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ENGL 142 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

Study for Final exam (102 cards)

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1
Q

literature

A

Literature that holds value and meaning

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2
Q

governance

A

the act or process of governing or overseeing the control and direction of something

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3
Q

discourse

A

multiple systems of written, spoken, and other forms of communication that frame how reality is perceived and acted upon by individuals.

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4
Q

stereotype

A

A preconceived and oversimplified idea of the characteristics which typify a person, situation, etc.; an attitude based on such a preconception.

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5
Q

historical fiction

A

a genre that involves ‘extensive research’, gives a ‘detailed’ and ‘realistic ‘ depiction of a specific time and place’
-It asks: what was it like to be alive at this particular time and place?

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6
Q

close third-person narration

A

a ‘storytelling strategy’ that employs an omniscient or near-omniscient narrator but stays close to a single character

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7
Q

Paleo-Indian period

A

The Paleo-Indian Period (13,000-10,000BP)
traveled in small groups over large areas
relatively egalitarian and kin-based
ate plants and small game (e.g. deer)

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8
Q

Archaic period

A

he Archaic Period (10,000BP-3,000BP)
relatively egalitarian and kin-based
diet is increasingly seasonal
established small, seasonal camps

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9
Q

Henrietta Maria

A

Maryland named after

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10
Q

Woodland period

A

The Woodland Period (3,000BP-400BP)
population growth because of abundant food
societies become more hierarchical (“big man”)
growing conflict between tribes

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11
Q

King Charles I

A

Signed it so second lord Baltimore owned Maryland

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12
Q

Cecil Calvert

A

Second lord baltimore, founder of Maryland colony

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13
Q

March 25, 1634

A

the English ships, the Ark and Dove arrived with settlers (a carefully selected group of Catholics and Protestants) and landed at St. Clements Island in St. Mary’s County

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14
Q

Mathias de Sousa

A

An indentured slave first on the arc to be sold in Maryland

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15
Q

kairos

A

Time

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16
Q

telos

A

Purpose

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17
Q

intended audience

A

the ‘recipients’ a creator ‘has in mind’ when they are making a literary work or other cultural text

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18
Q

hybrid collectif

A

A sociological theory (callon and law) that says ‘agency’ at any given space and time is produced by the interaction of ‘heterogenous human and nonhuman’ actants.

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19
Q

addressed audience

A

the ‘recipients’ who ‘in fact consume’ a literary work or other cultural text

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20
Q

racial formation

A

analytical tool in sociology, developed by Michael Omi and Howard Winant, which is used to look at race as a socially constructed identity, where the content and importance of racial categories are determined by social, economic, and political forces.

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21
Q

social death

A

the condition of people not accepted as fully human by wider society. It refers to when someone is treated as if they are dead or non-existent.

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22
Q

Battle of Long Island

A

It was the first major battle to take place after the United States declared its independence

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23
Q

positive liberty (e.g. right to access to medical care, right to bodily autonomy, right to assemble freely, freedom to choose religion)

A

the possibility of acting, or the fact of acting, in such a way as to take control of one’s life and realizing one’s fundamental purposes

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24
Q

private sphere

A

A domain of individuality and family that is generally seen as non-competitive and walled off from direct government involvement (family focus)

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25
negative liberty (e.g. freedom from illegal search and seizure, right to avoid self-incriminatation)
the absence of obstacles, barriers, or constraints
26
public sphere
A social space in a democracy in which different opinions are expressed, problems of general concern are discussed, and collective solutions are developed communication (male dominated)
27
War of 1812
-A 30-month war between the US and England over trade rights and territorial expansion -Declared in June 1812 -Ended in December 1814 at Treaty of Ghent
28
Battle of Bladensburg
That night the British victors occupied the nation's capital and destroyed most of the public buildings. The defeat at Bladensburg and the enemy occupation of the capital made August 24 the darkest day of the war for the United States
29
internal structure
Discursive Structure Narrative Structure Dramatic Structure Meditative Structure Descriptive Structure how the main body of the text is organized. It will be organized a certain way depending on its purpose.
30
trickster tale
a story featuring a protagonist (often an anthropomorphized animal) who has magical powers and who is characterized as a compendium of opposites.
31
novel of manners
work of fiction that re-creates a social world, conveying with detailed observation the complex of customs, values, and mores of a stratified society
32
affordance
a term used to describe the potential uses or actions latent in materials and designs.
33
Narration
when the narrator directly addresses the reader
34
Description
foregrounds sensory details, especially mental imagary
35
Exposition
conveying basic information about the story world (e.g. backstory)
36
Dialogue
the representation of speech between one or more character
37
Interiority
shows an internal view of a character’s thoughts and feelings. This interior view is explicitly filtered through the character’s personality. It can be unreliable (i.e. It may contradict the narrator).
38
constraint
literary technique in which the writer is bound by some condition that forbids certain things or imposes a pattern. Constraints are very common in poetry, which often requires the writer to use a particular verse form.
39
enjambment
the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.
40
anaphora
Literacy technique where several phrases or words are used repeatedly to add an artistic effect: Every breath you take, and Every move you make, Every bond your break-
41
closed-form poetry
consists of poems that follow patterns of lines, meter, rhymes, and stanzas
42
open-form poetry
poems that DO NOT follow patterns of lines, meter, rhymes, and stanzas
43
standard stanzas (couplet, quatrain, sestet, octave)
couplet: 2 quatrain: 4 sestet: 6 octave: 8
44
segmentivity
the act of dividing or partitioning; separation by the creation of a boundary that divides or keeps apart
45
Missouri Compromise
federal legislation of the United States that balanced desires of northern states to prevent the expansion of slavery in the country with those of southern states to expand it.
46
Fugitive Slave Act
required that slaves be returned to their owners, even if they were in a free state
47
slave narrative
description of successful attempt(s) to escape, lying by during the day, traveling by night guided by the North Star, reception in a free state by Quakers who offer a lavish breakfast and much genial thee/thou conversation
48
The Compromise of 1877
Unwritten deal that settled the intensely disputed 1876 U.S. presidential election. It resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South, and formally ended the Reconstruction Era. Allowed jim crow laws
49
Reconstruction
the historic period in which the United States grappled with the question of how to integrate millions of newly freed African Americans into social, political, and labor systems, was a time of significant transformation within the United States.
50
Black Atlantic
the transmission of black cultures around the Atlantic, and the instances of cultural hybridity, that occurred as a result of transatlantic slavery and its legacy.
51
nadir of race relations
when racism in the country, and particularly anti-black racism, was more open and pronounced than it had ever been during any other
52
politics of fulfillment (manifest destiny)
the divinely ordained right of the United States to expand its borders to the Pacific Ocean and beyond
53
uplift ideology
Racial uplift is a term within the African-American community that motivates educated blacks to be responsible in the lifting of their race
54
epigraph
a short quotation or saying at the beginning of a book or chapter, intended to suggest its theme.
55
intertextuality
the relationship between texts, especially literary ones. A text deriving from another text
56
Literary History vs. Literary Analysis
Literary History:historical development of writings in prose or poetry that attempt to provide entertainment or education to the reader, as well as the development of the literary techniques used in the communication of these pieces. Literary Analysis:a paper on one, or many, of the key elements in a text and how they support a main idea or purpose Ex. Poe's writing vs analysis of poe's writing
57
unity of effect
determining what effect you would like to have on a reader and carrying that effect through all the elements of your story or poem.
58
vignettes
a short piece of writing that does not have a beginning, middle, and end but rather focuses on a specific moment in time and the details within it
59
bildungsroman
a novel dealing with one person's formative years or spiritual education. Coming of age story
60
Freytag's pyramid
exposition inciting incident rising action climax falling action resolution denouement
61
puns
a joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words which sound alike but have different meanings.
62
Camp
exaggerated and amusing, often in a way that is thought to be typical of some male homosexuals. Ex. Drag shows, gay "accent", etc.
63
Closure
The degree to which the ending of a narrative film reveals the effects of all the casual events (or “close off”) all lines of action.
64
DIEGESIS
objects, events, spaces and the characters that inhabit them, including things, actions, and attitudes not explicitly presented in the film but inferred by the audience.
65
FOCUS
degree to which light rays coming from any particular part of an object pass through the lens and reconverge at the same point on a frame of the film negative, creating sharp outlines and distinct textures that match the original object.
66
MISE-EN-SCENE
All the things that are “put in the scene”: the setting, the decor, the lighting, the costumes, the performance etc.
67
What are 6 leading theories on why humans read and write literature?
1. Entertainment and Pleasure 2. Catharsis and Emotional Release 3. Intellectual Stimulation and Education 4. Exploration of Human Nature and Existence 5. Social Connection and Empathy 6. Escapism and Fantasy
68
What were two dominant stereotypes European settler colonists used to legitimize and carry out the dispossession of Indigenous people in Maryland and beyond?
the “bloodthirsty savage” – a colonizing stereotype that depicts Native people as uncivilized and murderous populations that threatened innocent whites the “noble savage” – a colonizing stereotype that depicts Native people as noble but simple people destined to be replaced by civilized whites
69
Broadly speaking, how did Native communities change over time prior to European colonization?
environmental shifts, technological advancements, and cultural exchanges. Initially hunter-gatherers, some transitioned to agricultural societies, while others built complex urban centers like the mound-building cultures. They also engaged in extensive cultural exchange and developed hierarchical social structures. This history showcases their resilience and cultural diversity over thousands of years.
70
At contact and conquest, how was the Indian system of property different than the European system of property?
The tribes land is for everyone but European introduced private property
71
At the time of European conquest, most Indians of the Chesapeake region belonged to which tribe?
Powhatan
72
How did contact and conquest change both European and Indian communities during the 1600s?
Soon American Indians depended on European items for daily needs. Colonial traders also brought rum, and this drink caused many problems for some tribes. New trade goods brought from across the Atlantic Ocean changed American Indian lives forever. A third big change connected to this new trade was slavery. Copper became less valuable as did a lot of other things
73
What are the three Native tribes that the state of Maryland recognizes today?
Piscataway Indian Nation, the Piscataway Conoy Tribe, and the Accohannock Indian Tribe
74
How many Maryland tribes does the federal government recognize?
2
75
What were the major historical developments in Maryland during its first 100 years as a colony?
1. Establishment of the Maryland Colony 2.Growth of Settlements 3.Conflict with Native Americans: 4.Transition to Slavery:
76
How did slavery in the colonies differ from slavery in Africa?
institution took different forms and had different social, economic, and legal implications in each context. ex. slavery in Africa was mainly to pay off debt while slavery in the colonies were for plantation or forced upon
77
What were the major changes to Maryland society after the Revolutionary War?
1. Abolition of Slavery: 2.Westward Expansion 3.Industrialization
78
What are the major conventions of the slave narrative as a genre?
1.First-person narration 2.Chronological structure 3.Testimony of suffering 4.Quest for freedom 5.Moral and religious themes 6.Education and literacy
79
What were the major trends and developments of the Reconstruction period? How did those trends change during the period of race relations known as the "nadir"?
1.Jim Crow Laws 2.Voter Suppression 3.Rise of White Supremacy
80
How did African American authors respond to black soldiers in the First World War?
1.Celebration of Patriotism 2.Critique of Segregation 3.Exploration of Identity 4.Advocacy for Social Change
81
Voyage One: 1583”, “The River”—excerpt from Chesapeake (1978)
James Michener
82
“Instructions to the Colonists” (1633)
Cecil Calvert, Lord Baltimore
83
“A Brief Relation of the Voyage Unto Maryland” (1634)
Father Andrew White
84
“Some Memoirs of the Life of Job” (1734)
Thomas Bluett
85
“Account of the Destruction of the Brig ‘Peggy Stewart at Annapolis” (1774)
John Galloway
86
“Letter to Thomas Jefferson, the Secretary of State, with His Reply” (1791)
Benjamin Banneker
87
Mistress of Riversdale (1812-1814)
Rosalee Calvert Letters
88
“The Star Spangled Banner” (1814)
Francis Scott Key
89
“MS. Found in a Bottle” (1833)
Edgar Allan Poe
90
“Poe's 'MS. Found in a Bottle' and the Dangers of Mobility." MLS (2013)
Miskolcze, Robin
91
"The Raven" AND "The Philosophy of Composition"
Edgar Allan Poe
92
The Life of Josiah Henson, Formerly a Slave,… (1849)
Josiah Henson
93
"What to the Slave is the Fourth of July" (1852)
Frederick Douglass
94
“Bible Defense of Slavery” (1851) & "Bury Me in a Free Land" (1854)
Frances E. W. Harper
95
"A Colored Social Settlement” (1904), 2} "A Social Settlement in South Washington” (1905), and 3} “My Heritage” (1925)
Sarah Collins Fernandis (1901-1922)
96
"The Baltimore of the Eighties" (1940)
H.L. Mencken
97
"Three American Immortals" (1919)
H.L. Mencken
98
"Prayer to Saint Rita" (1938)
Kerr, Sophie
99
Isabel, Isabel, didn't worry, Isabel didn't scream or scurry. She nibbled the zwieback that she always fed off, And when it was gone, she cut the giant's head off.
Ogden Nash
100
"Hairspray" (1988)
John Waters
101
“O.J. Simpson, Racial Utopia and the Moment That Inspired My Novel” (2012)
Michael Chabon
102
"The Boondocks” (1996)
Aaron McGruder

ENGL 142 (1 decks)

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