to US fear of Japanese spies ,the 1980s government gave money to Japanese-Americans
65
Why were the Nuremberg trials a significant event following World War II
The leaders of the Nazis were being put on trial after World War II. Held individuals accountable for their actions during wartime
66
What was the name of the event where the Nazis systematically killed people of the Jewish faith
The Holocaust
67
What was the purpose of the United Nations
An organization to maintain peace worldwide
68
What was the purpose of the G.I. Bill of Rights
Provided aid to the US soldiers (loans and education)
69
How did World War II end
World War II ended with the bombing of hiroshima and nagasaki
70
What was the Manhattan Project
the plan to make the first atomic bomb led by Robert Oppenheimer
71
What was the purpose of the Truman doctrine and the marshall plan
Both wanted to prevent the growth of communism and they supplied aid to Europe after World War II
72
Who was Senator Joseph McCarthy
Senator from Wisconsin who accuse over 200 people of communist actions
73
Why was the Cuban missile crisis very stressful moment of the cold war
Soviet leader Khrushchev placed nucleur weapons in cuba pointing towards the us
74
Both the Vietnam and Korean wars were fought to do what
Contain communism
75
Why did many people move to the suburbs during the 1950s
people moved to the suburbs for economic growth and prosperity
76
what was guerrilla warfare in which war did this occur
A type of surprised warfare this method was used by the Viet cong
77
During the civil rights movement what was Rosa Parks most known for
She refused to move to the back of the bus she was arrested she was involved in the Montgomery bus boycott
78
What is civil disobedience
Deliberate violation of segregation laws
79
What famous civil rights leader used civil disobedience during the civil rights movement
Martin Luther King Junior
80
What did the Jim Crow laws passed in the late 1800s do
segregation (or separation of races) in the south
81
Described illegal activity of Nixon's re-election campaign
Five men were caught breaking into the Democratic headquarters in an apartment complex called Watergate Nixon lied about his involvement and tried to cover it up
82
How did Nixon react to the Watergate burglary
Nixon wanted to cover up any connection that the White House had to the burglary
83
How was Nixon involved in the Watergate scandal
President Nixon told lies about the cover-up he was involved in telling the burglars to continue to lie about the situation he paid hush money
84
How did the Watergate scandal impact Nixon's presidency
Congress is ready to bring impeachment charges to Nixon but Nixon resigned from presidency before the impeachment trial
85
How did this event impact America's opinion of the presidency
The American people lost faith in the American government they did not trust the role of the president
86
What type of warfare was introduced during World War I
Trench warfare
87
What Geographic feature helped keep America out of the fighting during World War I
The Atlantic Ocean
88
Why did many African-Americans migrate to the northern cities during World War I
Many African-Americans left the south to look for jobs there were more job opportunities in the north they escaped from racism
89
How did the United States start limiting immigration to the United States following World War I
Quota laws :the government would only allow certain number of immigrants from each country per year
90
How did America prove that they wanted to be isolationist after World War I
The United States did not join the league of Nations after World War I
91
What was the significance of the Harlem Renaissance
It was a growth in art,music, and literature for African-Americans
92
What did Supreme Court case Plessy versus Ferguson do
Declared separate but equal was constitutional Ida B wells wrote articles to fight for rights and about lynching
93
What was prohibition why was it failure in the 1920s
Prohibition was an amendment which made the sale and consumption of alcohol illegal it failed because the government could not control the social actions and desires of the people
94
What did W.E.B Dubois and Booker T. Washington believe in
Fair rights for African-Americans
95
Which braces organization peaked in power during the 1920s
The Ku Klux Klan
96
List three causes of the stock market crash of October 1929
1.buying on margin 2.people bought Stocks on credit 3.the failure of the banking system banks gave out too many loans and people could not pay them back
97
What were fireside chats
Radio broadcast Hosted by Roosevelt to calm and reassure the american public
98
How did people spending habits of the 1920s influence the start of the great depression
Buying on credit people bought items with money they didn't have ,buying stocks on margin,and many farmers and factory workers could no longer pay their debt
99
What were Hooverville's during the Great Depression
Poor towns and homes during the Great Depression named after President Herbert Hoover
100
What was the new deal how did it try to combat the great depression
programs funded by the federal government to provide jobs for the American people (work relief program)
101
Why did some Americans oppose the new deal
Some people thought the new deal was overstepping the power of the government they thought it was against the free enterprise system
102
What was the purpose of the Social Security act
Help the disabled and elderly of America meet their financial aid at a certain age
103
The invention of the steel plow,the passage of the Homestead act,and the completion of the transcontinental railroad all contributed to the
Development of the great plains
104
The Populist party was important in the united states history because
Proposed ideas that later became law
105
In the late 1800s many business practices of the railroads led to
An increase in the demand for government regulation
106
Party platform that called for government ownership of railroads, telegraph and telephone companies
Populists
107
The Supreme Court decision in munn versus Illinois favored who?
Farmers
108
An association that buys and sells products for its members
Cooperative
109
What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights
Protect citizens from abuses by the federal government
110
The writers of the United States Constitution created a federal form of government primarily to
Divide power between levels of government
111
A democratic government differs most from a dictatorship in that
The people of the democratic government have a real say in how it runs
112
An important principle of United States Constitution is that
Limit should be placed on governmental power
113
As a basis of government in United States the federal Constitution has been successful because it is
Flexible and can be changed
114
A tax on imports from other countries
A tariff
115
Federalism is a system of government based on
division of powers between levels of government
116
The discovery of a way to produce inexpensive high-quality steel
Bessemer steel process
117
In the late 19th century the federal government needed the growth of the transcontinental railroad by
Providing free land for laying railroad tracks
118
The Dawes act of 1887 granted farmland to Native American Indians as part of the plan to
Assimilate them into American society
119
One result of the westward expansion of the United States after 1865 was
Native Americans were forced onto reservations
120
A law authorizing the government to regulate railroads which cross state lines
Interstate commerce act
121
One factor that furthered industrialization in the US between 1865 in 1900 was
Expansion of the railroads
122
Economic system in which businesses compete for profits
Capitalism
123
The main purpose of the Sherman antitrust act of 1890 was to
Restricts the growth of monopolies
124
Which time period Was characterized by sharecropping, Jim Crow laws ,and the establishment of the Ku Klux Klan
Reconstruction
125
The ruling in Brown versus the Board of Education of Topeka in 1954 was considered a Lenmark civil rights decision because
the Supreme Court declared that separate but equal is unconstitutional, public school segregation is unconstitutional
126
This person was the total opposite of Martin Luther King believed that violence was the only way to gain rights for blacks
Malcolm x
127
President George bushes decision to send troops to the Persian Gulf region in 1990 illustrates the president's constitutional power as
Commander in chief
128
Supreme Court decisions in Dred Scott versus Sanford ,Korematsu versus United States, and Brown versus Board of Education all dealt with the
Rights of minorities
129
You could describe President Lyndon Johnson's great Society program as
A war on poverty
