final Flashcards
1
Q
exogamy
A
PEOPLE OUTSIDDE MARRING
2
Q
ENDOGAMY
A
PEOPLE INSIDE MARRING
3
Q
horticulture
A
is cultivation that makes intensive use of none of the factors of production: land, labor, capital, and machinery.
4
Q
horticulturalist
A
use simple tools. such as hoes and digging sticks
5
Q
agriculture
A
requires more labor then horticulture does because it uses land intensively and continuously
6
Q
pastoral nomadism
A
the entire group man and woman, and children moves with animals through out the year, middle east and north Africa
7
Q
transhumance
A
part of group moves with heard but most people stay in the home. Europe Africa
8
Q
means of production
A
land, labor and technogly
9
Q
market
A
items bought and sold using money with an eye to maximize profit and the vaule is determined by supply and demand impersonal
10
Q
redistribution
A
operates when goods, services, or their equivalent move from the local level to a center
11
Q
reciprocity
A
exchange between social equals, three degrees of reciprocity generalized, balanced, and negative.. leadership
12
Q
three degrees of reciprocity
A
generalized reciprocity- the purest one, exchanges betewwn close people.gives and gets nothing back
13
Q
balanced reciprocity
A
social distance increases as the need to reciprotcate gives and receive gift back
14
Q
negative reciprocity
A
social distance is the greatest and reciprocation is most calculated gives zsomething back fast
15
Q
power vs authority
A
POWER IS THE ABILITY TO EXCERCISE ONES WILL OVER OTHERS authority is the formal socially approved used of power
16
Q
big man
A
always male, in charge can have supporters in more then one village
17
Q
chief
A
don’t work like big men, return what they earn status based on seniority of decent
18
Q
roles of state
A
population control, judiciary, enforcement, fiscal report
19
Q
weapons of the weak
A
public transcript- open public interactions with superordinate’s and subordinates. hidden transcript- out of sight of power holders.
20
Q
nuclear family
A
impermanent, it last as the parents and children remain together
21
Q
family of orientation
A
the family in you are born and grow up
22
Q
family of procreation
A
when you marry and have children
23
Q
extended family
A
three or more generations
24
Q
decent group
A
is permanent social unit who have common ancestry
25
pastrillneal decent
have lifetime with fathers group
26
matrilineal decent
join mothers group at birth and stay their through out life
27
lineage
demonstrated descent
28
clans
stipulated descent
29
incest
refers to sex with relative
30
bride wealth
a gift before or at or after the marriage from husband to wife and kin
31
progeny price
children who are permanently transferred to the husbands group
32
dowry
is marital exchange in which the brides family provides substantial gifts when daughter marries
33
polygamy
common marriage
34
polygyny
man has more then one wife
35
polyandry
wife has more then one husband
36
sororate
man marries dead wife sister
37
levirate
widow marries bother
38
gender roles
are takes given because of sex
39
transgender
born man want to be woman
40
communitas
an intense community sprit a feeling of equality and togetherness
41
animism
soul to things like plants, tylor 1871, dreams of afer life
42
mana
a scared impersonal force existing in the world
43
magic
refers to supernatural techniques to do certain things, magical actions, spells, formulas, offerings, and incantations. anxity and control
44
rituals
formal, stereotyped, they include liturgical orders words and actions invented prior to the current performance
45
rites of passage
individual or collective. transition from one place or stage of life to the other
46
liminality
always has certain characteristics. not normal
47
revitalization movements
social movements that occur in times of change in which religious leaders emerge and undertake to alter society.
48
cargo cults
revitalization movements
49
world system
social system based on wealth and power differentials extends beyond individual countries
50
colonialism
IS THE POLITCAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL DOMINATION OF A TERRITORY AND ITS PEOPLE BY A FOREIGN POWER FOR EXTENED TIME
51
postcolonial
refers to the study of the interactions between the European nations and the societies they colonized
52
development anthropohly
focus on issues economic development
53
consumption
gendered, related to distribution
54
states
all people are subject to
55
navajo
hunter-gathers, hoticlture from pueblo pastoralism from Spanish horticulturalists
56
headmen and women
lead by example, kinship plays role power not aurthiority. yan- man murk is both
57
arapesh
American gender expectations
58
mundugumor
both men and women acts as men
59
biology of sex
biological assignment based on genetics
60
sexuality
gender roles and sex behavior vary
61
intersexual
two spirit (berdache) the blessed curse animism spiritual equality
62
ritual homosexuality
etoro and sambia
63
animatism
impersonal supernatural force, marett 1909
64
three types of rituals
everyday, like sports calendrical, like holidays rite of passage
65
cosmologies
attempts to explain origins through symbols, stories establishes order among things
66
pedestrian
follow a territory elders control spiritual, hunting smoking
67
aquatic
men engage in higher risk behavior, inuit murik
68
equestrian
portable architecture, larger communities, native American Midwest
69
ashanti
200 chiefs, most prominent, status marked in dress ritual and political authority
70
Agro industrialism
larger monocarps, produce surplus, corporate farms, mechanized production, link to urbanization
71
unilineal
patrilineal, matrilineal
72
medical ant
naturalistic disease theories personalitic theories social construction of illness
73
millenarianism
belief in a coming ideal society and especially one created by revolutionary action
74
syncretism
: the combination of different forms of belief or practice
75
innovation
the introduction of something new
76
acculturation
cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture
77
PEOPLE OUTSIDDE MARRING
exogamy
78
PEOPLE INSIDE MARRING
ENDOGAMY
79
is cultivation that makes intensive use of none of the factors of production: land, labor, capital, and machinery.
horticulture
80
use simple tools. such as hoes and digging sticks
horticulturalist
81
requires more labor then horticulture does because it uses land intensively and continuously
agriculture
82
the entire group man and woman, and children moves with animals through out the year, middle east and north Africa
pastoral nomadism
83
part of group moves with heard but most people stay in the home. Europe Africa
transhumance
84
land, labor and technogly
means of production
85
items bought and sold using money with an eye to maximize profit and the vaule is determined by supply and demand impersonal
market
86
operates when goods, services, or their equivalent move from the local level to a center
redistribution
87
exchange between social equals, three degrees of reciprocity generalized, balanced, and negative.. leadership
reciprocity
88
generalized reciprocity- the purest one, exchanges betewwn close people.gives and gets nothing back
three degrees of reciprocity
89
social distance increases as the need to reciprotcate gives and receive gift back
balanced reciprocity
90
social distance is the greatest and reciprocation is most calculated gives zsomething back fast
negative reciprocity
91
POWER IS THE ABILITY TO EXCERCISE ONES WILL OVER OTHERS authority is the formal socially approved used of power
power vs authority
92
always male, in charge can have supporters in more then one village
big man
93
don't work like big men, return what they earn status based on seniority of decent
chief
94
population control, judiciary, enforcement, fiscal report
roles of state
95
public transcript- open public interactions with superordinate's and subordinates. hidden transcript- out of sight of power holders.
weapons of the weak
96
impermanent, it last as the parents and children remain together
nuclear family
97
the family in you are born and grow up
family of orientation
98
when you marry and have children
family of procreation
99
three or more generations
extended family
100
is permanent social unit who have common ancestry
decent group
101
have lifetime with fathers group
pastrillneal decent
102
join mothers group at birth and stay their through out life
matrilineal decent
103
demonstrated descent
lineage
104
stipulated descent
clans
105
refers to sex with relative
incest
106
a gift before or at or after the marriage from husband to wife and kin
bride wealth
107
children who are permanently transferred to the husbands group
progeny price
108
is marital exchange in which the brides family provides substantial gifts when daughter marries
dowry
109
common marriage
polygamy
110
man has more then one wife
polygyny
111
wife has more then one wife
polyandry
112
man marries dead wife sister
sororate
113
widow marries bother
levirate
114
are takes given because of sex
gender roles
115
born man want to be woman
transgender
116
an intense community sprit a feeling of equality and togetherness
communitas
117
soul to things like plants, tylor 1871, dreams of afer life
animism
118
a scared impersonal force existing in the world
mana
119
refers to supernatural techniques to do certain things, magical actions, spells, formulas, offerings, and incantations. anxity and control
magic
120
formal, stereotyped, they include liturgical orders words and actions invented prior to the current performance
rituals
121
individual or collective. transition from one place or stage of life to the other
rites of passage
122
always has certain characteristics. not normal
liminality
123
social movements that occur in times of change in which religious leaders emerge and undertake to alter society.
revitalization movements
124
revitalization movements
cargo cults
125
social system based on wealth and power differentials extends beyond individual countries
world system
126
IS THE POLITCAL SOCIAL ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL DOMINATION OF A TERRITORY AND ITS PEOPLE BY A FOREIGN POWER FOR EXTENED TIME
colonialism
127
refers to the study of the interactions between the European nations and the societies they colonized
postcolonial
128
focus on issues economic development
development anthropohly
129
gendered, related to distribution
consumption
130
all people are subject to
states
131
hunter-gathers, hoticlture from pueblo pastoralism from Spanish horticulturalists
navajo
132
lead by example, kinship plays role power not aurthiority. yan- man murk is both
headmen and women
133
American gender expectations
arapesh
134
both men and women acts as men
mundugumor
135
biological assignment based on genetics
biology of sex
136
gender roles and sex behavior vary
sexuality
137
two spirit (berdache) the blessed curse animism spiritual equality
intersexual
138
etoro and sambia
ritual homosexuality
139
impersonal supernatural force, marett 1909
animatism
140
everyday, like sports calendrical, like holidays rite of passage
three types of rituals
141
attempts to explain origins through symbols, stories establishes order among things
cosmologies
142
follow a territory elders control spiritual, hunting smoking
pedestrian
143
men engage in higher risk behavior, inuit murik
aquatic
144
portable architecture, larger communities, native American Midwest
equestrian
145
200 chiefs, most prominent, status marked in dress ritual and political authority
ashanti
146
larger monocarps, produce surplus, corporate farms, mechanized production, link to urbanization
Agro industrialism
147
patrilineal, matrilineal
unilineal
148
naturalistic disease theories personalitic theories social construction of illness
medical ant
149
belief in a coming ideal society and especially one created by revolutionary action
millenarianism
150
: the combination of different forms of belief or practice
syncretism
151
the introduction of something new
innovation
152
cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture
acculturation
153
Do men dominate women in all societies
goldberg endicott, goldbereg yes men do. endicott no men do not
154
does the distance between the natural and supernatural exist
lohmann and lamp lohmann says yes lamp no
155
is conflict beteewn different ethnic groups inevitable
kakar oberscall karkar yes oberscall no
156
do native people today invent traditions
kessing yes trask no
157
did naplleon chagnon research methods harm the yanomami indians of venezuela
turner yes hagen,price,tooby no gold miners
158
was margaret meads fieldwoerk on samoan adolescents fundamentally flawed
freemen yes holmes no
159
are humans inherently violoeent
