Final Exam

Question 1

Computing Hardware

Answer 1

Physical components of technology, including computer, storage, devices, mouse, keyboard

Question 2

Software

Answer 2

Computer program, instructions telling hardware what to do

Question 3

Operating System

Answer 3

Software that controls computer hardware and establishes standards for developing applications

Question 4

Applications

Answer 4

Programs that perform specific tasks for users and organizations

Question 5

Hardware layer cake

Answer 5

Strongest to weakest
1. hardware (pc, iphone)
2. operating system (macOS, iOS)
3. application (office, google)
4. user

Question 6

GUI (graphical user interface)

Answer 6

Mechanisms which users interact with a computing device (scroll bars, buttons)

Question 7

application software

Answer 7

programs for end users (ms office, photoshop)

Question 8

Desktop software

Answer 8

installed for personal use (zoom,skype)

Question 9

Enterprise software

Answer 9

designed to manage operations (cloud content center)

Question 10

ERP (enterprise resource planning)

Answer 10

software integrating core business practices

Question 11

CRM (customer relationship management)

Answer 11

software managing customer relationships

Question 12

SCM (supply chain management)

Answer 12

optimizes production and distribution processes

Question 13

BI (business intelligence)

Answer 13

analyze data to support decision-making

Question 14

Distributed Computing

Answer 14

form of computing where systems in different locations communicate and collaborate to complete a task

Server - provides resources to client
Client- requests and uses resources or services from server

Question 15

Low code/No code

Answer 15

platforms that allow users to create applications with minimal or no programming knowledge, using visual development tools

Question 16

SDLC (software development life cycle)

Answer 16

process for planning, creating, testing and deploying of information

Question 17

Waterfall method

Answer 17

linear seqential approach to software development (eg. creating a blueprint to follow a project)

Question 18

agile development

Answer 18

project management workframe that breaks projects down into several dynamic phases, to include continuous collaboration and improvement

Question 19

Scrum

Answer 19

approach to organizing and managing agile projects, which breaks tasks into 1-6 week increments

Question 20

Total cost of ownership

Answer 20

economic measure of the full cost of owning a product (hardware or software)

Question 21

Why do Projects Fail?

Answer 21

poor goal setting
weak leadership
limited commitment
inadequate testing
poor communication
project complexity

Question 22

Open-source software benefits

Answer 22

free software that allows anyone to leak or modify a code
- cost
- customization

Question 23

software as a service (SaaS)

Answer 23

form of cloud computing where a firm subscribes to a third-party software and recieves a service that is delivered online

Question 24

Platform as a service (PaaS)

Answer 24

cloud form manages platform, whereas client has control over creation

Question 25

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

Answer 25

cloud runs remote hardware and storage, whereas client can chose software used

Question 26

public cloud

Answer 26

relys on third party cloud to have all components

Question 27

private cloud

Answer 27

organization uses pools of computing resources that it owns or leases and does not share with customers

Question 28

hybrid cloud

Answer 28

ability to shift and expand computing from its own internal resources (private cloud) into the public cloud

Question 29

cloudbursting

Answer 29

use of cloud computing to provide excess capacity during periods of spiking demand

Question 30

blackswans

Answer 30

unpredicted, but high impact events

Question 31

factors against make/buy/rent decisions

Answer 31

cost time vendor issues compeititve advantage security risk

Question 32

URL

Answer 32

aka "web address" identifys resources on the internet along with the application protocol

Question 33

HTTP (s)

Answer 33

hypertext transfer portal: allows web browsers and web sources to communicate with each other The s on the end stands for secure

Question 34

Anatomy - http

Answer 34

Protocol: defines how data is transferred

Question 35

Anatomy - en.wikipedia.org

Answer 35

Domain Name: the address of the server hosting the page

Question 36

Anatomy - /wiki/

Answer 36

Path: specific location or directory on the server

Question 37

Anatomy - web_address

Answer 37

Resource: the specific webpage or document being accessed

Question 38

load balancing

Answer 38

distributing workload across multiple systems to avoid congestion and slow performance

Question 39

fault tolerance

Answer 39

ability of a system to continue operation even if a component fails

Question 40

iCANN

Answer 40

non-profit organization responsible for managing internet domain systems (internet corporations for assigning names and numbers)

Question 41

cybersquatting

Answer 41

aquiring a domain with the goal of exploiting for financial gain

Question 42

IP address

Answer 42

value used to identify a device that is connected to the internet

Question 43

Amadals Law

Answer 43

a systems speed is determined by its slowest component

Question 44

bandwidth

Answer 44

network trasnmission speeds, expressed in bits per second (bps)

Question 45

net neutrality

Answer 45

principle that all internet traffic should be treated equally

Question 46

kessler affect

Answer 46

affect where colliding space debris hits existing objects

Question 47

big data

Answer 47

massive amounts of data available to todays managers

Question 48

data

Answer 48

raw facts and figures

Question 49

information

Answer 49

data pressed into a context so it can answer a question and support decision-making

Question 50

knowledge

Answer 50

insight derived from experience and expertise

Question 51

data aggregators

Answer 51

firms that collect and resell data about consumers

Question 52

data warehouse

Answer 52

designed to support decision making in an organization

Question 53

data mart

Answer 53

focused on addressing concerns of a specific problem

Question 54

data lake

Answer 54

allows for the storage of data in big data

Question 55

data mining

Answer 55

using computers to identify hidden patterns, and build models from large datasets

Question 56

cell address

Answer 56

specific location of a cell (A1)

Question 57

cell range

Answer 57

group of cells (A1:A10)

Question 58

relative reference

Answer 58

=A1 + B1 becomes A2 + B2 when dragged down

Question 59

absolute reference

Answer 59

fixed cell address that does not changed when copied down (marked with $$ sign)

Question 60

Paste special

Answer 60

feature which allows you to paste specific parts of copied data

Question 61

COUNTIF

Answer 61

counts number of cells that meet a specific condiiton

Question 62

COUNTIFS

Answer 62

counts cells based on multiple criterea

Question 63

SUMIF

Answer 63

adds up values in a range that meets a specific condition

Question 64

SUMIFS

Answer 64

Adds values based on multiple criteria

Question 65

Vlookup

Answer 65

vertical lookup: searches for a vlaue in the first coloum of a range, and returns a value from the same row in another column

Question 66

Hlookup

Answer 66

horizontal lookup

Question 67

key areas where businesses are leveraging data mining

Answer 67

customer segmentation fraud detection predictive analysis customer churn market targetting

Question 68

risks with SaaS

Answer 68

data privacy downtime limited control customer limitations

Question 69

Differences developers consider when devloping an app over a website

Answer 69

platform user experience performance distribution