Final Exam

Question 1

6 AC dislocations

Answer 1

1: sprain
2: AC joint disrupted and AC ligament injury
3: AC and coracoclavicular ligaments, deltoid, and trap injury
4: posterior
5: 100-300% displacement of coracoclavicular distance
6: inferior

Question 2

anterior dislocation of shoulder

Answer 2

younger patients have higher rate of occurance
older people have greater risk of rotator cuff tears
axillary nerve is most commonly injured
musculocutaneous nerve is commonly injured with surgery

Question 3

nerve injuries associated with humeral fractures

Answer 3

nerves normally resolve spontaneously
radial nerve palsy occurs in 5-10% of patients
radial nerve apraxia

Question 4

what kind of pediatric fractures get tardy nervy palsy

Answer 4

lateral condyle fractures of the humerus that don’t heal and go into valgus

Question 5

fractures of distal radius with disruption of DRUJ

Answer 5

Essex lopresti: radial head fracture and DRUJ injury
Galeazzi fracture: distal radius with DRUJ dislocation
Nursemaid’s elbow: subluxation of radial head

Question 6

boxer’s fracture

Answer 6

5th MTC neck fracture

Question 7

guyeon’s canal and cubital tunnel

Answer 7

guyeon’s: ulnar nerve comes next to medial at wrist
cubital: ulnar nerve at the elbow
both can get compressed

Question 8

lateral epicondylitis

Answer 8

tennis elbow
ECRB, hand/wrist extensors
treat non operatively
associated with ulnar nerve problems

Question 9

De Quervain’s tenosynovitis

Answer 9

6 total compartments
1st compartment has APL and EPB tendons
anatomical snuff box

Question 10

Dupuytren’s contracture

Answer 10

thickening of palmar fascia
associated with seizure disorder, repeat trauma, alcoholics, Irish background, dupuytren’s disease and peyronie’s disease

Question 11

trigger finger

Answer 11

thickening and catching of the A1 pulley flexor tendon

Question 12

shoulder dislocations are associated with

Answer 12

bankart lesion: anterior glenoid labrum tear
axillary nerve injury

Question 13

what fractures lead to traumatic fractures

Answer 13

intra articular (in joint) are worse
salter 3 goes into joint

Question 14

what is the major function of the biceps tendon

Answer 14

supinations (40% of supination strength)

Question 15

golfer’s elbow

Answer 15

medial epicondylitis
flexors of wrist

Question 16

how to test for De Quervain’s

Answer 16

positive finklestein’s test

Question 17

muscular contraction that is at a constant rate

Answer 17

isokinetic

Question 18

concentric

Answer 18

muscle shortening

Question 19

eccentric

Answer 19

muscle lengthening

Question 20

most sensitive test for ACL is

Answer 20

lachman’s

Question 21

lumbar nerves DTR, motor and sensory

Answer 21

L4: anterior tibial, knee, medial foot
L5: EHL, 1st web space
S1: peroneals and PFs, achilles, lateral foot

Question 22

fragmentation of femoral capital epiphysis

Answer 22

leeg calves perthes disease

Question 23

quasi moto is tuberculosis of the spine

Answer 23

potts disease

Question 24

treatment indications for scoliosis

Answer 24

bracing: more than 25 degrees with progression and growth or 30 degrees and still growing
surgery: more than 40 degrees and progression or 50 degrees

Question 25

what is seen on an xray with someone with osteoarthritis

Answer 25

subcondral cysts sceloris decreased joint space pariarticular calcification

Question 26

what is the initial treatment for OA

Answer 26

rest heat PT anti inflammatories

Question 27

how does cancellous bone fail

Answer 27

compression injury

Question 28

trendelenburg sign

Answer 28

when you stand on one foot with weak abductors, the opposite hip drops and pt. shifts weight towards involved sidee

Question 29

characteristics of woven bone

Answer 29

non parallel different sizes and shapes

Question 30

what is spondylolisthesis

Answer 30

slipping of one vertebral body on another occurs with hyperextension of the spine that occurs in football and ballet athletes

Question 31

nutritional rickets is a lack of

Answer 31

vitamin D

Question 32

scurvy is a lack of

Answer 32

vitamin C

Question 33

what tumors metastasis to bone

Answer 33

kidney thyroid breast prostate

Question 34

what is a green stick fracture

Answer 34

convex fails under tension and concave side

Question 35

first and most significant symptom of osteomyelitis

Answer 35

pain

Question 36

dead bone that sits

Answer 36

sequesterd

Question 37

what shows up as less bone on an xray

Answer 37

osteopenia

Question 38

what type of collagen is in bone

Answer 38

type 1 collagen

Question 39

how to treat posterior sternoclavicular dislocation

Answer 39

operate because it presses on nerves and arteries

Question 40

silver fork deformity

Answer 40

colles fracture

Question 41

fracture of the ulnar shaft that is associated with ulnar head dislocation

Answer 41

conteggia fracture

Question 42

bowman's angle

Answer 42

supracondylar humereus fractures

Question 43

talus fracture and radial lucency after a few weeks

Answer 43

hawkin's sign good because blood going to dead bone

Question 44

volcman's ischemic is a result of?

Answer 44

intrinsic tightness and loss of function of hand long term sequelle of compartment syndrome

Question 45

most specific test for ACL is

Answer 45

pivot shift

Question 46

club foot

Answer 46

telipes equines deformity and hind foot in varus

Question 47

le sage test

Answer 47

test for lumbosacral radiculopathy Classifications SLR test

Question 48

flip test

Answer 48

test for lumbosacral radiculopathy sitting root test

Question 49

how does cortical bone fail

Answer 49

withstands compression and shear more than tension

Question 50

monteggia fracture

Answer 50

ulnar shaft fracture with radial head dislocation and posterior interosseous nerve palsy

Question 51

madelung's deformity

Answer 51

ulnar positive deviation and radial deformity. growth plate makes radius grows towards ulna