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Invert. Zoo. > Final Chapters > Flashcards

Final Chapters Flashcards

1
Q

Cryptobiosis

A

Tardigrades

Suspended animation

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2
Q

Onychorphora

A

Phyla mixed Arthropoda and annelids

Walking worms

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3
Q

Nematomorpha

A 
Horsehair worms 
Adults lack digestive system
Freshwater
Parasitic on insect
Larva infects partenic host
Partenic host eaten
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4
Q

Priapulida

A

Marine
Chitin cuticle
Abundant fossils in Burgess Shale

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5
Q

Nematoda (general traits)

A 
Classification closer to arthropods
**amphids: chemosensory organ
Diffusion gas exchange
Hard cuticle "head"
Ganglia "brain" 
   -Anterior nerve cluster
Ocelli for light detection
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6
Q

Nematoda (reproduction)

A 
Sexual
Sperm is amoeboid not flagellated
Chromosome dimunation
  -only gonads retain all genetic material
Eutely growth:
  -keep a certain number of cells
   Growth as cells get larger
4 juvenile molts
Immature resemble adults
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7
Q

Ascaris lumbridiodes

A

Parasitic nematode
Intestine -> blood -> lungs -> pharynx -> stomach -> egg in feces

Lung damage
Intestinal blockage

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8
Q

Wucheria bancrofti

A

Parasitic nematode
Filarial (threadlike)
Matures in lymph nodes -> microfilariae in blood stream -> mosquito vector -> hatch in mosquito -> juveniles infect host

Elaphantitus

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9
Q

Dirifilaria immitis

A

Parasitic nematode

Dog heartworm
Do not survive in humans well
Mosquito vector

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10
Q

Dracunculus medinesis

A

Parasitic nematode

Female sticks end out of skin -> freshwater larvae -> intermediate host on copepods -> ingested untreated water

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11
Q

C. Elegans

A

Beneficial nematode

Used for protein studies

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12
Q

Steinernema

A

Beneficial Parasitic nematode

Infects insect pests

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13
Q

Gastrotricha

A

Phyla uncertain affiliation

Marine/freshwater
Herbivore/detrivore
Parthogenic reproduction

Swamp/marsh

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14
Q

Cycliphoria

A

Phyla uncertain affiliation

Only found on lobster mouth

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15
Q

Chaetognatha

A

Phyla uncertain affiliation

Arrow worms
Marine
Planktonic
Fins spines for prey feeding
Developed nervous system
Hermaphrodites
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16
Q

Lophophorate

A

Lophophore:
-rigid tissue around mouth w/ 1-2 rows cilliated tentacles for respiration and food

All coelomates

Sessile suspension feeders on plankton

17
Q

Branchiopoda

A

Lophophorate

-looks like clam/bivalve

Articulate and inarticulate

18
Q

Articulate Branchiopoda

A

Lophophorate

Free floating
75% Branchiopoda
Calcium carbonate shell
Held together by tooth and socket

19
Q

Inarticulate Branchiopoda

A

Lophophorate

Attached Branchiopoda
Attached to pedicle or stalk
Shell of calcium phosphate
Held together by muscles

20
Q

Bryozoa

A

Lophophorate

**module
Formed colonies from asexual reproduction

21
Q

Phylactolmaemata

A

Lophophorate

Class
Freshwater Bryozoa

Chitin cover
**staloblast: resistant structure

22
Q

Echinoderm (general characteristic)

A

Deuterostome

Larvae: bilateral sym
Adult: radial sym

Water vascular system
Sieve plate
Tube feet
Internal calcareous skeleton

23
Q

Echinoderm (reproduction)

A

Sexually

Multiple gonads
(Starfish have gonads in each arm)

External fertilization

Ciliated larvae

24
Q

Crinoidea

A

Class of echinoderm

Sea lilies
Oldest group
Has stalk
Extended **pinules** in water for feeding
Tube feet not for locomotion
Attached or swimming
25
Q

Stelleroidea

A

Class of echinoderm

Brittle stars/sea stars
**pedicellariae**: jaw like appendage
Top predator
Appendage can break off for evasion
Harmful to reefs
2 stomachs
  -cardiac stomach: everted to digest prey
26
Q

Echinoidea

A

Class of echinoderm

Sea urchin/sand dollar
Calcareous plates joined spherical shell
aristotles lantern: system of plates and muscles in urchins
-Protruded to scrape algae or grind mollusk

27
Q

Holothuroidea

A

Class of echinoderm

Sea cucumber
Worm shape body
Flexible lack of calcareous plates
Taste bad

28
Q

Hemichordata

A

Phylum

Sister group to echinoderm
*deuterostome
Marine
Gill slits and nerve chord
No: notochord or true tail
Live in benthic tube
descendent of extinct **graptolites
29
Q

Xenoturbella

A

Phyla

No organs
Found only coasts of Scotland/Sweden

30
Q

Non-vertebrate chordates (general characteristics)

A

Big 4 chordate characteristics:

  • notochord
  • nerve chord
  • gill slits
  • postanal tail

Contains all 3 germ layers

31
Q

Urochordata

A

Subphylum of non-vert chordates

Tunicates 
No parasitic species
*marine
No fossil record
Sessile filter feed
Only larva have chordate characteristics 
^^^tadpoles
32
Q

Cephalochordata

A

Subphylum of non-vert chordates

Lancelets

*marine coastal
Adults have all 4 characteristics

**closest relative to vertebrates

33
Q

Tardigrades

A

Water bears

Chitin cuticle

Invert. Zoo. (3 decks)

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