Final Exam Flashcards
_____ is the maximum amount of loudness of a sound heard before causing pain
threshold
________ is the gap between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron
synapse
Which of the following is true about AP?
Action potential is electrochemical process involving sodium and potassium
______ is a systematic way of studying/categorizing the stimulus that is sensed. It is way to research and have equations to tie to the physical world.
Sensation
The ease of a mom being able to tell the difference between a crying baby and her crying baby is an example of
Sensitivity
Which of the following cranial nerves are dedicated to sensory information
All answers are correct
_______ is the functioning of our sensory system
Dr. Jones, a radiologist, is trying to read mammograms. He can detect cancer from other abnormalities of the mammogram. he is using:
Signal Detection theory
The _____ is used to determine when you can hear a sound or not when doing a hearing test
criterion
The founder of psychophysics is:
Gastav Fechner
Giving meaning to someone touching our shoulder.
perception
Retronasal olfactory sensation is best described as:
When we sense the smell of our pizza while chewing it.
Taste buds are located on:
papillae
Supertasters have more of ____ papillae
fungiform
We are born to like chili peppers
False
According to the textbook, does holding my nose while eating sour sauerkraut decreasing the strength of the taste?
yes, holding one’s nose helps decrease the flavor
_____– slender projections of the cell membrane on the tips of some taste bud cells
microvilli
According to the textbook, we are hardwired to like or dislike the main basic tastes
true
Non-taster have a higher incidence of drinking alcohol and smoking
true
________ is the branch cranial nerve is responsible for caring information from taste receptors to the brain
chorda tympani
Which of the following are the main categories of taste?
sweet, sour, bitter, salty, and umami
Taste buds are located only on the tongue
false
Which of the following statements best describe current research on taste maps
Taste varies among individuals, but there are concentrations of certain taste receptors on the tongue
Sensations evoked by solutions in the mouth that contact the receptors on the tongue, and the roof of the mouth is called
taste
Which of the following is the basic pathway of taste?
The sensation of taste starts on the taste buds to the papillae, to the cranial nerves (IV, IX, X) to the thalamus to primary taste cortex
There is no scientific evidence for pharmacological effects of odors for humans
true
At what age does our smell start to decline?
50s
Humans rely on pheromones as strongly as other animals
false
Rosa does not notice her house smell smells like wet dog. However, when I go into the house, it is the first thing I smell. What term best describes Rosa not smelling it?
cognitive habituation
When does those with Parkinson’s start to lose their smell?
years before the person shows other symptoms
Which of the following animals are good at smelling according to the textbook
All are correct
The smell of a rotten egg is a _____; sulfur is the _________
odor;odorant
The process of smelling is called:
olfaction
In general, the textbook states that ______ are better at smell than _____
females; males
If the cribriform plate is fractured, anosmia can occur.
true
Which of the following is true concerning the olfactory epithelium
The textbook mentions it is like the retina of the nose
Contains 3 different types of cells.
The olfactory cleft is where ______ is located
olfactory epithelium
The process of smelling what part of the olfactory system where the odorants first come into contact
olfactory epithelium
olfaction has a direct connection to the limbic system
true
Which of the following is most accurate and describing the pathway of smell?
Smell starts in the mucus of the olfactory epithelium on the cilia to the olfactory bulb to the primary olfactory cortex
________ the process occurs when we smell a flower
Orthonasal olfaction
Dogs have ______ times more olfactory sensory neurons than humans
100
Social touch has feelings, connected to it, based purely on a social construct
false
Amputees often report feeling sensations in their phantom, arms and hands when _________ was touched
face
Which receptors are most likely activated if you get stung by wasp
nociceptors
Choose all the characteristics of two point touch threshold mentioned by the textbook
It is smallest separation at which we can tell that we’re being touchedby two points
It is comparative to the visual acuity of the eyes
Although I have my eyes shut, I know that my feet are hanging off the bed. Which of the following terms best describes my perception
kinesthesia
______ pathway carries most of the information from Thermoreceptors and nociceptors from the spinal cord to the brain
spinothalamic pathway
Which of the following is most activated when a mother rubs her two-year-old back to get him asleep
C tactile (CT) afferents
Joey thinks back to when he had a car wreck and broke his femur and his pelvis. he can almost feel the pain. What area of the brain is associated with the thinking about pain?
Prefrontal Cortex
According to the textbook, Jonathan Cole had a virus that destroyed some of his kinesthetic receptors and mechanoreceptors. Which of the following examples describes his experience
He had to rely on vision to see where his body was placed in order to move around
______ is the transmission that pain acts like a gate that is pushed open by excitatory pain, signals, but closed by inhibitory inputs
gate control theory
Which of the following best describes the homunculus was discovered
Wilder Penfield charted the map while working with people with seizures
The hot bath water is is using which receptors
thermoreceptos
According to Loomis’s research on touch and patterns, which of the following with those who are blind, be able to distinguish best?
Dots used in Braille
Choose all of the following that is true about the dorsal horn
Axons of the tactile neuro fibers enter through the dorsal horn
Dorsal horn is organized in layers
Researchers found that tickling rats was ineffective when:
Tickling was ineffective when the rats were stressed.
_____ is the pathway from the spinal cord to the brain that carries signals from skin, muscles, tendons, and joints
dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway
And a study completed by Legge and colleagues, using braille and touch sensitivity, they found that those who are blind:
maintained their tactile sensitivity throughout their life.
Joan has lesions of the _____ that has caused her not to recognize objects when touching them with her right hand
Parital Lobe
After coming out of a cave, it takes my eyes several minutes to adjust. Which of the following has a slow adaptation to light?
rods
According to the textbook, light is conceptualized by _______ or a stream of photons.
wave
The vitreous humor is a(n)
gel-like fluid between the lens and retina
Cones are most highly concentrated in which area of the retina?
fovea
Our _____ is our perception of colors, red blue, green, and yellow.
hue
Jackson is farsighted. This is best defined by the term:
hyperopia
Looking at a pool noodle half above water and half in the water, it looks bent. This is best described as:
refraction
_____ is the part of the eye that the processing of neural impulses begin.
retina
______ is a watery fluid between the cornea and the iris.
aqueous humor
The Transparent “window” on the outer part of the eye that allows light into the eyeball is called:
pupil
A dark, circular opening at the center of the eye, were light, enters the eye, is called ________
pupil
All that are characteristics of rods
slow adaptibility
a photoreceptor
works in dim lig
This term refers to the process by which eye changes focus
accomadation
Where is the Blindspot located?
fovea
My eyes are green. What am I referring to?
iris
I have astigmatism. This means:
My cornea is not spherical, but rather shaped like a football.
Choose all of the following that are characteristics of cones
associated with color
most are in the fovea
