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Dairy Cattle Production > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

What federal milk marketing order does texas fall under?

A

Southwest region

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2
Q

What is the best definition of Nutrition

A

Study of obtaining, digesting, and absorbing food for bodily functions.

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3
Q

What is the Voluntary Waiting Period?

A

Period of time from freshening until the producer will start inseminating a cow.

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4
Q

What is the key factor in maintaining high milk production?

A

Feed Intake

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5
Q

What are the two main ligaments that support the Udder?

A

Medial Suspensory Ligament and Lateral SUspensory Ligament

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6
Q

What is the best definition used to describe genetic improvement?

A

Animal matched in a way that their offspring is superior to the population

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7
Q

What is component milk pricing based on?

A

The market price of manufactured dairy products as surveyed by the NASS (National Agricultural Statistics Service)

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8
Q

What is the definition of a Ruminanat?

A

An animal that is four-legged, even toed mammal with a four-compartment stomach.

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9
Q

What is a ration?

A

Amount of diet offered to animal.

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10
Q

What is Mastitis?

A

Inflammation of the udder usually occuring due to immune response to bacterial invasion.

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11
Q

What are the locaitons where reproductive technology is placed for estrus detection?

A

Ear, Leg, Neck, and Tail Head

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12
Q

Class 3 of milk classes

A

Hard Manufactured Products

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13
Q

What is the best definition of negative energy balance?

A

When energy demands for maintenance and lactation exceeds the dietary energy intake.

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14
Q

Clinical Mastitis ——

A

Visible abnormalities in the milk

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15
Q

Subclinical Mastitis ———-

A

Inflammation with no visible abnormalities

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16
Q

What does conception rate measure?

A

A Cow’s Fertility

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17
Q

What are the 6 parts of nutrition

A

Water, Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Minerals, and Vitamins

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18
Q

What is the formula for determining pregnancy rate?

A

Heat detection x Conception rate

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19
Q

What best defines precision technology for repro?

A

The use of technology to detect reproductive events such as when cows are in heat or are ready to calve.

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20
Q

Dry Matter Intake is Defined as

A

Amount of feed consumed on a moisture free basis.

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21
Q

What is metritis?

A

Growth of unhealthy Bacteria in the uterus.

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22
Q

A CIDR contains what Hormone?

A

Progesterone

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23
Q

Within the glandular tissue of an udder the alveoli are where?

A

Milk is synthesized and created

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24
Q

What best defines Total Mixed Ration?

A

All components are included in a single uniform mixture that is fed one or more times per day

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25
Q

Classified milk pricing segregates milk according to the elasticity or inelasticity of demand

A

Elasticity

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26
Q

Cows are positive for mastitis when somatic cell count is more than______

A

200,000

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27
Q

Federal orders set minimum prices for about __%of U.S Milk

A

70%

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28
Q

T/F The holding area is best designed as a long, narrow area that permits cows to enter the parlor without turning a corner

A

True

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29
Q

T/F Cows can not spontaneously recover from mastitis without the aid of antibiotics

A

False

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30
Q

T/F Each quarter of an udder functions individually and has milk drain through its own individual teat.

A

True

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31
Q

T/F Intensive grazing is not a type of feeding system.

A

False

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32
Q

T/F Nutrition is the largest expense of a dairy.

A

True

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33
Q

T/F For classified milk pricing, Class I is fluid Milk Products such as Whole Milk, Reduced Fat, Low Fat, and Nonfat Milk

A

True

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34
Q

What are two factors that affect milk prices?

A

Pounds and butter fat

35
Q

List two reasons why a cows teats are fore stripped before placing the milking unit.

A

-remove any dirt/bacteria
-Make sure milk is clea

36
Q

What are the 3 steps of drying off cows?

A
  1. seperate the cow
  2. dry the cow
  3. dry cow treatment
37
Q

What is a ration?

A

Amount of diet offered to an animal

38
Q

List two goals of a milking center?

A

Harvest and handle high quality milk.
Milk clean, dry teats

39
Q

Explain the difference between estrus and estrous

A

Estorus- whole reproductive cycle
Estrus- period of sexual receptivity

40
Q

When performing a california mastitis test, what indicates a positive result?

A

Flakes appear

41
Q

Choose one of the milking parlor designs and list one advantage and one disadvantage

A

Rotary
Excellent cow flow
Expensive

42
Q

List the 5 factors of genetic improvement

A
  1. Parent records
  2. Performance records
  3. AI
  4. Accurate genetic evaluations
  5. Permanent unique ID
43
Q

Choose a metabolic disorder and define the disorder

A

Milk fever- calcium deficiency
Symptom - unable to stand
Prevention- Feed high Ca diet post calving
Treatment- 2 Ca Boluses

44
Q

What is the largest dairy breed?

A

Holstein

45
Q

What is an example of a confinement system?

A

Freestall

46
Q

What is the predominant breed at the tarleton Dairy

A

Crossbreed

47
Q

Which immunoglobulin is found in colostrum that destroys pathogens?

A

IgG

48
Q

What is the #1 dairy county in Texas?

A

Hartley County

49
Q

If the refractometer reads above 22% then the colostrum is considered

A

High Quality

50
Q

What type of parlor does the soutwest regional dairy center have

A

Rotary Parlor

51
Q

What is the quickest way to develop the rumen in calves

A

Feeding grain

52
Q

Which country produces the most milk

A

U.S

53
Q

What are the 3 Key elements when deciding which dairy animal to use?

A

Feed, Water, Climate

54
Q

What is “Cow Comfort”?

A

Minimizing stress factors to maximize milk production

55
Q

What are the two ways to disbud calves?

A

Burn or paste

56
Q

Which breed produces the most A2 Milk?

A

Guernsey

57
Q

What is the esophageal groove?

A

Funnels milk to the abomasum from the esophagus.

58
Q

Which breed has the highest amount of butterfat in their milk?

A

Jersey

59
Q

Which direction should barns in Texas face?

A

East-West

60
Q

Which two vitamins are commonly added to milk production?

A

Vitamin D and A

61
Q

What should be the minimum amount of protein in calf starter?

A

16%

62
Q

What is the most common housing for baby calves?

A

Individual hutches/Pens

63
Q

What is the main goal when designing a facility?

A

Improve cow comfort

64
Q

What is the difference between A1 and A2 milk?

A

A2 milk only had the A2 beta casin protein

65
Q

What is an example of a non-confinement management system?

A

Pasture

66
Q

What are two ways to test colostrum?

A

Refractometer and Colostrometer

67
Q

Within the milk breakdown, Which is the major component of milk?

A

Water

68
Q

What is the recommended stocking density for dairy barns?

A

One stall per cow, no more than 100%

69
Q

Farm size is ___________ while farm numbers are _________________

A

Increasing, Decreasing

70
Q

Butter is made from ___________, while margarine is made from ______

A

Cream, Oils

71
Q

Colostrum should be fed within the first ______ hours after birth

A

6

72
Q

T/F Calves are born without immunity

A

True

73
Q

T/F Calves are born with a functional rumen

A

False

74
Q

T/F Heifers should be bred between 22-24 months old

A

False

75
Q

What is the objective of the dairy industry?

A

Produce high quality, safe milk and milk products in an environmental and humane way.

76
Q

Define pasteurization?

A

Heating the milk to destroy any bad bacteria and make it safe for consumption

77
Q

What is a milk quota?

A

avoids overprodution. puts a cap on the amount of milk farmers are allowed to produce

78
Q

Name 2 dual purpose breeds

A

Milking shorthorn
Brown Swiss

79
Q

Name 2 considerations when designing a facility.

A

Geography
Costs

80
Q

What is the main goal of raising replacement heifers

A

Freshen heifers between 22-24 months, maximize milk production

81
Q

What are the 6 flows

A
  1. Cow flow
  2. People flow
  3. Feed flow
  4. Equipment flow
  5. Air flow
  6. Manure flow
82
Q

What is colostrum

A

Dams first milk, provides essential antibodies

83
Q

Why is the 2-4 month old age group important

A

Dairy Cattle Production (1 decks)

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