Final Exam Flashcards
(26 cards)
Socialist realism
Arts must be reconciled with socialist theory, people should be educated in the arts, and given opportunities to enjoy them, meant to glorify the regime, used in propaganda.
Total serialism
the use of serial techniques applied to such elements as rhythm, dynamics, tone colour, pitch duration, attack, timbre.as found in the early works of Stockhausen and Boulez. Ex, le marteau sans maitre
Musique concrète
a musicians ability to record and physically manipulate a sound or magnetic tape. constituted from pre existing elements taken from whatever sound material composed by working directly with the material. Ex. Stockhausen electronic study number 2, Varese poeme electronique
“Chance” music
music in which some element of the composition is left to chance, and/or some primary element of a composed work’s realization is left to the determination of its performer(s). Ex. John Cage 4’33
Indeterminacy (in music)
refers to the ability of a piece to be performed in substantially different ways. like chance music Ex. In C Terry Reilly
Prepared piano
a piano in which some strings have been damped by having objects placed between them or tuned differently from the rest for specific tonal effect. John Cage invention. Ex. Bacchanale John Cage
Modes of limited transposition
Scales such as whole tone and octatonic scales where there is only one possible transpositions . based on mathematical impossibilities. Ex. Messiaen, Quartet for the End of Time
Micropolyphony
polyphonic musical texture developed by György Ligeti consists of many lines of dense canons moving at different tempos or rhythms, polyphonic structure does not come through audibly, hidden. Ex. Ligeti Continuum
Metric modulation
precise proportional shifts in the perceived pulse of the music Ex. Elliot Carter, string quartet no. 5
Soundscapes
sound or combination of sounds that forms or arises from an immersive environment. keynote, sound marks, Sound Signals Ex. Murray Schafer, Patria
Minimalism (in art, design & music)
Reaction against previous excesses of art. design or style in which the simplest and fewest elements are used to create the maximum effect. Ex, Reich Violin Phase.
Static harmony,
repetitive figures,
steady pulsating beat.
Phase shifting
most important musical process in Reich’s work. placing a simple repeating pattern against itself in different combinations Ex. Reich, Come out
Tintinnabuli
compositional style created by the Estonian composer Arvo Pärt. characterized by two types of voices, the first of which arpeggiates the tonic triad, and the second of which moves diatonically in stepwise motion. Ex. Berliner Messe
Keynote
background sounds such as wind, traffic
Sound Marks
specific sounds to that area, like landmarks
Sound Signals
Active sounds, bells and whistles
Davidovsky: “Synchronisms No. 6”
blends electronic and acoustic music. focus on percussive and technical aspects of piano, tone row.
Ligeti, Continuum
micropolyphony, didn’t have bar lines, represent machine barely holding itself together.
Adams, Dr Atomic, batter my heart
based on moral struggle about revealing atomic bomb, opera, post minimalism, integration of pop music, jazz, piano music, folk idioms. libretto from historic documents. vocal 17th century. features of chaconne.
Penderecki, Threnody to the victims of Hiroshima
suppose to make you feel uncomfortable, song of lament, extrapolation on concept of tone clusters, extended technique, influenced by webern,
Saariaho, noa noa
flute and MIDI and sound engineer, very hard to perform, flute controls pace, arguably indeterminacy, extended techniques, confrontation, dialogue, fusion. engineer considered artist
Crumb, Vox Balanae, vocalise for the beginning of time
piano, cello, flute,instruments amplified environmental movement, whale song, exoticism,
Varese, poème électronique
music concrete, debuted at phillips pavilion, modernism
Shostakovich, Symphony No. 5
Socialist realism, shostakovich incorporated jewish themes response to holocaust, response to stalin not liking serialist opera he wrote. simplified style, positive uplifting message. no modernism
