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HESI318T > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

On theory and canoe/kayak skills (80 cards)

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1
Q

What does adventure leadership consist of? (3)

A
  1. Adventure Recreation
  2. Environmental Education
  3. Experiential Learning
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2
Q

What should leadership focus on?

A

the group

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3
Q

Fundamental Responsibilities of Outdoor Leaders

ranked from most important to least important

A
  1. Minimize Risk
  2. Minimize Impact
  3. Maximize Learning
  4. Maximize Fun
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4
Q

Foundations of Effective Leadership

leadership stool

A

technical, interpersonal, and judgment skills

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5
Q

technical skills

A

Combination of physical abilities + knowledge necessary for a given activity

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6
Q

Interpersonal Skills

with examples

A

The psychological and communication abilities that comprise interpersonal skills are vital to the efficacy of all social interactions.
● Communication
● Expedition Behavior
● Leadership Style
● Judgment
● Decision Making
● Crisis Management
● Facilitation
● Teaching
● Empathy
● Group Dynamics
● Self Awareness
● Sense of Humor

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7
Q

Judgment Skills

with examples

A

The capacity to evaluate and draw conclusions.
(The application of the other two skills.)
● Awareness of your environment
● Awareness of your group
● Awareness of yourself
● Capacity for working with incomplete information
● Understanding of different decision-making
process
● Calm attitude
● Ability to envision the desired outcome

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8
Q

Directing

Leadership Style

A

Leader makes decisions and informs participants

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9
Q

Selling

Leadership Style

A

Leader makes decision, but has discussion with participants

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10
Q

Participating

Leadership Style

A

Leader and participants make joint decision

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11
Q

Delegating

Leadership Style

A

Participants make decision within limits defined by the leader

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12
Q

What type of leadership should you use as a trip leader?

A

conditional leadership
where you adapt your leadership style to meet the needs of the group and situation

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13
Q

Core Technical Skills

A

Not Activity-Specific Skills
● Trip Planning
● First-Aid
● Crisis Response
● Risk Management
● Leave No Trace
● Navigation

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14
Q

Task behavior (directive behavior)

A

one way communication from leader to participants

highest in directing

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15
Q

Relationship behavior (supportive behavior)

A

two way conversation and development of personal bonds between leaders and participants

highest in delegating

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16
Q

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Basecamp: Physiological Needs
Camp 1: Safety Needs
Camp 2: Belonging Needs
Camp 3: Esteem Needs
Summit: Self-Actualization

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17
Q

Physiological Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

food, water, shelter

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18
Q

Safety Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

freedom from danger

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19
Q

Belonging Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

strong relationships

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20
Q

Esteem Needs

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Respect for self and others

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21
Q

Self Actualization

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A

Doing what one is meant to do

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22
Q

comfort circle

A
  1. comfort zone
  2. stretch zone
  3. panic zone
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23
Q

stages of group development

A
  1. forming
  2. storming
  3. norming
  4. performing
  5. adjorning
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24
Q

forming

stages of group development

A

● The group first comes together to meet, so things
are uncertain and anxious.
● Everyone is nice, friendly, and polite
● Forming basic relationships with one another while
looking for connections
● “Honeymoon phase” – avoid conflict

Directing

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25
Storming | stages of group development
● As the group gets more comfortable opening up, conflict and competition arise and lead to frustration and tension ● Group members rebel against the leader and/or challenge one another over opinions ● Necessary state for groups to reach maturity | Selling/Participating
26
Norming | stages of group development
● As the group works out their differences they start to acknowledge each other’s talents and ideas ● Team approach – people acknowledge their interdependence and establish norms for communicating and coping with conflict ● Recommit to a common group goal | Participating
27
Performing | stages of group development
● As a mature community, the group works together to accomplish goals and deal effectively with conflict ● They reach peak productivity and efficiency, delegating tasks instead of all needing to weigh in on everything ● Disagreements are tolerated and members feels well-supported | Delegating
28
Adjourning | stages of group development
● Group momentum slows down as they hang onto the experience and grieve its ending. ● Members start to feel sad and focus on goodbyes and recognition. ● Group is emotionally fragile as they come to terms with how to let go and move forward. | Directing
29
Expedition Behavior (EB)
"Backcountry teamwork"
30
10 principles of good EB
1. Self-Awareness 2. Self-Leadership 3. Selflessness 4. Commitment 5. Tolerance 6. Consideration 7. Trust 8. Communication 9. Humility 10. Sense of humor
31
signs of bad EB
Rationalization, Blaming, Regressing
32
Leave No Trace
1. Plan ahead and prepare 2. Travel and camp on durable surfaces 3. Dispose of waste properly 4. Leave what you find 5. Minimize campfire impacts 6. Respect wildlife 7. Be considerate of other visitors
33
30/30 Lightning Rule
If thunder is heard within 30 seconds off, take precautions and get into lightning position; wait for 30 minutes after last thunder to resume activity
34
35
strike danger zone
storm is within 6 miles (30 seconds or less between seeing lightning and hearing thunder)
36
Who yeilds for horses?
bikers, hikers
37
Who do bikers yeild for?
horses, hikers
38
distance from water to dispose of waste
200 ft
39
Awareness: Leader’s Radar
environment, group, self
40
DECIDE model
**D**efine the problem **E**ducate yourself **C**onsider your options **I**dentify your choice **D**esign a plan to carry out your choice **E**valuate the decision
41
3 Foundations of Effective Communication
empathy, acceptance, authenticity
42
noise
Anything that interferes with sending, receiving, or understanding of a message ● External (environment) ● Internal (inside head) ● Semantic (jargon)
43
How do you grow from **unaware, unable** to **aware, unable**?
feedback
44
How do you grow from **aware, unable** to **aware, able**?
training
45
How do you grow from **unaware, able** to **aware, able**?
mentoring
46
Radical Candor | 2 components
Care Personally + Challenge Directly | ex. whispeirng "your fly is down"
47
Methods of Feedback
Affrimative, Growth, Personal
48
Hazard Factors
environmental, location, season/climate, equipment, human
49
Safety Factors
equipment, people, safety protocols
50
Kolb's Cycle of Learning
Concrete Experience > Reflective Obsevation ("What?") > Abstract Conceptualization ("So what?") > Active Experimentation ("Now what?")
51
Primary Learning Styles of Outdoor Instruction
Visual, Auditory, Reading/Writing, Tactile | use a variety when teaching!
52
back of canoe
stern
53
front of canoe
bow
54
sides of canoe
hull
55
bottom point of canoe
kneel
56
tip of paddle
tip
57
flat spoon shaped thing on paddle
blade
58
next to blade of paddle
throat
59
between throat and T grip | on a paddle
shaft
60
What you hold onto | on a paddle
grip
61
4-3-2-1 Kit (river)
○ 4 carabiners ○ 3 pulleys ○ 2 prusiks ○ 1 flip line ○ 1 throw rope
62
Eddy
calm area on river
63
upstream V
one rock with water flowing around it . ∧
64
downstream V
two rocks with water flowing in between it . . V
65
Hydraulics / Holes | in rivers
makes a whirlpool type thing
66
Low-Head Dams | in rivers
a manufactured structure extending fully across the bank that causes backwash below it
67
strainers | in rivers
River obstructions that allow water to flow through them, but which block or "strain" people and boats
68
Can you walk in a river?
NO your foot can get stuck under a rock and then your head can get pulled under from the current and then you drown :(
69
defensive swimming
on your back, feet up and back paddle with the current
70
aggressive swimming
against the current crawl stroke on tummy with head up
71
When do you use a pod?
when running rapids or crossing a channel
72
rings on a kyak paddle that you can adjust and that prevent your hands from getting as wet
drip rings
73
little bucket things in kyaks that can hold stuff
drop hatch
74
low tide
currents away from ocean
75
high tide
currents towards the ocean
76
Slack Tide
the time right before and right after high/low tide where no change is seen (20-30 minutes)
77
Ebb tide
in between high and low tide where the strongest tidal force is felt
78
When should you wear wetsuits?
Water temp < 60 degrees Water + air temp < 120 degrees
79
What angle do you cross a channel at?
A right angle
80
What boats have the right of way?
larger boats

HESI318T (2 decks)

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