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cmpn 317 > final > Flashcards

final Flashcards

1
Q

A to D for

A

analog input

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2
Q

D to A for

A

analog output

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3
Q

analog in

A

8 or 16

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4
Q

analog out

A

8

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5
Q

digital in

A

16

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6
Q

digital output

A

8

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7
Q

mixed module

A

4 analog in, 2 d in, 1 d out, 2 a out

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8
Q

AC to DC

A

bridge rectifier- 2 or 4 diodes

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9
Q

IED

A

intelligent electronic device

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10
Q

types of comm in scada

A

radio, ethernet, tcp/ip, cellular, serial

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11
Q

Dry Contact

A

power supplied from the terminal strip on the card.

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12
Q

Isolated

A

power supplied from an external power supply.

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13
Q

currently used power sources

A

dc battery, natural gas fuel cell, TEG: Thermoelectric Generator A device that converts heat into electricity, Solar Panels

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14
Q

UPS system

A

(Uninterruptible Power Supply) used in mission critical devices

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15
Q

surge protector

A

designed to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes

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16
Q

causes of leaks in a pipeline

A

Pipeline corrosion and wear,

Operation outside of design limits, Unintentional third party damage, Intentional damage

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17
Q

Failure to detect leaks can be broken into 4 loss categories

A

Loss of life and property
Loss of product and downtime to fix pipeline
Environmental impact
Fines and legal suits

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18
Q

methods used in detection of gas and/or oil leaks

A 
Physical inspection of the area
Add an odorant
Line flow calculations
Line pressure measurement
Noise detection
Pigging
Computer based
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19
Q

PIG

A

Pipeline Inspection Gauge

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20
Q

pigging Purposes

A

Utility pigs – clean the pipeline of debris or seal the pipeline
Cleaning – remove solids or semi-solid deposits
Inspecting
Monitoring
Batch separation

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21
Q

Which pipelines cannot be pigged?

A

pipelines with butterfly valve because valve size is smaller than pipe size.

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22
Q

types of pigs

A 
Steel 
Urethane
Urethane and neoprene
Spheres (foam, solid, inflatable)
Gel
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23
Q

aga 7

A

Measurement of gas by axial-flow turbine meters

24
Q

aga 3

A

measurement of gas by orifice metering

25
Q

typical network configurations for wireless telemetry

A

Point-to-point

Point-to-multi-point

26
Q

half-duplex

A

Advantages
Data gathering is simple
No collisions can occur on the network
Link failure is easily detected

Disadvantages
Interrupt type request from a slave requesting immediate action cannot be handled
Waiting time increases with the number of slaves
All communication between slaves have to pass through the master with added complexity

27
Q

Interrupt system (Report by Exception)

A

Advantages
System reduces unnecessary transfer of data as in polled systems
Quick detection of urgent status information
Allows slave-to-slave communication
Disadvantages
Master may only detect a link failure after a period of time and only when system is polled
Operator action is needed to have the latest values
Collision of data may occur and may cause delay in the communication

28
Q

Query and Response

A

The entity asking the questions (query) is the MTU and the entity providing the answers(response) is the RTU

29
Q

Microwave

A

transmitting data over radio waves whose wavelengths are measured in small numbers of centimetre

30
Q

UHF

A

Ultra high Frequency

31
Q

VHF

A

Very High Frequency

32
Q

scanning

A

process of sequentially reading the inputs, executing the program in memory, and updating the outputs

1 read
2 program execution
3 communication
4 output scan

33
Q

SCAN TIME

A

time it takes to implement a scan cycle 1-200 ms

34
Q

Selecting a PLC

A 
Number of logical inputs and outputs. 
  Memory 
  Number of special I/O modules 
  Scan Time 
  Communications 
  Software
35
Q

Detailed Design Process

A
  1. Understand the process
  2. Hardware/software selection
  3. Develop ladder logic
  4. Determine scan times and memory requirements
36
Q

Media Access Control

A

Generic term for a technique within a communication protocol that permits or denies access to the physical communication medium

37
Q

HDLC

A

High-Level Data Link Control

38
Q

SDLC

A

synchronous data link control

39
Q

ADCCP

A

advanced data communication

control procedure

40
Q

two most common modes of operation of HDLC

A

Unbalanced normal response mode (NRM)

Asynchronous balanced mode (ABM)

41
Q

Causes of errors

A
  • Attenuation
  • Limited bandwidth
  • Delay distortion
  • Noise
42
Q

Max Transfer Rate (bps)

A

2 B log M
where:
B is the bandwidth in hertz
M is the number of levels per signaling element.

43
Q

Signal to Noise Ratio

A

10 log S/N dB

44
Q

Distributed network protocol(DNP) layers

A

Datalink layer
Transport layer
Application layer

45
Q

Internal noise

A

Thermal noise – due to electron movement through the circuit
• Imperfections in circuit design
• Stray signals from oscillators and amplifiers
• Intermodulation of stray low level RF produced by internal circuits

46
Q

External noise

A

Natural origins – electrostatic interference, electrical storms
• Electromagnetic interference (EMI)
• Radio frequency interference (RFI)
• Crosstalk

47
Q

Sources of interference and noise on cables

A

electrostatic (capacitive)

coupling, magnetic (inductive) coupling and resistive coupling.

48
Q

Practical methods of reducing noise and interference on

cables

A 
Shielding and twisting wires
Cable spacing
Tray spacing
Earthing and grounding requirements
Specific areas to focus on
49
Q

Network topologies

A

Bus topology
Star topology
Ring topology

50
Q

Media Access methods

A

Contention systems
Token passing
Ethernet

51
Q

Contention systems

A

first-come-first-served

52
Q

Network interconnection components

A
  • Repeaters
  • Bridges
  • Routers
  • Gateways
  • Hubs
  • Switches
53
Q

Radio Modems

A

Work in 400-900 MHz band

54
Q

modbus & profibus

A

analog

55
Q

foundation field bus

A

discrete

56
Q

hart

A

analog + discrete

cmpn 317 (1 decks)

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