Final Exam Flashcards
(155 cards)
1
Q
What is the first reason we study history
A
to obey the commandment of the Lord
2
Q
What is the second reason we study history
A
to understand and see God’s providential plan for the ages
3
Q
What is the third reason we study history
A
to provide illustrations and see Bible principles exemplified
4
Q
What is the fourth reason we study history
A
to see error and how it develops
5
Q
What is the fifth reason we study history
A
to give the believer stability and roots
6
Q
What is the past
A
“things which thou hast seen” - 7 local churches
7
Q
What is the present
A
“things which are” - 7 characteristics of churches (believers throughout history)
8
Q
What is the future
A
“things which shall be” - Parallel 7 major periods of development in church history
9
Q
What churches are the 7 letters to
A
1) Ephesus
2) Smyrna
3) Pergamos
4) Thyatira
5) Sardis
6) Philadelphia
7) Laodicea
10
Q
What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Ephesus letter
A
Revelation 2:2-4
11
Q
What is the time period of the Ephesus church
A
AD 30-100
12
Q
What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Smyrna church
A
Revelation 2:9-10
13
Q
What is the time period of the Smyrna church
A
AD 100-300
14
Q
What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Pergamos church
A
Revelation 2:14-15
15
Q
What is the time period of the Pergamos church
A
AD 300-500
16
Q
What is the passage of scripture that goes with the Thyatira church
A
Revelation 2:19-20
17
Q
What is the time period of the Thyatira church
A
AD 500-1500
18
Q
What is the church that Ephesus is parallel to
A
Apostolic church
19
Q
What is the church that Smyrna is parallel to
A
Persecuted church
20
Q
What is the church that Pergamos is parallel to
A
Worldly church
21
Q
What is the church that Thyatira is parallel to
A
Roman church
22
Q
What are the two purposes of prophecy
A
1) it is so we can learn more about the God of prophecy, not the prophecy itself
2) it is to learn more about Jesus
23
Q
What is it called when some doctrines were introduced in part with additional details to follow in later revelation
A
Progressive revelation
24
Q
What is it called when the increasing ability to comprehend over time what God has written
A
Progressive illumination
25
What is it called when prophecy of a passage is taken a face value
Literal (normative) interpretation
26
What are the 3 obstacles to illumination of prophecy
1) some prophecies did not seem to "fit" with each other
2) Some prophecies have a double fulfillment
3) Some historical passages were not even viewed prophetically until their fulfillment
27
What are the 3 things that the study of history is
1) Limited
2) Selective
3) Biased
28
What are the 5 key events of the "Acts" church during the Ephesus church period
1) Pentecost
2) Paul's Conversion
3) Paul's Journeys
4) Jerusalem Council
5) Paul's first Roman imprisonment
29
When did Pentecost happen
AD 30
30
When did Paul's conversion happen
AD 32
31
When did Paul's journeys happen
AD 47-58
32
When did the Jerusalem council happen
AD 50
33
When did Paul's first roman imprisonment happen
AD 60
34
Who were the key people of the "Acts" church during the Ephesus church period
1) The Twelve
2) Paul
35
What does apostle mean
one who is sent
36
What were the key issues of the "Acts" during the Ephesus church period
1) Gentile salvation
2) Gnosticism
37
What is Gnosticism
a Greek philosophy that held to the physical world is evil but the spiritual world is good
38
What were the 5 key events of the "Post-Acts" church during the Ephesus church period
1) The deaths of the twelve
2) The burning of Rome
3) The destruction of the temple
4) The completion of Scriptures
5) The expanded persecution of Christians
39
Who were the 4 key people of the "Post-Acts" church during the Ephesus church period
1) Nero
2) Josephus
3) Clement of Rome
4) Domitian
40
Who reigned from AD 54-68, and was the 4th Roman emperor
Nero
41
Who began the Roman persecution of Christians by arresting and executing key leaders
Nero
42
Who was a wealthy Jewish leader in the rebellion against Rome
Josephus
43
Who allied with the Romans when Jerusalem fell, becoming a negotiator and chronicler
Josephus
44
Who was the leading pastor at Rome in the late 1st century
Clement of Rome
45
Who letters to Corinth in AD 95 appealed to unity under delegated leadership
Clement of Rome
46
Who made early arguments for apostolic succession, distinctions between clergy and laity, and Roman church leadership
Clement of Rome
47
Who ascribed perpetual virginity to Mary
Clement of Rome
48
Who was the Roman emperor at AD 90
Domitian
49
Who exiled John to Patmos
Domitian
50
Who issued poll tax for pagan feast, demanded the title "Lord and God"
Domitian
51
What were the 2 key issues of the "Post-Acts" church during the Ephesus church period
1) Church authority
2) Pride
52
The Ephesus church was known as what according to Revelation 2:1-7
a loveless church
53
Who were Nicolaitans
They were Roman leaders who tried to stamp out Christianity
54
What does Nicolaitans mean
conquer of the people
55
What were the 3 key events of the Smyrna church period
1) Continued expansion of persecution
2) The "Rule of Faith"
3) The Recognition of the Canon
56
What were the 4 reasons that the church was persecuted
1) it lost its identification with Judaism
2) Roman emperors increasingly saw themselves as divine and demanded worship
3) Christian doctrine and practices were frequently misunderstood
4) Christians became easy scapegoats
57
Who blamed Christians for the burning of Rome in AD 64
Nero
58
Who persecuted Christians in AD 95 for failure to pay religious taxes and acknowledge the deity of the emperor
Domitian
59
Who didn't seek Christians, but executed them if they refused to deny Christ and revere the emperor
Trajan
60
What was the Roman Emperor in AD 117-138
Trajan
61
Who had local persecutions, not empire wide
Antoninus Pius
62
Who was emperor of Rome in AD 139-161
Antoninus Pius
63
Who assumed martyrs merely sought "theatrical deaths" and used spies to catch believers
Marcus Aurelius
64
What was emperor of Rome in AD 161-180
Marcus Aurelius
65
Who had localized persecutions in Egypt and North Africa
Septimius Severus
66
Who was the Roman emperor in AD 193-211
Septimius Severus
67
Who focused on the persecution of Christian leadership
Maximinus
68
Who was Roman emperor in 235-238
Maximinus
69
Who blamed Christians for the Roman plague when they failed to celebrate Rome's birthday
Decius
70
Who required sacrifices of allegiance to Rome to obtain libellus certifcates
Decius
71
Who was emperor in Rome in 247-251
Decius
72
Who continued Decius' policies blaming Christians for natural calamities
Valerian
73
Who was emperor in Rome in AD 253-260
Valerian
74
Who had the severest persecution of Christians during his reign
Diocletian
75
Who destroyed places of worship, burned sacred books, imprisoned clergy, revoked Christians' Roman citizenship
Diocletian
76
What were the 4 results of the persecution of Christians
1) expansion of Christianity
2) Recognition of the NT canon
3) Rise of the apologists
4) Creation of a new problem... what to do with believers who denied Christ
77
What is the Rule of Faith
a brief statement of essential doctrine and a tool used to evaluate converts
78
What is a canon
rules or standards
79
What are the 5 essential qualifications for recognizing Canon
1) It is Authoritative
2) Is it Apostolic
3) Is it Authentic
4) Is it Able to change lives
5) Is it Accepted by the churches
80
When did Peter recognizes Paul's writings as Scripture
AD 64
81
When did the Book of Revelation complete the NT canon
AD 90
82
When did the Muratorian canon take place
AD 170
83
When did Irenaeus' list of "undisputed books" come out
AD 175
84
When did Origen add Hebrews and Jude to Irenaeus' list
AD 220
85
When did Athanasius list only our present 27 NT books as "canonical"
AD 340
86
When did the council of Carthage take place
AD 397
87
When did the Muratorian Fragment take place
AD 170
88
The Muratorian Fragment is known as what
Earliest listing of NT books
89
Who wrote Ecclesiastical History
Eusebius
90
When did Eusebius write Ecclesiastical History
AD 325
91
Who wrote "Concerning the Genuine Books of Divinely Inspired Scripture"
Gregory of Nazianzus
92
When did Gregory of Nazianzus write "Concerning the Genuine Books of Divinely Inspired Scripture"
AD 380
93
When did the 3rd council of Carthage take place
AD 397
94
What did the 3rd Council of Carthage do
list the NT books by category
95
Who was the bishop of the church of Antioch early in the 2nd century, wrote 7 letters while on his way to Rome for execution under Trajan, argued strongly against Docetism by emphasizing the importance of the Lord's Supper, taught that heresy was best combated through unity of the church under its bishops
Ignatius of Antioch
96
Dates for Ignatius of Antioch
???-115
97
Who was a disciple of John, eventually becoming the bishop of Smyrna , and quoted much Scripture and wrote on practical Christianity
Polycarp
98
Dates for Polycrap
69-155
99
Who was highly educated Gentile who became a believer in 133 , great "apologist" for Christianity Quoted or alluded to most of the N.T. in his writings, his best-known works are First Apology and Dialogue with Trypho, Often went too far in "Christianizing" pagan philosophers
Justin Martyr
100
Dates for Justin Martyr
100-165
101
Who was a wealthy merchant and "preacher's kid", came to Rome from Pontus at AD 140 promoting Gnostic Christianity, very anti-Semitic, rejecting the O.T. and the God it portrayed, rejected "pro-Jewish" N.T. books
Marcion
102
Dates for Marcion
110-160
103
Who was a disciple of Polycarp and a bishop in Lyons (France), his best-known work is Against Heresies, a rebuttal of Gnosticism, emphasized the importance of the O.T. and the unity of Scripture, emphasized the unity of the church in faith and practice, his "canon" of "undisputed books" included 80% of our present N.T.
Irenaeus
104
Dates for Irenaeus
130-200
105
Who was a prolific writer (30 books), who was very opinionated and blunt, wrote on the role of women in the church, apology - Critique of pagan religion and Christian persecution, 5 books against Marcion's teachings, articulated a pro-life view, held an extremely strong (and incorrect) view on baptism, "dispensational" in his eschatology, his wording of doctrine and writings defined orthodoxy for centuries, against Praxeus - first to use "Persons" to describe the Trinity
Tertullian
106
Dates for Tertullian
150-212
107
Who was educated in secular, Christian, and Hebrew writings, became the lead teacher at the highly gnostic "Christian" school in Alexandria, became a bishop in Caesarea around 230, famous for his "asceticism"
Wrote De Principiis, Christendom's first "systematic theology" which taught several unbiblical doctrines, tended to spiritualize and allegorize the Scriptures to "hidden" meanings, compiled the "Hexapla" but exerted gnostic influence on Greek manuscripts
Origen
108
Dates for Origen
185-254
109
Who became bishop of Carthage in 248, negotiated a compromise to the problem of "lapsed" Christians, disputed over baptisms with Stephen, the bishop of Rome, his High view of the church led to several (wrong) conclusions
Cyprian
110
What were the 3 key issues of the Smyrna church period
1) Docetism
2) Responses to persecution
3) Reponses to "lapsed" Christians
111
What were the 4 responses to persecution
1) immediate compromise
2) Avoidance through deception
3) Quiet perseverance through suffering
4) Eager pursuit of martyrdom
112
What were the 3 responses to "lapsed" Christians
1) Strict
2) Moderate
3) Lenient
113
The Smyrna church was known as what according to Revelation 2:8-11
a loyal church
114
What does Smyrna mean
crushed
115
What were the 5 key events of the Pergamos church period
1) The conversion of Constantine
2) The Edict of Milan
3) The Ecclesiastical changes
4) The Council of Nicea
5) The Beginnings of Monasticism
116
When did the Edict of Milan take place
AD 313
117
What did the Edict of Milan do
it made Christianity a legal religion throughout the Roman empire
118
What were the 4 Ecclesiastical changes during the Pergamos church period
1) The rebuilding of Churches
2) The elevation of the Clergy
3) The adoption of Pagan holidays
4) The veneration of saints
119
When did the Council of Nicea take place
AD 325
120
Who called the Council of Nicea together
Constantine
121
What was the purpose of the Council of Nicea
To settle doctrines of the church that were being agrued
122
What is the rigorous self-denial of normal pleasures of life for religious purposes
Asceticism
123
What did Arianism do
deny the deity of Christ
124
What did Apollinarianism do
deny the full humanity of Christ
125
What did Nestorianism do
divide Christ into two persons, "Son of God" and a "Son of Mary"
126
What did Pelagianism do
emphasized man's role in salvation
127
Who was born in Alexandria, Egypt, he grew up with much exposure to the Egyptian hermits, he spent most of his life refuting Arianism and defending Nicea. This would get him exiled on several occasion, his writings included strong defenses of the Trinity, as well as The Life of St. Antony, which popularized asceticism
Athanasius
128
Dates of Athanaius
296-373
129
Who was the last emperor to rule over a united empire, and an ardent supporter of Nicene Christianity, and in 380, he made Christianity the official religion of the Roman empire
Theodosius
130
Dates for Theodosius
347-395
131
Who was born in Italy, he was a gifted scholar, joined several ascetic groups and became fluent in both Greek and Hebrew, and his Latin translation of the Bible, the Vulgate, became the Bible for 1,000 + years
Jerome
132
Dates for Jerome
331-420
133
Who had his early training was in law, and he became an excellent public speaker, after 10 years of solitude and study, he became a deacon, and then the bishop of Antioch, and his greatest legacy is his preaching
John Chrysostom
134
Dates for John Chrysostom
350-407
135
Who as a youth, he lived a life of pleasure and sin in Carthage (North Africa) , after failing to find satisfaction in religion and philosophy, he found peace in Jesus Christ in Rome in 386, wrote autobiography Confessions, he dedicated himself to studying theology and the Bible and became the Bishop of Hippo (in North Africa) in 395, when Rome was attacked in 410, many blamed Christians. Augustine's response was his largest work, The City of God, he is best remembered for arguing against the Donatists and Pelagians
Augustine
136
Dates for Augustine
354-430
137
Who was a became bishop of Rome in 440, his Tome of Leo greatly influenced the church's description of Christology, tome of Leo, actively advocated the supremacy of the Roman bishop over all other bishops and churches, he is considered the first true "pope" of the Roman Catholic Church, and one of only three to get the title, "the great"
Leo the Great
138
Dates for Leo the Great
390-461
139
What is the Pergamos church known for according to Revelation 2:12-17
a lifted up church
140
Who was a German printer and pioneer in the use of moveable type and finished printing the Latin Gutenberg Bible
Johannes Gutenberg
141
When did Gutenberg finish his bible
1456
142
Who was the first to publish the Greek NT
Erasmus
143
When did Erasmus publish his Greek NT
1516
144
When was the reign of Henry V
1413-1422
145
When did the printing press develop
1453
146
When did the Reformation start
1517
147
When did Luther write his German NT
1522
148
When did Tyndale publish his English NT
1525/1526
149
When did the Coverdale Bible get published
1535
150
What was the Coverdale Bible
it was the first complete English Bible issued by Henry VIII's royal decree
151
When was the Matthew's Bible published
1537
152
When was the Great Bible published
1539
153
When was the Geneva Bible published
1560
154
When was the Bishop's Bible published
1568
155
When was the Authorized King James Version published
1611
