Final Exam

Question 1

Second Triumvirate

Answer 1

43 BC

Question 2

Battle of Actium (date)

Answer 2

31 bc

Question 3

Octavian Caesar receives the titles Princeps and Augustus (date)

Answer 3

27 BC

Question 4

Reign of Augustus (date)

Answer 4

27 BC- 14 AD

Question 5

Crucifixion of Jesus in Jerusalem (date)

Answer 5

30 AD

Question 6

Great fir of Rome (date)

Answer 6

64 AD

Question 7

Titus captures Jerusalem and destroys the Jewish temple (date)

Answer 7

70 AD

Question 8

The five good Emperors (date)

Answer 8

97-180 AD

Question 9

Great Persecution of Christians (date)

Answer 9

303-312 AD

Question 10

Edict of Milan (date)

Answer 10

313 AD

Question 11

Foundation of Constantinople (date)

Answer 11

324 AD

Question 12

Council of Nicaea (date)

Answer 12

325 AD

Question 13

Battle of Adrianople (date)

Answer 13

378 AD

Question 14

Christianity becomes official religion of the Roman Empire (date)

Answer 14

391 AD

Question 15

Sack of Rome by the Visigoths: (date)

Answer 15

410 AD

Question 16

Germanic commander Odoacer deposes last Western Emperor (date)

Answer 16

476 AD

Question 17

Who was in the second Triumvirate?

Answer 17

Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus

Question 18

Why did the 2nd Triumvirate break up?

Answer 18

Octavian and M.A. pushed Lebidus out of the way and fought between themselves. M. A allyed with Egypt, but Oct used that against him by telling people M would make Cleopatra the queen over Rome

Question 19

Who was Cleopatra?

Answer 19

Queen of Egypt and Mark Antony’s girlfriend

Question 20

What was the Battle Of Actium?

Answer 20

The naval battle between Octavian and Mark Antony. It was won by Octavian in 30 BC. Mark and Cleo fled to Egpyt and committed suicide.

Question 21

What does “Augustus” mean?

Answer 21

The honorary name meaning “divinely favored” that the Roman Senate bestowed on Octavia: it became Roman short hand for “Roman Imperial ruler”

Question 22

What does Princeps mean?

Answer 22

First man

Question 23

What is the principate?

Answer 23

Roman political system invended by Augustus as a disguised monarchy with the princeps as emperor.

Question 24

What were Augustus powers?

Answer 24

1. Tribunician power: included veto
2. Proconsul with imperium over all armies.

Question 25

Praetorian. Guard

Answer 25

The group of soldiers station in Rome under the emperor's control; the first was formed by Augustus

Question 26

Julio-Claudian Emperors

Answer 26

The ruling family of the early principate from Augustus through Nero, descended from the aristocratic families of the Julian's and the Claudians

Question 27

Tiberius

Answer 27

Adopted son of Augustus who became a suspicious and tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career while Jesus was alive on earth (42bc to 37ad)

Question 28

Nero

Answer 28

First Roman Emperor to persecute Christains

Question 29

Vespasian and Flavian Dynasty

Answer 29

Vespasian restored stability to Rome following the reign of Nero and the Civil Wars that had wreaked havoc on the empire, and particularly on Italy.

Question 30

Titus and the destruction of Jerusalem

Answer 30

Titus had suppressed the Jewish revolt, capturing Jerusalem in 70 destroying the temple

Question 31

Who where the 5 good Emperors

Answer 31

Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus* Pius, Marcus Aurelius

Question 32

Who where the Decurions

Answer 32

Municipal Senate members in the Roman Empire for collecting local taxes.

Question 33

Romanization

Answer 33

The spread of Roman law and Culture within the Roman Empire

Question 34

Who was the first bishop of Rome

Answer 34

Peter

Question 35

Power of Bishops

Answer 35

They possessed authority to define Christian doctrine and administer practical affairs for congregations

Question 36

Apostolic Secession

Answer 36

The principle by which Christian Bishops traced their authority back to the apostles of Jesus

Question 37

Orthodoxy

Answer 37

True Doctrine

Question 38

Heresy

Answer 38

False Doctrine

Question 39

Debasement of coinage and inflation

Answer 39

Putting less silver in a coin without changing its face value; a failed financial strategy during the 3 century. It raised prices instead of lowering them

Question 40

Caracalla grants citizenship to whole Empire

Answer 40

This was done to raise taxes. It was for free men.

Question 41

Crisis of the 3rd century

Answer 41

Civil War Over 24 Emperors Plague Economic depression

Question 42

Colosseum.

Answer 42

Rome's fifty-thousand-seat amphitheater built by the Flavian dynasty for gladiatorial combats and other spectacles.

Question 43

First persecution of Christains by Nero

Answer 43

Covered Christians in animal skins to be torn apart by dogs or fastened to crosses and set of fire at night as torches

Question 44

Martyr

Answer 44

Greek word for "witness" the term is used for someone who dies for their faith.

Question 45

Barbarian invasions across the Rhine and Danube rivers

Answer 45

These were very aggressive attacks from raiders. The barbarians where multiethnic and not well organized, but they developed military discipline through fighting the Roman's. The invasions were especially bad during the reign of Marcus Aurelius

Question 46

Enlistment of invading barbarians as Soldiers in the Roman Army.

Answer 46

The Barbarians where brave, so the Roman's let them settle on their boarders and enlisted them as soldiers.

Question 47

Second Major persecution of Christainy

Answer 47

Christains were blamed for the third century crisis and where persecuted by Emperor Decius. The persecution was ended by Emperor Gallienus

Question 48

The "dominate"

Answer 48

The word used to describe Roman rule after Diocletian. It comes from the word Dominus, meaning lord or Master, which Diocletian gave to himself as a title

Question 49

Who was Diocletian?

Answer 49

Born as a uneducated peasant; Diocletian moved up through the army to become Emperor in 284. He ended the Civil War by imposing the most autocratic system of rule in Roman History. He resigned in 305 which started more civil wars.

Question 50

Tetrarchy

Answer 50

"Rule by four" Diocletian appointed three others to rule with him, with himself as their head. Each ruler controlled one of four districts

Question 51

Great Persecution

Answer 51

Started by Diocletian in 303 because he Feared that the national threat came from angry gods. The persecution included exiling, taking property, taking down churches, and executing Christians. It failed and undermined social stability