Final Exam 1 Flashcards
(39 cards)
Why do Americans move west, and what were the effects of that movement?
The belief that it was Americas mision to expand from ocean to ocean spreading democracy and freedom- manifest destinyGold Rush Thousands of Americans head West lured by the idea of becoming instant millionaires
Homestead Act of 1862 - millions of acres were given away free in the west to anyone that would claim land and live for 5 years
groups on the move - Italian immigrants -Irish Immigrants
The Oregon Trail - The only way west by land was via the oregon trail - American experienced a tremendous railroad boom after civil war -rail road boom
What was the experience of African Americans in the Jim Crow South?
Jim Crow Laws separated people of color and whites, African American were targeted more (poll taxes made it harder for people of color to vote)
How did industrialization change American society?
New industries= New money inventions such as oil, mining, telephone, railroad, dynamite, sewing machines The bessemer process (steal)
What were some effects caused by the changes in the work environment during industrialization?
- 12 or more hours a day -six days a week - employees were not entitled to vacation + sick leave + unemployment compensation or reimbursement for injuries
How did the move to cities (urbanization) change America?
tenement apartments became things a rundown apartment used to house large numbers of low income families urban problems: sanitation: garbage was often not collected + polluted air + lack of clean water + crime (bribes) + fire
How did immigration change in the late 1800s, and what were some effects of that change?
Low chinese wages drove white wages down The U.S. enabled the chinese excluclusion Act of 1882
Why was American society given the label the Gilded Age in the 1880s/1890s?
Phrase coined by Mark Twain because America lookes like a shiny red apple but the inside it rotten
What problems/issues in America lead to the Progressive movement?
Poor working + living environments
goals were to ease suffering of urban poor + improving unfair and dangerous working conditions + reforming the government at the national, state, and local levels
To what extent did the Progressives accomplish what they wanted to do
1901 gave one toilet for every two families which helped outhouses become obsolete in New York slums In the end NY life expectancy was raised
Muckrackers were journalist and urban photographers that exposed people to the trouble of the onforunate in hopes of sparking reform
The Triangle shirtwaist factory
How did Progressive Era benefit women?
Florence Kelley helped push the Illisnois legislature to prohibit child labor and to limit women’s working hours
What were the main causes of World War I?
Countries made alliences and this lead to war
What made WWI different from previous wars?
Germany formed an allence with Austria- hungary + Ottoman Empire (central Powers)
France + Russia formed secret alliances Great Britain joined them
trenchware was new
Why did the United States not fight right away, and why did it become involved eventually?
many americans were divided in terms of support due to their cultural heritage wilson kind od decided isolationism
How did American society change due to the war?
Lever food and fuel control Act government limited how much food + fuel you could buy
The sedition Act made it illegal for Americans to critisize the government, flag, or military in speech or writing
posters + news stories + speeches + other materials to influence opinion and movies about revolutionary were banned
WIlson created Liberty bonds a form of loan to the government from American people + rationing
What were the effects of Prohibition?
Hidden Bars and speak easies became things people would go to drink at helped break racial barriers
Understand the rise of racial intolerance and nativism in America during the 1920s?
Flappers helped break racial barriers by helping chapion American JAzz into EUrope and counter culture movement
De Facto (North)
Segregation by habit or custom,
De Jure (South)
laws that enforce segregation North, white families refused to sell homes to people of color this tension created a wave of racial violence in the summer of 1919 known as the red summer
Nativism is
the distrust of foreigners produced a culture clash between the country’s earliest immigrants and its newer ones in the 1920s targets of hatred irish + Scottish (catholic) newer arrivals were Catholics and Jews
How did the Harlem Renaissance & the “New Negro” change African-American culture?
The clebration of black art, jazz, literature, that originated in Harlem NY became unofficial cappitol of African AMerican culture
How did conditions in the 1920s lead to the Great Depression?
America runs on credit and 80% of Americans have no savings + personal debt limit reached
What factors caused the Great Depression?
Buying on margins borrowing money in invest in stocks
Important dates from great depression
on thursday october 24,1929 nervous investors began selling their stocks
Black Tuesday, october 29 was the worst day affecting stocks of even solid companies
What were the major effects of the Great Depression?
? High unemployment, increased racial violence , farm prices cut in half farms went bankrumpt,
