Final Exam (12.18.2014)

Question 1

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Answer 1

Responsible for the production of gametes.

In females, the system has the added function of protecting & nourishing the fetus until birth.

Question 2

Five functions of the reproductive organs

Answer 2

1. Males produce sperm in the testes; females produce eggs in the ovaries
2. Males nurture & transport sperm in ducts until they exit the penis; females transport eggs in uterine tubes to the uterus.
3. Penis functions to deliver sperm to the vagina who’s function is to receive the sperm (Vagina also transports menstrual fluid & acts as a birth canal).
4. Uterus allows the fertilized egg to develop; after birth the breast provide nutrients in the form of milk.
5. Testes & ovaries produce sex hormones.

Question 3

MITOSIS

Answer 3

When a cell divides, it produces exact copies of itself.

Plays an important role in the growth & repair of tissues

Question 4

MEIOSIS

Answer 4

Takes place in the testes & the ovaries
Chromosome number is reduced from 46 to 23
Involved in the formation of gametes (sex cells)
Introduces genetic variation

Question 5

ZYGOTE

Answer 5

First cell of a new human being

46 chromosomes

Question 6

TESTES

Answer 6

The male gonads

Suspended within the sacs of the scrotum

Question 7

EPIDIDYMIS

Answer 7

Tightly coiled duct lying just outside each testis

Sperm maturation

Question 8

SEMEN

Answer 8

Whitish secretion of the male reproductive organs

Question 9

SEMINAL VESICLE

Answer 9

Pair lies at the base of the bladder & each has a duct that joins to a vas deferens (storage place of sperm)

Question 10

PROSTATE GLAND

Answer 10

single, doughnut-shaped gland that surrounds the upper portion of the urethra just below the bladder.

Question 11

BULBOURETHRAL GLAND

Answer 11

Pea-sized organs that lie posterior t the prostate on either side of the urethra
Secretion makes the seminal fluid gelatinous

Question 12

ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION (ED)

Answer 12

Inability to achieve or maintain an erection suitable for sex

Question 13

SPERMATOGENESIS

Answer 13

Production of sperm

Question 14

SERTOLI CELLS

Answer 14

Support, nourish, & regulate the process of spermatogenesis.

Question 15

SPERMATOZOA

Answer 15

Mature sperm
3 parts: Head with a nucleus covered by an acrosome (stores enzymes needed to penetrate the egg); middle part with mitochondria to provide energy for the movement of the tail.

Question 16

INTERSTITUAL CELLS

Answer 16

Male sex cells (androgens) secreted by these cells

Question 17

GONADOTROPIC RELEASING HORMONE (GnRH)

Answer 17

Stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete the gonadotropic hormones

Question 18

2 gonadtropic hormones

Answer 18

Present in males & females
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): promotes the production of sperm in the seminifurous tubules
Luteinizing hormone (LH): controls the production of testosterone by the interstitual cells