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Nursing (LHL) > FINAL COACHING > Flashcards

FINAL COACHING Flashcards

1
Q

CELLULITIS

  • Bacterial infection –> ______ & ______
  • commonly affects dermis and subcutaneous tissues
  • usually affects lower extremities

T_____

R_____

S_____

H_____

  • Hotness: ____ compress
  • Antibiotic: _______
  • MRSA: _______
A
  • strep/staph
  • tenderness, redness, swelling, hotness
  • warm compress
  • methicillin
  • trimethoprim (bactrim)
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2
Q

Pathognomotic signs:

  • hydrocephalus:
  • Inc ICP:
  • MG:
  • Leptospirosis:
  • Grave’s disease:
  • leprosy:
  • SLE:
  • tetanus:
  • diphtheria:
  • pernicious anemia:
  • kawasaki disease:
  • measles:
  • german measles:
  • pneumonia:
  • PTB:
A
  • hydrocephalus: sun setting eyes
  • Inc ICP: cushing’s triad
  • MG: ptosis
  • Leptospirosis: orange eyes
  • Grave’s disease: exophthalmos
  • leprosy: lionine facies
  • SLE: butterfly rash
  • tetanus: lock jaw
  • diphtheria: pseudomembrane
  • pernicious anemia: red beefy tongue
  • kawasaki disease: strawberry tongue/rosie tongue
  • measles: koplik’s spots
  • german measles: forchheimer spots
  • pneumonia: rusty sputum
  • PTB: low grade afternoon fever

​

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3
Q

Pathognomotic signs:

  • angina:
  • abdominal aortic aneurysm:
  • dengue:
  • malaria:
  • cirrhosis:
  • pancreatitis:
  • cholecystitis:
  • thyphoid fever:
  • cholera:
  • gout:
  • GBS:
  • Parkinson’s:
  • MS:
  • Cataract:
  • Glaucoma
  • Retinal detachment:
A
  • angina: levine’s sign
  • abdominal aortic aneurysm: pulsating abdominal mass
  • dengue: petichial rash
  • malaria: chills
  • cirrhosis: spider angiomas
  • pancreatitis: cullen’s sign, grey turner’s sign
  • cholecystitis: murphey’s sign
  • thyphoid fever: rose spots
  • cholera: rice watery stools
  • gout: tophi
  • GBS: ascending paralysis
  • Parkinson’s: pill rolling tremor
  • MS: charcot’s triad (nystagmus, intention tremor, scanning/staccato speech)
  • Cataract: hazy/cloudy vision
  • Glaucoma: tunnel vision
  • Retinal detachment: curtain-like veil
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4
Q

POISON IVY

  • Red rash: __ - __ hours after contact

> soap & water, before s/sx, can remove the chemicals

  • usually treated with ________ ointment
  • Fever and pus: ________
  • Tx: _______: worst case scenario
A
  • 12-17 hours after contact
  • steroid oitnments
  • antibiotic
  • prednisone
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5
Q

Characteristic of Herpes Zoster?

Treatment?

A
  • clustered skin vesicles, unilateral, itchy and painful
  • Acyclovir
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6
Q

Pressure Ulcer Staging:

I:

II:

III:

IV:

A

Pressure Ulcer Staging:

I: skin intact - inflammation

II: ulcerations

III: muscles

IV: bones

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7
Q

Degree of burns:

A
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8
Q

Fluid Resuscitation in burn patients:

  • Solution: plain LR
  • Parkland Formula: ______
  • First 8 hours: _____

8: ______
8: ______

A
  • Parkland Formula: 4 ml x (wt in KG) x TBSA(%)
  • First 8 hours: 50%

8: 25%
8: 25%

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9
Q

TBSA calculation

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10
Q

RA or OA?

  • inflammatory?
  • degenerative?
  • kagagamit kaya nasira?
  • autoimmune?
  • systemic?
  • wear and tear joint disorder?
  • heberden’s bouchard’s?
  • morning stiffness?
  • swan neck deformity?
  • swimming as exercise?
  • ROM exercise?
  • symmetrical joint disorder?
  • assymetrical?
  • direct injection of corticosteroids?
  • NSAIDs or aspirin?
A

RA or OA?

  • inflammatory? RA
  • degenerative? OA
  • kagagamit kaya nasira? OA
  • autoimmune? RA
  • systemic? RA
  • wear and tear joint disorder? OA
  • heberden’s, bouchard’s? OA
  • morning stiffness? RA
  • swan neck deformity? RA
  • swimming as exercise? OA
  • ROM exercise? RA
  • symmetrical joint disorder? RA
  • assymetrical? OA
  • direct injection of corticosteroids? OA
  • NSAIDs or aspirin? RA
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11
Q

Antidotes?

  1. ​morphine
  2. magnesium sulfate
  3. hyperkalemia
  4. beta adrenergc blockers
  5. calcium channel blockers
  6. acetaminophen poisoning
  7. lead poisoning
  8. heparin
  9. coumadin
  10. opiate addiction
  11. digitalis toxicity
  12. alcohol abuse
  13. mysthenic crisis
  14. cholinergic crisis
  15. diazepam
  16. hemosiderosis (iron overload)
A
  1. ​morphine = NALOXONE
  2. magnesium sulfate = CALCIUM GLUCONATE
  3. hyperkalemia = CALCIUM GLUCONATE
  4. beta adrenergc blockers = GLUCAGON
  5. calcium channel blockers = GLUCAGON
  6. acetaminophen poisoning = MUCOMYST (ACETYLCYSTEIN)
  7. lead poisoning = EDTA
  8. heparin = PROTAMINE SULFATE
  9. coumadin = VIT. K
  10. opiate addiction = MATHADONE
  11. digitalis toxicity = DIGIBIND
  12. alcohol abuse = DISULFIRAM
  13. mysthenic crisis = CHOLINERGIC
  14. cholinergic crisis = ANTI-CHOLINERGIC (ATROPINE)
  15. diazepam = FLUMAZENIL (ROMAZICON)
  16. hemosiderosis (iron overload) = DESFERAL (DEFEROXAMINE MESYLATE)
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12
Q

POSITIONING CHEAT SHEET (UDAN)

  1. after liver biopsy
  2. ptx with increased ICP
  3. after kidney biopsy
  4. after tonsillectomy
  5. after pantopaque (oil-based myelography)
  6. after metrizamide (water-based myelography)
  7. after UGI endoscopy
  8. during colonoscopy
  9. after incisional cholecystectomy
  10. patient with MI
  11. Patient with CHF
  12. ptx with supratentorial craniotomy
  13. ptx with infratentorial craniotomy
  14. during gastrostomy feeding
  15. during change of IV tubing
A
  1. after liver biopsy = RIGHT SIDE-LYING
  2. ptx with increased ICP = SEMI-FOWLER’S, HOB @15-30°, MAX 45
  3. after kidney biopsy = SUPINE
  4. after tonsillectomy = LATERAL
  5. after pantopaque (oil-based myelography) = FLAT/SUPINE
  6. after metrizamide (water-based myelography) = SEMI-FOWLER’S
  7. after UGI endoscopy = LATERAL/SIDE-LYING
  8. during colonoscopy LEFT LATERAL
  9. after incisional cholecystectomy = SEMI-FOWLERS
  10. patient with MI = SEMI-FOWLERS
  11. Patient with CHF = HIGH-FOWLERS
  12. ptx with supratentorial craniotomy = SEMI-FOWLERS
  13. ptx with infratentorial craniotomy = FLAT
  14. during gastrostomy feeding = SEMI-FOWLERS
  15. during change of IV tubing = TRENDELENBURG
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13
Q

The Change Process

  1. perceive the need for change.
  2. ***** Initiate a group interaction.
  3. Implement plan ONE STEP at a time – gradually.
  4. Evaluate over all results.
A
  1. perceive the need for change.
  • identify problem!
  • acceptance for need to change
  1. ***** Initiate a group interaction.
    * key is the GROUP!!!!! (Do not confront staff indiv. –> always grp. unless isa lang na staff ang may problem, then confidentially.
  2. Implement plan ONE STEP at a time – gradually.
  3. Evaluate over all results. [Go back to 2 aspects of directing: TECHNICAL vs INTERPERSONAL]
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14
Q

2 ASPECTS OF DIRECTING

  • Technical: T.P.M.E.
  • Interpersonal: A.B.S.
A
  • Technical: T.P.M.E.
    • ​Tasks, procedures, materials & equipments
  • Interpersonal: A.B.S.
    • ​Attitudes, beliefs, & styles of direction giving

ANSWERS:

Technical: Show, teach, demonstrate, supervise, do/perform with the nurse

Inetrpersonal: VERBALIZATION of feelings, Talk to……, Confront…….

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15
Q

4 POINTERS OF DELEGATION:

  1. Position
  2. Ward
  3. Capabilities of staff
  4. Condition of the ptx
A
  1. Position – LICENSED OR UNLICENSED
    • Unlicensed = simple tasks
    • Licensed = what ward siya galing? Condition of the patient?
  2. Ward – SAAN GALING AT SAAN PUPUNTA?
  3. Capabilities of staff – depends on the POSITION and WARD of the staff
  4. Condition of the ptx
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16
Q
A
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17
Q

PRESUMPTIVE vs PROBABLE vs POSITIVE?

  1. braxton hicks
  2. breast changes
  3. (+) pregnancy test
  4. goodell’s sign
  5. FHT
  6. urinary changes
  7. Chloasma
  8. Ballotement
  9. (+) UTZ
  10. Melasma
  11. Nausea and Vomiting
  12. movement felt by examiner
  13. Chadwick’s sign
  14. thinning of the uterus
  15. Amenorrhea
  16. Quickening
A
  1. braxton hicks - PROBABLE
  2. breast changes PRESUMPTIVE
  3. (+) pregnancy test PROBABLE
  4. goodell’s sign PROBABLE
  5. FHT POSITIVE
  6. urinary changes PRESUMPTIVE
  7. Chloasma PRESUMPTIVE
  8. Ballotement PROBABLE
  9. (+) UTZ - POSITIVE
  10. Melasma PRESUMPTIVE
  11. Nausea and Vomiting PRESUMPTIVE
  12. movement felt by examiner POSITIVE
  13. Chadwick’s sign PROBABLE
  14. thinning of the uterus PROBABLE
  15. Amenorrhea PRESUMPTIVE
  16. Quickening PRESUMPTIVE
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18
Q

GTPAL

Gravida:

Term:

Preterm:

Abortion:

Living:

A

GTPAL

Gravida: # of pregnancies

Term: 37 wks and above (per preg)

Preterm: < 37 wks (per preg)

Abortion: < 20 wks (per preg)

Living: BUHAY (per head)

** PARA: have reached the age of viability (20 wks) and ARE DELIVERED

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19
Q

CERVICAL CANCER

I -

II -

III -

IV -

V -

C. U. R. E.

A

I - normal

II - Inflammation –> hospital, bawal IE

III - mild to moderate dysplasia –> bawal ang f word (sex)

IV - probably malignant

V - possibly malignant (maliit daliri, slimmest chance of living)

c = CHEMOTHERAPY

U = UPERA

R = RADIATION

E = EMOTIONAL SUPPORT

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20
Q

TYPES OF ABORTION

  1. Threatened
  2. Imminent
  3. Complete
  4. Incomplete
  5. Therapeutic
  6. Induced
A

SEE PICS

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21
Q

Phase of Labor

LAT

  1. Latent - (0-3 cm), mother is able to communicate/health teaching
  2. Active - (4-7 cm), mother loses ….
A

See record

22
Q

4 Ps of Labor

  • Passenger
  • Passageway
  • Power
  • Psyche
A

4 Ps of Labor

  • Passenger - fetus
  • Passageway - pelvis, vagina, cervix
  • Power
    • Primary - uterine contraction
    • secondary - bearing down
  • Psyche - overall status
23
Q

!! BREAK !!

You CAN do this.

You CAN achieve your dreams.

You WON’T quit.

A

LOGIC (Alpha phi) – LAST RESORT

LONGEST –> sa CHN and research

ODD

GO FOR ALL OF THE ABOVE

INSTINCT

CHRIST - dasal. dasal lang talaguh

24
Q

Cord prolapse

  • emergency –> compromised fetal circulation
  • Position:
    • knee chest/genupectoral
    • trendelenberg
    • If inc ICP? knee chest.
    • If with abdominal problems? trendelenberg.
      *
A

ASDSAD

25
Q

Ideal guage for BT??

A

Guage 14-22

26
Q

Best gauge of IV catheter for the elderly?

A

Guage 24

27
Q

Best way to identify the client?

A

Check the ID Band. Di lahat ng patients nakakapagsalita.

28
Q

BT?

  • FWB
  • PRBC
  • Platelets
A
  • FWB (500cc) - within 4 hours
  • PRBC (200-250 cc) - within 4 hours
  • Platelets – for 15 mins
29
Q

The nurse knows that she should not lift more than ___ lbs of her weight?

A

35 lbs

30
Q

Zones of Proximity

  • Intimate distance
  • Personal distance
  • Social distance
  • public distance
A
  • Intimate distance - touching to 1.5 ft
    • ​Almost all of nursing procedures ay hahawakan ang patients.
  • Personal distance - 1.5 - 4 ft
  • Social distance - 4-12 ft
  • public distance - 12-15 ft
31
Q

Hyperopia vs Myopia?

  • Far-sightedness
  • Near-sightedness
  • ex. 20/60
  • ex. 20/10
A
  • Far-sightedness - Hyperopia
  • Near-sightedness - Myopia?
  • ex. 20/60 - Myopia?
  • ex. 20/10 - Hyperopia
32
Q

When is the changing of:

  • IV solution
  • IV tubings
  • Guaze dressing?
  • transparent dressing?
A
33
Q

Pls check restaints

A

vhv

34
Q

CAUTION US?

A

CAUTION US

C: Change in bowel or bladder habits

  • colon, bladder or prostate cancer

A: A sore that does not heal.

  • More than 4 wks, Skin or oral cancer

U: Unusual bleeding or discharge.

  • Endometrial or cervical cancer

T: Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere.

  • breast, testicle, lymph nodes (glands), and the soft tissues of the body.
  • usually hard, irregularly shaped, and firmly fixed under the skin or deep in tissue

I: Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing.

  • Stomach cancer
  • Esophageal cancer

O: Obvious change in a wart or mole.

  • Skin cancer

N: Nagging cough or hoarseness.

  • lung cancer
  • larynx (voice box) or thyroid gland

U: Unexplained anemia.

S: Sudden weight loss.

  • pancreas, stomach, esophagus, or lung.
35
Q

DIRECT MEMBERS from PhilHealth

A
  • Employees with formal employment
  • Kasambahays
  • Self-earning individuals; Professional practitioners
  • Overseas Filipino Workers
  • Filipinos living abroad and those with dual citizenship
  • Lifetime members
  • All Filipinos aged 21 years and above with capacity to pay
36
Q

INDIRECT MEMBERS of PhilHealth

A
  • Indigents identified by the DSWD
  • Beneficiaries of Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)
  • Senior citizens
  • Persons with disability
  • Sangguniang Kabataan officials
  • Previously identified at point-of-service / sponsored by LGUs –> Government employees
  • Filipinos aged 21 years old and above without capacity to pay premiums
37
Q

GOALS of the Philippine Health Agenda

A

GOALS of PHA

  1. Financial protection
  2. health outcomes
  3. responsiveness
38
Q

3 Guarantees of PHA

A
  1. ALL LIFE STAGES & TRIPLE BURDEN OF DISEASE
  2. SERVICE DELIVERY NETWORK
  3. UNIVERSAL HEALTH INSURANCE
39
Q

Top causes of moratility in the philippines

A
  1. diseases of the heart,
  2. diseases of the vascular system,
  3. pneumonias,
  4. malignant neoplasms/cancers,
  5. all forms of tuberculosis,
  6. accidents,
  7. COPD and allied conditions,
  8. diabetes mellitus,
  9. nephritis/nephritic syndrome
  10. other diseases of respiratory system.

Among these diseases, six are non-communicable and four are the major NCDs such as CVD, cancers, COPD and diabetes mellitus.

40
Q

3 Major Roles of DOH

A
  1. Leadership in Health
  2. Enabler and capacity builder
  3. Administrator of specific services
41
Q

Current Vision and Mission of DOH?

A

Vision:

  • Filipinos are among the healthiest people in Southeast Asia by 2022, and Asia by 2040

Mission:

  • To lead the country in the development of a productive, resilient, equitable and people-centered health system
42
Q

Maternity Package (Philhealth)

A

Maternity Care Package (MCP, P8,000.00) coupled with the

  1. Normal Spontaneous Delivery (NSD) Package in Level 1 (P8,000.00) and
    • non-hospital facilities (health centers, lying-in clinics, birthing homes or midwife-managed clinics)
  2. Levels 2-4 hospitals (P6,500.00)
    • ​​Hospitals
  3. Caesarian Section (P19,000.00)
43
Q

Four Pillars of FOURmula ONE plus for Health

A

Four Pillars of FOURmula ONE plus for Health

  1. Increase access to quality essential health products and services.
  2. _Ensure equitable acces_s to quality health facilities.
  3. Ensure Equitable Distribution of human resources for health.
    4. Engage Service Delivery Networks to delivery comprehensive package of health services.
44
Q

Ottawa Charter:

5 Action Areas for Health Promotion

3 STRATEGIES

A

Ottawa Charter: 5 Action Areas for Health Promotion

  1. Building healthy public policy
  2. Creating supporting environments
  3. Strengthening community action
  4. Developing normal skills
  5. Reorienting health services

3 STRATEGIES:

  1. advocate
  2. mediate
  3. enable
45
Q

GOALS OF FOURmula ONE for health

Four Elements???

Four Cornerstone???

A

GOALS OF FOURmula ONE for health

  1. Better health outcomes
  2. more responsive health systems
  3. equitable health care financing

Four Elements of FOURmula ONE for health

  1. Health financing
  2. Health regulation
  3. health service delivery
  4. good governance
46
Q

Composition of Interlocal Health Zone

A
  1. people
    • Optimum health district: 100,000-500,000
  2. boundaries
  3. health worker
  4. health facilities
47
Q

ELEMENTS OF PHC:

E

L

E

M

E

N

T

S

Four Cornerstone of PHC???

Active community participation

Intra- and Inter-sectoral linkages

Use of appropriate technology

Support mechanism made available

A

EPI (Expanded program on immunization)

Locally endemic diseases

Essential drugs

Maternal & child health and Family Planning (EINC, BEMONC, CEMONC)

Education for health

Nutrition

Treatment of communicable and non-communicable diseases

Safe water and environmental sanitation

Four Cornerstone of PHC???

  1. Active community participation
  2. Intra- and Inter-sectoral linkages
  3. Use of appropriate technology
  4. Support mechanism made available
48
Q

TYPES OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE WORKERS

= physician, nurses, midwives, nurse auxiliaries, locally trained community health workers, traditional birth attendants and healers =

LEVELS?

A

TYPES OF PRIMARY HEALTHCARE WORKERS

  1. Village or Barangay Health Workers (V/BHWs)/ Grassroot Workers
    • trained community health workers
    • health auxiliary volunteer
    • traditional birth attendant or healer.
  2. Intermediate level health workers.
    • Professions
    • General medical practitioners or their
      assistants. Public Health Nurse, Rural Sanitary Inspectors and Midwives
49
Q

LEVELS OF HEALTH CARE AND REFERRAL SYSTEM

A
  1. Primary level of care
    • BHS, RHU
    • first contact between the community members
  2. Secondary level of care
    • infirmaries, municipal and district hospitals and out-patient departments of provincial hospitals
    • referral center for the primary health
    • minor surgeries, simple laboratory examinations
  3. Tertiary level of care
    • medical centers, regional and provincial hospitals, specialized hospitals
50
Q

MEMBERS OF THE RHU TEAM

A

MEMBERS OF THE RHU TEAM

  • physician,
  • dentist,
  • public health nurse,
  • midwife,
  • sanitarian
  • other health workers
51
Q
A

Nursing (LHL) (9 decks)

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