FINAL: chromium

Question 1

Cr found in

Answer 1

air
water
soil

Question 2

most stable form of Cr

Answer 2

Cr3+

Question 3

Cr exists in many

Answer 3

oxidation states

Question 4

Cr likes to bind to

Answer 4

N, O, S

Question 5

food sources Cr

Answer 5

beef
fish
poultry
dairy
(similar to iron)

Question 6

Cr absorption

Answer 6

released from foods by acid digestion
likely passive diffusion

Question 7

Cr fractional absorption

Answer 7

0.4-2.5%
low like iron

Question 8

increased Cr = __ absorption

Answer 8

increased Cr = decreased absorption

Question 9

enhancers of Cr absorption

Answer 9

vit C
lipophilic compounds

Question 10

inhibitors of Cr absorption

Answer 10

neutral or high pH
antacids
phytic acid

Question 11

Cr transporters

Answer 11

transferrin (Tf)
albumin
globulins and lipoproteins

Question 12

Cr is delivered to tissues by __ and stored with __ in __

Answer 12

Cr is delivered to tissues by transferrin and stored with iron in ferritin

Question 13

Cr is found in what tissues

Answer 13

solid, muscly tissues
kidney
muscle
spleen
heart

Question 14

__% urinary excretion

Answer 14

95% urinary excretion

Question 15

functions of Cr

Answer 15

enhances insulin action

Question 16

Cr and insulin action

Answer 16

Cr-binding protein (Chromodulin) binds to insulin receptor and enhances kinase acitivity

Question 17

Cr and human health

Answer 17

improves glucose control in T2DM
weight loss and body composition changes

BOTH controversial