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Music History, Exam 3 > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Hurdy gurdy

A
  • Instrument dating back to medieval times.
  • 3 melody strings with keys to change pitches
  • rotating wheel inside, turned by crank
  • has drone strings
  • First used in church
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2
Q

Vielle

A

-Medieval equivalent of a violin
- comes in many shapes, sizes, and number of strings.

  • typically:
    -flat peg board
    -bow has less tension
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3
Q

Pipe and tabour

A
  • high wistle and drum
  • played by one person
  • pipe played with left hand
  • Tabour played with a stick in right hand
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4
Q

Improvisation in medieval music

A

-instrumental music was primarily improvised /performed from memory
- instruments have unwritten accompaniments to songs and to dancing
- if something was notated, it was only the melody or bass and everything else was improvised

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5
Q

Medieval time period

A

750-1400

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6
Q

Renaissance time period

A

1400 - 1600

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7
Q

Baroque time period

A

1600-1750

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8
Q

Estampie 4 from “Le manuscrit du roi”

A

Genre: Dance Music, Estampie
Composer: Anonymous
Time period: Medieval

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9
Q

Pavane

A

Dignified court dance in duple meter
Performed side by side
AABBCC
Mostly consisting of slow and quick steps

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10
Q

Galliard

A

Vigorous dance marked by kicks and jumps
Triple meter

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11
Q

Pavane-galliard pairs

A

A pavane and a galliard played back to back that both have a variation of the same melody

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12
Q

Dances from “Danserye”
“La Dona” (1)

A

Genre: pavane dance
Composer: Tielman Susatos (this piece sustains the man that lays tiles)
Time period: Renaissance

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13
Q

Dances From “Danserye”
“La Dona” (2)

A

Genre: Galliard Dance
Composer: Tielman Susatos
Period: Renaissance

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14
Q

Luis De Narvaez

A

Composer
Renaissance
Wrote “The six books of the Dauphin,” tablature written for Vihuela

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15
Q

Pieces for vihuela from “Los seys libros del Delphin” a

A

Name: “Cancion Mille regres”
Time period: Renaissance
Composer: Luis de Narvaez
Genre: intabulation

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16
Q

cuatro diferencias sobre “Guardame las vacas”

From Pieces for vihuela from “Los seys libros del Delphin”, b

A

Title: (four songs about “guard the cows”)
Genre: variations on a common tune
Composer: Luis de Narvaez (Larva-pez)
Time period: Renaissance

First printed example of the genre

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17
Q

Vihuela

A

Ancestor of the guitar
Mix between a lute and a vielle

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18
Q

Tablature / intabulation

A
  • Sheet music where lines represent strings and numbers on the lines represent frets. Rhythm is indicated above the staff.
  • popular for lutes and vihuelas
  • some tablature had vocal lines above for a player to accompany herself
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19
Q

Variations (diferencias in Spanish)

A
  • A theme is played, and then repeated with improvised embellishments and ornaments.
  • also includes an improvised line over an ostinato
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20
Q

Harpsichord

A

-Iconic keyboard instrument of the baroque basso continuo
- has multiple choirs of strings and one or two keyboards
-Came before piano
-Strings are plucked
-Was invented during the renaissance

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21
Q

Viol da gamba or viol

A
  • belongs to string family, ancestor of cello
  • has 6 strings tuned in 4ths, and frets
  • developed in Spain in early renaissance
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22
Q

Lute

A
  • Pear shaped with a rounded back and flat fingerboard
  • 5 double strings, plucked with fingers or feather
  • has frets
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23
Q

sackbut

Study These Flashcards
A
  • ancestor to the trombone
  • brass family
  • made up of bent tubing and slide tubing
24
Q

Consort

Study These Flashcards
A

In England, an ensemble of three to seven instruments

25
Cornett
- Played like a trumpet - popular in renaissance - could be curved or straight - loud instrument
26
Canzon septimi toni a 8
Composer: Giovanni Gabrieli Genre: Ensemble canzona Time period: renaissance
27
Recercada secunda on the “La Spana” tune
composer: Diego Ortiz Time period: renaissance Genre: variations on a common tune
28
Toccata No. 3 from Libro Primo
Composer: Girolamo Frescobaldi Time period: Baroque Genre: Toccata Country: Italy
29
Music for after the Credo from “Fiori musicali”
Composer: Girolamo Frescobaldi (like a lame-o gyro) Time period: Baroque Genre: Ricercar Country: Italy
30
Armide: Overture
Composer: Jean-Baptiste Lully Time period: Baroque Genre: Tragedie en musique or French Opera Sub genre: French overture Country France
31
Trio sonata in D Major, Op. 3 no. 2 Mvt 1 Mvt 2
Composer: Arcangelo Corelli Time period: Baroque Genre: trio sonata Mvt 1: Grave Mvt 2: Allegro
32
Concerto for Violin in A minor, Op. 3 no. 6 Mvt 1 Mvt 2
Composer: Antonio Vivaldi Time period: Baroque Genre: violin concerto Mvt 1: Allegro Mvt 2: Largo Country: Italy
33
Ricercar
- imitative piece based on a continuous development of a single subject - precursor to the fuge
34
Prelude
A short piece of music that introduces a larger work
35
Subject
- The melody progression in a fugue that’s repeated in different voices throughout the piece. - A combination of melodic material and tonal language that creates a long movement out of a small amount of musical material
36
Sonata
- each movement based on a single subject with continuous expansion - has a tonal sense of direction - four movements in the same or closely related keys - typical layout is slow-fast-slow-fast - very limted harmonic pallate - emphasis on lyricism over virtuosity - typical traits: walking bass, dialogue between violins (trio sonata), lots of suspension and forward momentum
37
Binary form
- Two complimentary sections, usually repeated - structure: A-A-B-B - common in dance suites
38
Suite
- Dance music that was grouped in a few different movements, each movement representing a different dance - stylized dances in groups of pieces that are in the same key - most dances use binary form - printed for amateurs since pros could improvise them - meant to be played, not danced - for personal enjoyment / small audiences
39
Ornamentation (agréments in French)
Decorations on top of a note that instruct a certain addition to be made. Some mean turn, tremello, cadence, roll chord, arpegiate chord, etc.
40
French Overture
- both a form and a genre - intended to accompany the entry of the king before the theatrical work - established Lully’s ballets and operas - two sections, each played twice - homophonic, majestic, dotted rhythms - faster second section, fugal imitation
41
Giovanni Gabrieli
- Italian - renaissance (late 16th cent) - wrote canzona in mode 7 for eight parts - wrote pieces for instrument ensembles and no voice - directed a consort named “venetian Loud Ensemble”
42
Arcangelo Corelli
- Baroque time period (late 17th century) - 1666 studied violin and composition in Bologna -1675 leading violinist and composer in Rome - organized and led the first orchestras in Italy - Established foundation for violin playing - his sonatas have never been out of print
43
Praeludium in E Major, BuxWV 141
Genre: Organ Prelude Composer: Dieterich Buxtehude Time period: Baroque - Opening prelude for church - Buxtehude wrote music down for his students -its in toccata form - has fugal sections that alternate with improvise-like sections
44
Toccata No. 3
Composer: Girolamo Frescobaldi Genre: Toccata Time period: Baroque - Unfolds as a series of brief phrases/sections - Frescobaldi cared about the affection of music and encouraged a loose following of tempo
45
Suite No. 3 in A Minor
Composer: Elisabeth-Claude Jaquet de la Guerre Genre: Keyboard suite Subgenre: Unmeasured Prélude Time period: Baroque -uses “style Luthé”, or playing in the style of a lute - unmeasured prelude: no bar lines, rhythmic freedom
46
Elisabeth-Claude Jaquet de la Guerre
- late 17th, early 18th centuries (baroque) - child prodigy, performed in Louis XIV’s court at age 5 - Louis liked her music - most famous female harpsichordist and composer of baroque - married an organist - wrote in a wide variety of genres, including first opera written by a Frenchwoman - published lots of music for amateurs
47
Improvisation through the 1750s
- Professional musicians expected to improvise through the renaissance and baroque periods - music was only written down as a teaching aid or for amateurs
48
Therobo
Big lute with bass strings. Invented in the late 16th century to accompany operas. Good for basso continuo.
49
Johann Sebastian Bach
- Late 17th- mid 18th centuries (Baroque) - came from a large family of professional musicians - great, obsessive music teacher - musical genius, could improvise complicated uses of counterpoint - played organs his whole life and traveled to test them - was old fashioned - employed as a church organist, a court musician, ensemble conductor, and cantor of St. Thomas school - composed cantatas for church and other pieces to challenge students
50
Antonio Vivaldi
- Baroque time period - Italian - violinist, composer, and teacher - music instructor for girls at “Pio Ospedale della Pietà” Wrote 500 concertos, and most works were written for the women and girls at the Ospedale
51
Ritornello form
- Used in first and third faster movements of Vivaldi’s concertos - full orchestra alternates with soloist in small units
52
Concerto
- a soloist is accompanied by an orchestra - Vivaldi’s had three movement structure - First: fast. Second: slow (same or related key) third: fast, shorter
53
Fuge
a subject is introduced, then repeated and overlapped in different voices
54
“La visionaire” from the 25th ordre
Composer: François Couperin (cooper had a vision to go to france) Timer period: Baroque Genre: keyboard suite
55
Prelude and Fuge in A minor, BWV 543 Mvt 1 Mvt 2
Composer: Johann Sebastian Bach Time period: Baroque Genre: organ prelude and fuge Mvt 1: prelude Mvt 2: fuge

Music History, Exam 3 (1 decks)

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