Final Exam

Question 1

When should we consider a radiography exam a sterile procedure?

Answer 1

Anytime we are required to puncture the skin for the exam.

Question 2

What is surgical asepsis?

Answer 2

Eliminates microorganisms before they enter an open surgical wound or contaminate a sterile field.

Question 3

Where should the hands be kept once you’ve scrubbed in?

Answer 3

Above the waist

Question 4

How should two people who are scrubbed in pass each other?

Answer 4

Back to Back

Question 5

What happens if you leave a sterile field unattended?

Answer 5

It is no longer sterile

Question 6

What should you do if you think you might have contaminated something?

Answer 6

Say something.

Question 7

When opening a sterile tray, the first flap you should open is?

Answer 7

Opened away from you.

Question 8

What happens if you are scrubbed in and turn your back on the sterile field?

Answer 8

It is no longer sterile.

Question 9

When using betadine for scrubbing a patient, you should work in a circular motion, moving from ______ to _____.

Answer 9

Inside to outside

Question 10

Are radiographers able to place or remove a urinary catheter?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

Which is the most common type of urinary catheter?

Answer 11

Folley Balloon Retention Catheter

Question 12

Where should the reservoir bag of a urinary catheter always be kept?

Answer 12

Lower than the bladder

Question 13

What is medical asepsis?

Answer 13

Good housekeeping/cleanliness

Question 14

When cleaning up spills and contaminated areas you should clean from ________ __.

Answer 14

Outside in

Question 15

Medical Asepsis is also called?

Answer 15

Practical Asepsis

Question 16

What is a disinfectant?

Answer 16

A chemical substance that is used to kill bacteria on non-living things.

Question 17

What is an antiseptic?

Answer 17

A chemical substance that is used to kill bacteria on living things.

Question 18

What are the procedures that are non-sterile procedures?

Answer 18

• Neonate: Protective or Reverse Isolation
• SCBE: Single Contrast Barium Enema
• DCBE: Double Contrast Barium Enema
• NG/NI Tube: Nasogastric Tube
• Urinals and Bedpans
• Emesis Basins

Question 19

What is a clean tech/dirty tech?

Answer 19

Clean tech: Handle tube and equipment
Dirty Tech: Touches pt

Question 20

What are the 4 ways to assess vital signs?

Answer 20

1) Temperature
2) BP
3) Respiration
4) Pulse

Question 21

What are the normal body temperature readings for Oral?

Answer 21

98.6 F
37 C

Question 22

What are the normal body temperature readings for Rectal?

Answer 22

99.6 F
37.6 C

Question 23

What are the normal body temperature readings for Axillary?

Answer 23

97.6 F
36.4 C

Question 24

What are the normal body temperature readings for Temporal (forehead)?

Answer 24

97.6 F
36.4 C

Question 25

What are the normal body temperature readings for Tympanic?

Answer 25

96.4 F 35.8 C

Question 26

What are the other terms that define a fever?

Answer 26

Febrile Pyrexia

Question 27

What are the normal respiration rates for adults?

Answer 27

15-20 per min

Question 28

What are the normal respiration rates for neonates?

Answer 28

30-50 per min

Question 29

What are the 4 ways we can evaluate respiration?

Answer 29

1) Rate 2) Rhythm 3) Depth 4) Character (Quality)

Question 30

What are the 6 different areas of the body to assess pulse?

Answer 30

Carotid Radial Brachial Temporal Femoral Pedal

Question 31

What are the normal ranges for pulse in adults?

Answer 31

60-100 BPM

Question 32

What are the normal rates for pulse in neonates?

Answer 32

90-140 BPM

Question 33

What is tachycardia?

Answer 33

Fast heartrate

Question 34

What is Bradycardia?

Answer 34

Slow heartrate

Question 35

3 ways to evaluate pulse rates?

Answer 35

Rhythm (regular or irregular) Quality (strength) Rate (bpm)

Question 36

What is arrythmia?

Answer 36

Irregular heart/pulse

Question 37

What are the two parameters (top #/bottom #) when taking blood pressure?

Answer 37

Systolic Diastolic

Question 38

What is atherosclerosis?

Answer 38

Fatty plaque on the inside of the arteries that leads to a complete occlusion or narrowing

Question 39

What is hypertension?

Answer 39

High blood pressure

Question 40

What is stenosis?

Answer 40

Narrowing of a vessel

Question 41

What is the average blood pressure range for adults?

Answer 41

120/80

Question 42

What is hypoxemia?

Answer 42

Too little oxygen in the blood

Question 43

What is hyperoxia?

Answer 43

Too much oxygen in blood

Question 44

What is cyanosis?

Answer 44

Blueness

Question 45

Purpose of oximeter?

Answer 45

Measures the saturation of oxygen carried in the red blood cells

Question 46

What is angina?

Answer 46

Chest pain caused by the reduced blood flow to the heart.

Question 47

What is fibrillation?

Answer 47

Irregular heart rate that commonly causes poor blood flow.

Question 48

Wheezing

Answer 48

High-pitched whistling sound made while breathing. Could be asthma.

Question 49

Stridor

Answer 49

Squeak on inhalation

Question 50

Apnea

Answer 50

Pause on breathing

Question 51

Dyspnea

Answer 51

Difficulty breathing (SHOB)

Question 52

Tachypnea

Answer 52

Rapid breathing

Question 53

Bradypnea

Answer 53

Slow breathing

Question 54

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 54

When arteries become damaged from factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, and genetic influences.

Question 55

Cardiomegaly

Answer 55

Enlarged heart

Question 56

Atelectasis

Answer 56

Complete or partial collapse of a lung

Question 57

Pneumothorax

Answer 57

Collapsed lung

Question 58

What is disease?

Answer 58

Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system of the body.

Question 59

What is infection?

Answer 59

Establishment and growth of a microorganism on or in a host, resulting in injury to the host.

Question 60

4 types of pathogens

Answer 60

Bacteria Virus Fungi Parasites

Question 61

Viruses treated with antibiotics?

Answer 61

No

Question 62

2 types of fungi

Answer 62

Yeast Mold

Question 63

Stages of infectious disease

Answer 63

Encounter Entry Spread Multiplication Damage Outcome

Question 64

Stages of chain of infection

Answer 64

Host Infectious Microorganism Mode of transportation Reservoir

Question 65

Vector?

Answer 65

A carrier of a disease-causing agent from an infected individual to a non-infected individual or its food or environment.

Question 66

Fomite?

Answer 66

Inanimate objects that can carry and spread disease and infectious agents.

Question 67

Nosocomial/Hospital acquired infection

Answer 67

Infections acquired during the process of receiving healthcare that were not present during the time of admission.

Question 68

Factors that encourage nosocomial infections?

Answer 68

Age Heredity Nutritional Status Stress Inadequate rest or exercise Personal choice habits Health history Inadequate defenses

Question 69

Define standard precautions

Answer 69

Incorporate the features of both body fluid precautions and body substance isolation

Question 70

Steps to take to practice standard precaution

Answer 70

Hand washing Gloving Needle Capping

Question 71

Define airborne precaution

Answer 71

Apply to pt known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei

Question 72

Steps to take to practice airborne precaution

Answer 72

Gloves Gown Eye Protection Mask Hand Washing

Question 73

Define droplet precautions

Answer 73

Apply to pt known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by respiratory droplets (coughing, sneezing, talking)

Question 74

Steps to practice droplet precautions

Answer 74

Pt in single room if possible Mask Limit transportation of pt

Question 75

Define contact precautions

Answer 75

Apply to pt known or suspected infections that represent an increased risk for contact precautions

Question 76

Steps to practice contact precautions

Answer 76

Gloves Gown Limit transport Disposable Equipment Cleaning and Disinfectant