final exam

Question 1

Hereditary material that stores information required to make all of the proteins required for a cell

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

Made of DNA in its condensed form, contains part of the DNA code for a cell

Answer 2

Chromosomes

Question 3

Carries specific set of instructions, sequence of DNA that contains information about traits, codes for specific proteins

Answer 3

Gene

Question 4

Changes in DNA sequences

Answer 4

Mutation

Question 5

DNA is like a what?

Answer 5

Book

Question 6

Chromosomes are like a what

Answer 6

Chapter of the book

Question 7

Genes are like a what

Answer 7

Paragraph from the chapter

Question 8

Mutations are like a what?

Answer 8

A misspelled word or typo

Question 9

All of your DNA chromosomes

Answer 9

Kayotype

Question 10

No nucleus, cell divisions is simple, hereditary information are enclosed in a single circle of DNA, with a two step process where DNA copies and cells splits by binary fission

Answer 10

Prokaryotes

Question 11

Has a nucleus, cell division is complex, DNA is contained in chromosomes, a single long DNA molecule packaged with proteins into a compact shape, Involves mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis

Answer 11

Eukaryotes

Question 12

Which of the following is a sequence of DNA codes for proteins and contains information about genetic traits

Answer 12

Gene

Question 13

Which type of cell undergoes meiosis

Answer 13

Reproductive cells

Question 14

A cell that contains 24 chromosomes undergoes mitosis. How many chromosomes are in each cell at the end of mitosis

Answer 14

Diploid number, 24

Question 15

What types of cells does cell division affect in mitosis

Answer 15

Nonreproductive cells, body cells or somatic cells

Question 16

What is associated with sexual reproduction for growth and repair

Answer 16

Mitosis

Question 17

How many chromosomes occure after mitosis in humans

Answer 17

46

Question 18

Mitosis produces what type of cells

Answer 18

Diploid

Question 19

Sexual reproduction correlates with what?

Answer 19

Mitosis

Question 20

What produces gametes?

Answer 20

Meiosis

Question 21

Gametes are what

Answer 21

Sperm and ova/eggs

Question 22

What is known as sex cells

Answer 22

Gametes

Question 23

How many chromosomes occur after meiosis in humans?

Answer 23

23

Question 24

Meiosis produces what type of cells

Answer 24

Haploid

Question 25

In mitosis, one cell splits into how many and what type of cells

Answer 25

2 identical cells

Question 26

In Meiosis, one cell splits into how many and what type of cells

Answer 26

4 non identical cells

Question 27

Explain the complex cell cycle

Answer 27

Interphase, G1 phase, S Phase, G2, Phase, and M phase

Question 28

Cells primary growth phase and greatest portion of a cell's life span is what phase

Answer 28

G1 Phase

Question 29

DNA replicates producing two copies of each chromosomes is what phase

Answer 29

S Phase

Question 30

More growth, replication of mitochondria and other organelles, synthesis of microtubules is what phase

Answer 30

G2 Phase

Question 31

Mitosis and Cytokinesis are apart of which phase

Answer 31

M Phase

Question 32

what are the phases of mitosis

Answer 32

Prophase, Metaphase, anaphase, and telephase

Question 33

division of nucleus

Answer 33

Mitosis

Question 34

Cytoplasm divides creating two daughter cells

Answer 34

Cytokinesis

Question 35

What does the G1 phase check

Answer 35

Is the cell large enough and adequate environmental conditions

Question 36

What does the G2 phase check for

Answer 36

DNA replicated correctly

Question 37

What does the M Phase check for

Answer 37

Chromosomes aligned and attached to spindle fibers

Question 38

What is known as the "before cancer gene"

Answer 38

Proto-oncogene

Question 39

What is known as the "Cancer gene"

Answer 39

Oncogene

Question 40

What always stimulates division whether conditions are good or not

Answer 40

Oncogene

Question 41

Suppresses cell division when conditions are not right, repairs DNA mistake, or tells cell when to die

Answer 41

Tumor suppressor

Question 42

Can detect and repair DNA damage

Answer 42

Tumor suppressor

Question 43

what never stops cell division, allowing tumors to keep growing; can override checkpoint

Answer 43

Mutated tumor suppressor

Question 44

Grow, divide, die in orderly way, rapid growth to adulthood, Cells divides only to replace worn-out or dying cells and to repair injuries

Answer 44

Normal cells

Question 45

crow in uncontrolled and invasive way, involves a gene disorder that fails to control cell division, unrestrained growth and division, cell cycle never stops, cancer cells continue to grow and form new abnormal cells

Answer 45

Cancer cells

Question 46

Benign , malignant, and metastasis are all types of what

Answer 46

Tumors

Question 47

what type of tumors are encapsulated and noninvasive

Answer 47

Benign

Question 48

What type of tumors are not encapsulated, invasive

Answer 48

Malignant tumor

Question 49

when cancer cells enter the blood steam or lymph vessels and spread to other organs, retain their original characteristics

Answer 49

Metastasis

Question 50

for cancers to develop there must be what

Answer 50

Mutated tumor suppressor, mutated proto-oncogene, or other mutations

Question 51

from epithelial tissue, the most common

Answer 51

Carinomas

Question 52

From connective tissue

Answer 52

Sarcoma

Question 53

Malignant tumor of lymph nodes

Answer 53

Lymphoma

Question 54

From tissue that make blood, cells circulate through other tissue where they grow, Don't form tumors as in most other forms of cancer

Answer 54

Leukemia

Question 55

Anything that increases a person's chance of getting the disease

Answer 55

Risk factor

Question 56

What is the average risk of developing cancer in men in the U.S.

Answer 56

40.1%

Question 57

What is the average risk of developing cancer in women in the U.S.

Answer 57

38.7%