Final Exam

Question 1

condensation synthesis

Question 2

hydrolysis

Question 3

monomers of each group based on structure and functional groups

Question 4

how are carbohydrates classified

Answer 4

examples and function

Question 5

4 types of lipids

Answer 5

example and function

Question 6

amino acids based on sidechain properties

Answer 6

image

Question 7

4 levels of protein structure, what bonds stabilize them

Question 8

nucleoside

Question 9

nucleotide

Question 10

NTP

Question 11

dNTP

Question 12

how are ester bonds formed

Question 13

how are glycosidic bonds formed

Question 14

how are peptide bonds formed

Question 15

how are phosphodiester bonds formed

Question 16

DNA and RNA similarities

Question 17

DNA and RNA differences

Question 18

elemental composition of carbohydrates

Question 19

elemental composition of lipid

Question 20

elemental composition of proteins

Question 21

elemental composition of nucleic acids

Question 22

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell similarities

Question 23

prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell differences

Answer 23

p: small genome size
e: RNA processing happens in nucleus, protein synthesis happens in cytoplasm, long proteins

Question 24

plant and animal cell similarities

Question 25

plant and animal cell differences

Question 26

classify components of eukaryotic cell

Answer 26

pic/concept map

Question 27

functions of eukaryotic cell parts

Question 28

structure of cell parts

Answer 28

pic

Question 29

pathway of secretory protein/molecules coming from outside to inside cell

Question 30

chloroplast vs mitochondria

Question 31

microtubule vs microfilament

Question 32

cell wall vs cell junction

Question 33

metabolism

Answer 33

def and ex

Question 34

anabolism

Answer 34

def and ex

Question 35

catabolism

Answer 35

def and ex

Question 36

entropy

Question 37

enthalpy

Question 38

free energy

Question 39

free energy equation

Question 40

3 types of cellular work when ATP is used

Question 41

energy released in vitro in ATP hydrolysis

Question 42

active site

Question 43

substrate

Question 44

competitive inhibitor

Question 45

non-competitive inhibitor

Question 46

factors that impact enzyme activity

Question 47

allosteric enzymes

Question 48

feedback modification

Question 49

chemical modification

Question 50

How does a bacterium divide by binary fission? Which cell structures divide by binary fission?

Question 51

cell cycle stages (including 3 stages of interphase and mitotic phase)

Question 52

how is each phase defined

Question 53

what happens at each phase

Question 54

cytokinesis in animal cells

Question 55

cytokinesis in plant cells

Question 56

What are the significances of checkpoints and internal & external conditions that are monitored by cell to determine whether to divide and whether to progress from one stage to another?

Question 57

How do cyclin and CDK serve as major components controlling check points in cell cycle and the MPF activity occurs as sharp peak during M phase and S phones?

Question 58

Learn the changes in ploidy level and DNA amount in meiosis (reduction division)

Question 59

stages of meiosis I and II

Question 60

3 causes of genetic variation in sexual reproduction and what stages these occur in

Question 61

genes

Question 62

alleles

Question 63

genotype

Question 64

phenotype

Question 65

dominance

Question 66

recessive

Question 67

homozygous

Question 68

heterozygous

Question 69

law of segregation

Question 70

law of independent assortment

Question 71

monohybrid and dihybrid crosses

Question 72

non-mendelian inheritance

Answer 72

def and ex

Question 73

incomplete dominance

Question 74

co-dominance

Question 75

epistasis

Question 76

pleiotropy

Question 77

multiple alleles

Question 78

polygenic inheritance

Question 79

epigenetics

Question 80

Be able to predict the pattern of inheritance in a given example based on the laws of inheritance in both mono- and dihybrid

Question 81

helicase

Answer 81

unwinds the double helix

Question 82

helicase

Answer 82

unwinds the double helix

Question 83

primase

Answer 83

synthesizes RNA primers

Question 84

single stranded binding protein

Answer 84

stabilizes single stranded regions

Question 85

DNA gryase

Answer 85

relieves torque

Question 86

DNA polymerase 3

Answer 86

synthesizes DNA, proofreads, and repairs

Question 87

DNA polymerase 1

Answer 87

erases primers and fills gap with DNA

Question 88

DNA ligase

Answer 88

joins ends of DNA segments