Final Exam Flashcards
(78 cards)
What is sharecropping?
The most common and exploitative forms of farm tenancy where individuals worked a parcel of land in exchange for a share of the crop, usually around ⅓ after deductions.
What was the significance of Plessy vs Ferguson?
Validated racial segregation in public facilities under the ‘separate-but-equal’ doctrine, which rarely produced equal facilities for African Americans.
What is the Great American Desert known as today?
The Great Plains, characterized by its treeless expanse of prairie grass and dunes.
Who was Chief Joseph?
A peaceful leader of the Nez Perce who led his people towards Canada in 1877 but was ultimately forced to surrender.
What are bonanza farms?
Farms of more than 1,000 acres, most common in the wheatlands of the northern plains.
Define trusts in the context of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
Large groups of businesses that worked together to control a market or industry, often monopolies that limited competition.
Who was Henry George?
An American political economist who wrote ‘Progress and Poverty’ and introduced the idea of a ‘single tax’ on land value.
What was the Great Upheaval?
A major railroad strike in 1877 in West Virginia, sparked by wage cuts, resulting in violent confrontations and numerous deaths.
Who was Samuel Gompers?
A labor leader and founder of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) known for his activism in labor rights.
What role did Andrew Carnegie play in American industry?
He helped build the American steel industry and was a major philanthropist after selling Carnegie Steel.
What characterized skyscrapers built between 1870-1900?
Iron-framed structures, passenger elevators, and glass facades.
What were political machines?
Organizations that served immigrants and helped win elections by mobilizing voters.
What was the Social Gospel Movement?
A religious movement aimed at addressing social issues such as poverty and child labor, based on biblical teachings.
What was the Comstock Law?
A federal law passed in 1873 that made it illegal to transport certain materials through the mail.
Who was Victoria Woodhull?
A women’s rights activist and the first woman to run for president of the United States.
Define populism.
A range of political stances emphasizing the common ‘people’ against a perceived ‘elite’.
What was the central issue in the Election of 1896?
The country’s money supply, focusing on the debate between the gold standard and free silver.
What is imperialism?
When a country extends its power and influence over other countries using military, economic, or diplomatic means.
What sparked the Spanish-American War?
The Cuban struggle for independence from Spanish rule.
What was the Open Door Policy?
A foreign policy promoting equal trade and investment in China.
What is progressivism?
A reform movement aimed at advancing the human condition through social reform based on social organization, science, and technology.
What was Prohibition?
The legal ban on the production, sale, and transportation of alcohol in the U.S. from 1920 to 1933.
Who was Robert LaFollette?
An American lawyer and politician who served as governor of Wisconsin and was a prominent political figure.
What did Theodore Roosevelt’s New Nationalism call for?
The end of special protections for businesses and prioritization of human welfare over property rights.
