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Kinesiology > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain Anatomical Position

A

Standing upright, facing forwards, feet parallel and flat on the floor, arms at the sides w palms facing forward

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2
Q

The sagittal plane passed through where?

A

Divides the body into left and right portions.

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3
Q

What are the brains two mains sources of fuel?

A

Glucose and oxygen

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4
Q

This joint provides the most mobility

A

Ball and socket

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5
Q

T/F? Carrying angle is greater in males than in females

A

False; greater in females

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6
Q

Scapular winging is usually an indicator of an inactive what?

A

Serratus anterior muscle

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7
Q

What are two major pronators of the arm?

A
  1. Pronator teres
    2 Pronator quadratus
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8
Q

Which bone structure is where growth of bone occurs?

A

Epiphyseal plate

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9
Q

List 3 exercises to strengthen VMO function

A

Step-ups, wall sits, knee extensions

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10
Q

Primary functions of the cerebellum

A

Coordination, balance, posture, fine motor control

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11
Q

What’s the most common type of ankle injury?

A

Lateral ankle sprain

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12
Q

What’s the most common type of joint in the body

A

Synovial

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13
Q

Ambidextrous people can do what?

A

Use both hands with equal skill

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14
Q

The sharp distal end of the elbow is called what?

A

Olecranon process

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15
Q

T/F? Medial epicondylitis is also called tennis elbow

A

False; golfers elbow

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16
Q

Which type of joint provides the most mobility?

A

Ball and socket

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17
Q

“Bones and soft tissue remodel along lines of stress” is indicative of what?

A

Wolff’s Law

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18
Q

What is the largest joint in the body?

A

The knee joint

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19
Q

Tommy John surgery is common for those who have an injury to this area

A

Shoulder (UCL)

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20
Q

When it comes to the radioulnar joint, there is the _______ radioular joint, and the _______ radioulnar joint.

A

Proximal, distal

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21
Q

How many cranial nerves are there?

A

12

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22
Q

The cervical plexus is made up of which spinal nerves?

A

C1-C4

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23
Q

The cervical plexus is made up of which spinal nerves?

A

C1-C4

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24
Q

What is tendinitis?

A

Inflammation/irritation of a tendon

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25
Difference between a strain and a sprain?
Strain: injury to a muscle or tendon Sprain: injury to a ligament
26
What are the arches of the foot?
Medial longitudinal, lateral longitudinal, and transverse arches
27
What is the opposite of shoulder elevation?
Shoulder depression
28
During which type of contraction does a muscle lengthen?
Eccentric contraction
29
During a concentric contraction, what does the insertion typically do?
Moves closer to the origin
30
Explain key features of ligaments
Connects bone to bone, provides joint stability, less elastic than tendons
31
In this gait pattern, you see reduced shoulder flexion during the forward part of the movement
Hemiplegic gait
32
What’s another name for the medial collateral ligament
Tibial collateral ligament
33
Appendicular vs Axial skeleton
Appendicular: limbs, pelvic girdle, shoulder girdle (clavicle) (outside) Axial: skull, vertebral column, and rib cage (inside)
34
What’s the largest sesamoid bone in the body?
Patella
35
This membrane keeps the radius and ulna from separating
Interosseous membrane
36
What type of joint is the Atlantoaxial joint
Pivot joint
37
Describe circumduction
A circular movement that combines flexion, extension, adduction, abduction
38
Who are 3 types of specialists which a kinesiologist should have in his or her referral network
PT, orthopedic doctors, nutritionists
39
What are radial deviation, ulnar deviation, flexion, and extension of the wrist?
Radial: movement toward thumb side Ulnar: movement toward pinky side Flexion: bending wrist forward (towards body) Extension: straightening wrist (away from body)
40
List the main lobes of the brain
Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital
41
What % of the population is left handed?
10%
42
The amount of force a muscle can produce is related to what factors?
Muscle size, fiber type, and neural activation
43
What is the purpose of a bursa?
Reduces friction between tissues, such as bones, muscles, and tendons
44
Characteristics of cartilaginous joints?
Slightly movable, connected by cartilage (e,g., intervertebral discs)
45
Explain shin splints
Pain along the tibia caused by overuse or stress on the shinbone and surrounding muscles
46
Efferent vs Afferent nerves
Efferent: Carry motor signals from the brain to the body Afferent: Carry sensory signals from the body to the brain
47
Muscle or muscle group that performs the opposite motion of the agonist is called what?
Antagonist
48
Explain plantar fasciitis:
Inflammation of the plantar fascia, causing heel pain, often due to overuse
49
The slight tension that is present in a muscle at all times, even when the muscle is resting, is called what?
Muscle tone
50
The distance from the maximum lengthening to maximum shortening in a muscle is called what?
Excursion
51
When the antagonist contracts at the same time as the agonist, it is called what?
Co-contraction
52
What is a fibrous joint?
A joint where bones are connected by dense connective tissue, allowing little or no movement (sutures in the skull)
53
What are the 12 cranial nerves?
Olfactory, optic, oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear, glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, hypoglossal
54
A muscles origin is typically considered to be where relative to the body?
Closer to midline
55
What do you do to avoid visual parallax?
View the object straight on and align your perspective perpendicular to the measurement plane
56
The first digit is called what?
Pollex (thumb)
57
The 3 main nerves that run down the arm
Median nerve, ulnar nerve, radial nerve
58
What can knee valgus cause?
Stress on knee joint, potential ACL injury, increased risk of patellar dislocation
59
Nearly 1/4 of your bones are found where?
Hands and feet
60
T/F? The lumbosacral plexus is superior to the cervical plexus
False, cervical plexus is superior
61
Please describe scaption
Movement of the arm in the scapular plane, appox 30-45 degrees anterior to the frontal plane
62
_____ fibers are called grey matter
Unmyelinated fibers
63
Knee valgus vs knee vagus
Valgus: inward angulation (knock-kneed) Vagus: outward bowing of the knee (bow-legged)
64
Knee valgus vs knee vagus
Valgus: inward angulation (knock-kneed) Vagus: outward bowing of the knee (bow-legged)
65
What does the temporal lobe known to have?
Functions for auditory processing, memory, and language comprehension
66
When it comes to the elbow, the ____ does not move, the radius does.
The ulna
67
The extent of the area or subject matter that something deals with, or to which it is relevant is known as what?
Scope
68
The nervous system is continually doing what?
Sending, receiving, and processing signals throughout the body
69
What main extensors of the elbow are called what?
Triceps brachii
70
What’s the opposite of shoulder protraction
Shoulder retraction
71
The ____ lobe is responsible for executive function, innovation, and strategic thinking
Frontal lobe
72
The #1 diagnosis that hand therapists treat is what?
Carpal tunnel
73
A condition that suggests that a particular technique or drug should not be used is called what?
Contraindications
74
Muscles of the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
75
What is one feature that sets man apart from animals
Thumb opposition
76
The radiocarpal and carpometacarpal joints are the in wrist; what’s the 3rd one called?
Mid carpal joint
77
Usually, what color is myelin
White
78
Subluxation vs dislocation
Subluxation: partial or incomplete dislocation Dislocation: complete separation of the joint
79
Is the brachialis a flexor, extensor, or stabilizer?
Flexor
80
Describe PMRF gait
Gait pattern influenced by postural distortions due to dysfunction in the postural-motor reflex system
81
In these types of exercises, the segment furthest away from the body (known as the distal aspect) usually the hand or foot — is free and not fixed on an object
Open-chain exercise
82
What is turf toe?
A sprain of the ligaments around the big toe joint, often due to hyper extension

Kinesiology (4 decks)

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