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INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE > FINAL EXAM > Flashcards

FINAL EXAM Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

It is practice of cultivating and farming animals, food and other life forms

A

AGRICULTURE

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2
Q

refers to all activities relating to the act or business of fishing, culturing and preserving

A

FISHERIES

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3
Q

is the farming of aquatic, organism, including fish, mollusks

A

AQUACULTURE

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4
Q

WHY IS AGRICULTURE IS IMPORTANT?

A
  1. supporting livelihood through food
  2. providing raw materials for food
  3. building strong economies through trade
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5
Q

WHY FISHERIES IMP

A

food
money
fun
culture
tourism
minerals
fuel

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6
Q

PRE HISTORIC

A

settled farming

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7
Q

ANCIENT AGE

A

roman gardens
hanging garde of babylon
egyptian garden

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8
Q

MEDIEVAL AGE

A

hortus
town gardens
japanese gardens
arabic gardens
monastic gardens

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9
Q

MODERN AGE

A

tropical gardens
english gardens
botanical gardens
french gardens
\indian gardens

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10
Q

CONTEMPORARY AGE

A

z farming
vertical foms
community gardens
allolment gardens

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11
Q

First fish fossils found

A

HOMO HABILIS

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12
Q

fishing at that time considered catching fish by hand

A

SUBSISTENCE

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12
Q

first fishermen

A

HOMO ERECTUS

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13
Q

STEPS FOR AGRICULTURE PRACTICES

A

preparation of soil
sowing
adding manure and fertilizers
irrigation
protection from weeds
harvesting
storage

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14
Q

Selecting appropriate crops based on factors such as climate, soil type, and market demand is crucial for success.

A

CROP SELECTION AND ROTATION

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14
Q

Healthy soil is essential for crop growth. Principles of soil management include maintaining proper soil pH,

A

SOIL MANAGEMENT

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15
Q

Proper planting techniques ensure optimal germination and plant establishment.

A

PLANTING AND SEEDING

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16
Q

Providing crops with essential nutrients is critical for growth and productivity.

A

NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT

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17
Q

Principles include implementing irrigation systems to deliver water efficiently,

A

WATER MANAGEMENT

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18
Q

Principles of weed management include using cultural practices such as crop rotation and mulching, employing mechanical methods like tillage and hand weeding,

A

WEED MANAGEMENT

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19
Q

Pests and diseases can significantly impact crop health and yield. Integrated pest management (IPM) principles involve using a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical control methods

A

PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT

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20
Q

Sustainable crop production practices aim to minimize negative environmental impacts while maintaining productivity and profitability.

A

ENVIRONMENTAL STEWARDSHIP

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20
Q

refers to process choosing suitable crops for cultivation

A

CROP SELECTION AND PLANNING

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21
Q

involves choosing types of crops

A

CROP SELECTION

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22
23
FACTORS IN CROP SELECTION
Environmental condition Market demand Farm resoucers Crop suitability and compatibility Crop rotation and diversification
24
considerations such as climate, soil type, and water availability
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION
25
assessing market demand and trends help farmers
MARKET DEMAND
26
evaluating available resources such as land, labor, equipment
FARM RESOURCES
27
28
29
selecting crops that are well suited
CROP SUITABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY
29
FACTORS IN CROP PLANNING
Developing a planting schedule Choosing crop varieites Integrated pest management Long term sustainability Monitoring and adaptation
29
determining optimal timing
Developing a Planting Schedule
29
selecting appropriate crop varieties
Choosing Crop VARIETIES
30
involves systematic planting of different crops
CROP ROTATION
30
implementing crop rotation and diversifying crop portfoliuo
CROP ROTATION AND DIVERSIFICATION
30
developing detailed plan fo production
CROP PLANNING
30
involves growing variety different crops
CROP DIVERSIFICATION
30
monitoring crop performance
MONITORING AND ADAPTATION
30
are part of natural environmental system
PEST DISEASE MANAGEMENT
30
incorporating practices that promote soil health
LONG TERM SUSTAINABILITY
30
these sap sucking little devils form large colonies
APHIDS
30
chewing, hungry caterpillar enjoys nothing more than munching leaves
CATERPILLAR
31
practices to manage pests and disease
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
31
a leaf miner is any one of numerous species of insects
LEAF MINER
31
a red sap feeding mite that exists in colonies these tiny bugs strike on plant
SPIDER MITES
31
whitering of terminal shoots dead hearts
FRUIT AND STEAM BORER
31
chewinf porbably the gardeners most hated and hunted pests
SLUG AND SNAIL
32
houseplant sap sucking insect leaves a honeydew residue on its victim
WHITE FLY
32
treatmeants to deter any kind of pest
CHEMICAL PEST CONTROL
33
use of natural enemies to control pests
BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL
33
recent technological advances have allowed for alternative ways of dealing with pest problems
ELECTRONIC PEST CONTROL
33
one of the oldest methods that has been in use
PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PEST CONTROL
34
is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural physical and chemical tools.
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT
35
CONCEPTS OF IPM
Understanding the agriculture ecosystem Planning of agricultural ecosystem Cost benefit of pest damage Leaving of pest residues timing of treatments Public understanding and sustainable
36
Integrating different agricultural
Diversification
37
Waste product from one component
Resource Cycling
38
Promote biodiversity
Ecological Balance
39
Internal resource
Reduced External Inputs
40
Foundation of a productive IFS
Improved Soil Health
41
Should be profitable
Economic Viability
42
Holistic approach to agriculture
INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM
43
Scientific system based on a set principles inspired by natural ecosystems
PERMACULTURE
44
3 Processing Techniques
1. PRIMARY PROCESSING 2. SECONDARY PROCESSING 3. OTHER IMPORTANT TECHNIQUES
45
Initial stage
PRIMARY PROCESSING
46
Removing dirt and debris
Cleaning and Washing
47
Separating products
Sorting and Grading
48
Removing outer layers of nuts
Shelling and Hulling
49
Breaking down grains
Grinding and Milling
50
Extracting liquids (Oils)
Pressing and Crushing
51
Reduce moisture content
Drying
52
Builds upon primary processing
Seckndary Processing
53
Creating yogurt
Fermentation
54
Destroying bacteria
Pasteurization and Sterilization
55
Packaging food
Canning and Bottling
56
Using smoke and salt
Smoking and Curing
57
Tranforming raw ingredients
Cooking
58
Maintaing low temperature
Refrigerator and Freezing
59
Regulates level of exygen
Controlled Atmosphere Storage
60
Uses Ionizing radiation
Irradiation
61
Final Product
Packaging
62
All about handling, storing and transporting
POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
63
3 Parts of Planning and Preparation
1.Understanding you product 2 Proper Harvesting Techniques 3. Pre storage cinditioning
64
Specific needs of crops
Understanding your product
65
Careful harvesting method
Proper Harvesting Techniques
66
Benefit from treatment
Pre storage conditioning
67
3 Parts of Proper Handling And Storage
1. Temperature and Huminity Control 2. Sanitation and Hygiene 3. Packaging
68
Maintaining right temperature
Temperature and huminity Control
69
Proper cleaning
Sanitation and Hygiene
70
Choosing appropriate packaging
Packaging
71
2 parts of Storage Facilities
1. Location 2. Cleaning and Maintenance
72
Store products in coold, dry
Location
73
Regularly clean and maintain storage
Cleaning and Maintenance
74
3 parts of Additional Considerations
1. Transportation 2. Loss Minimization 3. Sustainability
75
Key Challenges
1. Extreme weather events 2. Water Scarcity 3. Rising sea temperature 4. Land degradation 5. Emerging diseases and Pest 6. Climate Change 7. Small seize farmers and fisheries 8. Increasing global population
76

INTRODUCTION TO AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE (1 decks)

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