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DPT 730 > FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four variables of stabilization?

A

joint integrity
passive stiffness
neural input
muscle function

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2
Q

what are the four possible causes of inhibited and/or dysfunctional muscles?

A

P!
swelling
disuse/immobilization
joint laxity
NOT a damaged nerve

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3
Q

pain phenotyping

A

set of observable pain characteristics of an individual that results from body + environment interaction

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4
Q

nociceptive P!

A

injury or damage to an individual tissue at a particular location that is a non-nervous tissue
(MSK + spondylogenic and viscerogenic)

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5
Q

neuropathic P!

A

nervous tissue is compromised and causes paresthesias and/or numbness (radicular + radiculopathy + peripheral)

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6
Q

nociplastic P!

A

altered/mismatched/heightened pain perception without evidence of actual/threatened tissue compromise

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7
Q

spondylogenic P!

A

common, from the spine
local and/or referred spinal P! from noxious stimulation of spine structures
CANNOT cause visceral dysfunction
NON-segmental P! because it is not from a spinal nerve
vague, deep, achy P!

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8
Q

somatic convergence

A

sensory afferents converge on and share the same innervation therefore symptoms are felt away from the source

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9
Q

viscerogenic P!

A

referred pain from an organ
vague, deep, achy, and boring P!
neuro scan WNL
not mechanically reproduced

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10
Q

viscerosomatic convergence

A

viscera and somatic (body) sensory afferents converge and share the same innervation

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11
Q

radicular P!

A

NOT common
HIGHLY INFLAMED spinal nerve (dorsal root)
electric shock like pain
+ dural mobility tests

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12
Q

radiculopathy P!

A

decreased conduction of spinal nerve due to compression and/or inflammation
often constant and long duration
may exist with radicular P!
segmental paresthesias from a spinal nerve
follows a dermatomal pattern
+ neuro scan for spinal nerve hypoactivity

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13
Q

peripheral nerve P!

A

decreased conduction of nerve branch
short numbness duration (temporary)
non-segmental paresthesias (not from a spinal nerve)
often intermittent and short duration
dermatomes, DTRs, myotomes WNL
decreased sensation along peripheral nerve distribution
+ dural mobility tests due to inflammation

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14
Q

imaging: better at ruling in or out?

A

better at ruling OUT!

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15
Q

4 diagnosis categories and classifications of neck P!

A

neck P! with mobility deficits (hypomobility)
neck P! with movement coordination impairments (whiplash + hypermobility)
neck P! with headaches
neck P! with radiating P!

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16
Q

4 neck P! Rx regions

A

cervical
shoulder girdle
thoracic
shoulder region

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17
Q

type I collagen

A

resists tension
greater in outer annulus
fibrocartilage and bone

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18
Q

type II collagen

A

resists compression
greater in the nucleus
articular cartilage

19
Q

protrusion (bulge)

A

MOST COMMON herniation
nucleus migrates but remains contained in the annulus

20
Q

extrusion

A

nucleus migrates through the outer annulus

21
Q

free sequestration

A

nucleus migrates and breaks away from the annulus

22
Q

most common type of herniation

A

protrusion (bulge)

23
Q

covers ends of long bones and facets
frictionless/resistant to wear
type II collagen
resists compression
neural/alymphatic/avascular
depends on diffusion

A

articular cartilage

24
Q

3 primary types of headaches

A

tension
migraine
cluster

25
Q

secondary type of headache

A

cervicogenic

26
Q

tension headache acronym

A

BAND

27
Q

migraine headache acronym

A

POUNDS

28
Q

cluster headache acronym

A

CRUSHING

29
Q

tendon structure

A

dense regular connective tissue
type I collagen
parallel fibers (for more unidirectional loads)

30
Q

tendon function

A

resists tension and releases energy with muscle actions
more stiffness = better force transmission or storing of potential energy

31
Q

scapular motions before 150 degrees

A

elevation
upward rotation
protraction

32
Q

scapular motions after 150 degrees

A

depression
retraction
posterior tilt

33
Q

mid portion of tendon

A

hypovascular
hyponeural

34
Q

insertion of tendon

A

hypervascular
hyperneural

35
Q

regional interdependence

A

differing body regions are biomechanically and neurophysiologically interdependent so impairment in one region can contribute to impairment in another, particularly if persistent

36
Q

most common segment of joint dysfunction + etiology for regional interdependence

A

C5-C6

37
Q

C5-C6 regional interdependence

A

IMBALANCE WITH OVERHEAD REACHING = excessively recruited internal rotators + external rotators get inhibited, humeral head gets pulled anteriorly and into IR which creates excess tension and compression underneath long head of biceps tendon (can lead to impingement + tendinopathy)

38
Q

C2-C3 regional interdependence

A

IMBALANCE WITH OVERHEAD REACHING = excessively recruited scapular elevators, elevation compensation creates excess tension and compression underneath supraspinatus tendon (tendinopathy) + scapular depressors are inhibited (impingement especially if > 150 degrees), supraspinatus and long head of biceps tendons will impinge and can lead to tendinoapthy and GH or AC joint hypermobility/instability (due to hypomobility in the scapulothoracic joint)

39
Q

SLAP tear

A

long head of biceps excessively contracts and tears labrum in the anterior-posterior direction (may have to surgically fixate bicep’s tendon aka tenodesis)

40
Q

precautions for the first 6 weeks post op total shoulder arthroplasty

A

no pushing, pulling, or lifting
avoid hyperextension position/motion because it stresses the prosthetic too much
ROM 2x/day

41
Q

primary etiology of frozen shoulder contracture syndrome

A

due to pathology, particularly autoimmune conditions

42
Q

secondary etiology of frozen shoulder contracture syndrome

A

concomitant injury and period of immobilization

43
Q

pathogenesis of frozen shoulder contracture syndrome

A

more often inflammation of GH capsule and ligaments (persistent inflammation, fibrosis, contracture) + reduced joint volume = leads to impingement due to hypomobility

DPT 730 (1 decks)

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