Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EDUC220 - Educational Psychology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cognitive Development

A

How children learn to think, reason, understand, organise and remember

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Three influences of social development

A

maturation
Activity - the cognitive processing expediated by children moving
Social transmission - learning concepts and procedures from others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How do children respond to the three influences on development

A

By organisation (schemes/schemas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are schemes or schemas

A

Building blocks of thinking. How we organise what we know.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adaptation

A

The process of creating a good fit between what we know (schemes) and what we’ve just encountered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The process of creating a good fit between what we know (schemes) and what we’ve just encountered

A

Adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Assimilation

A

Fits new item into existing schema

E.g Scheme is a bird based on a budgerigar. Child sees a sparrow which looks similar but brown. Says bird is a brown budgerigar.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Accommodation

A

Creates new schema for new information

Child knows a bird called a budgerigar. Sees a sparrow. Through experience realizes it is not a brown budgerigar but a sparrow. A separate species of bird all together. Child changes schema.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is equilibration

A

Balance of organising, assimilating and accommodating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Applies scheme to existing situation but it does not work

A

Disequilibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the 4 major stages in Piaget’s stage theory of cognitive development

A
  1. Sensorimotor
  2. Preoperational
  3. Concrete Operational
  4. Formal Operational
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What ages are covered by the four stages?

A

Sensorimotor - birth to 2
Preoperational - 2 to 7
Concrete operational - 7 to 11
Formal operational - 11 to 15 ?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is Piaget’s two stage theory of moral development

A

Moral realism - children see rules as concrete and absolute.
Moral cooperation - See things from others perspectives, realise rules aren’t set by parents but rather they are set by society - need to cooperate and get along

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What type of theory is Lawrence Kohlberg’s?

A

Development theory - took Piagets work and turned it into a full blown theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are Kohlberg’s three stages of moral reasoning?

A
  1. Postconventional reasoning
  2. Conventional reasoning
  3. Preconvential reasoning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Name the two stages of preconventional reasoning. Describe these stages

A
  1. Stage 1 Heteronomous morality
  2. Stage 2 Individualism

Egocentric, it is wrong to steal a gun I might get caught.

17
Q

Name the 2 stages of conventional reasoning. Describe these stages

A

Stage 3 Mutual interpersonal expectations
Stage 4 Law and order orientation

Desire to be good and nice and seek approval. Laws and civic laws hold uphold society.
Still concedes it is wrong to steal, but now because it is against the law. Must pay it back. Retribution’s

18
Q

Name the 2 stages of postconventional reasoning. Describe these stages

A

Stage 5 Social contract orientation
Stage 6 Universal ethical principles

Human life must be saved at all costs, universal ethics but individual conscience has to work hand in hand, abstract thought, abstract fantastical reasoning, understand how will impact on others, notion of right and wrong is abstract.

19
Q

Name 4 criticisms of Kohlbergs theory

A
  1. Moral reasoning versus moral behaviour
  2. Stages may not be reflected in real-life dilemmas people face
  3. Cultural differences in moral reasoning
  4. Gender bias in Kohlbergs research
20
Q

Vygotskyian stages of development

A
  1. Social Speech - Controls the behaviour of others, e.g. an infant saying milk or juice and expecting the caretaker to get it for them
  2. Egocentric Speech - the bridge between the external and the inner speech, it serves to control one’s own behaviour but is spoken aloud. e.g. kids talking to themselves while they play.
  3. Inner Speech - “self-talk” we use it to direct our thinking and behaviour. e.g. the thoughts in your head that make you do stuff and let you function as a person.
21
Q

three characteristics of Ecocentric Speech

A
  1. children should expect their speech to be heardby those around them
  2. They will likely not be as talkative if they believe no one is listening or can hear them, i.e. talking less if at all when playing alone
  3. the volume of the speech should resemble that of Social speech in that it is neither Inaudible or a whisper.
22
Q

Pivot

A

an object used in play as a prop to help extract and operate on the meaning

23
Q

Mens Rea

A

Guilty Mind

24
Q

Actus Revs

A

Guilty Act

25
Q

What is intelligence?

A

“Intelligence is what Intelligence tests, test for.” Boring, 1923

26
Q

How many Intellegenes are there?

A

There are approximately 9 of them ranging from Music to Science from understanding those around you as well as your self

EDUC220 - Educational Psychology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions