Final Exam Flashcards
(16 cards)
Three views of the image of God
Functional View: What we do
Man’s God-given task is to rule over creation
Man in the image of God = man as God’s representative over creation
Substance View: What we are
Aquinas, Traditional and Modern Roman Catholic Views:
Image = intellect or reason, never lost in the Fall, man needs God’s grace restored
John Calvin:
Image = soul (man’s nature surpassing animals), after the Fall this nature was tainted but retained
Capacities or structures that make us human and able to perform the activities God made us to do
Relational View: How we relate
The image of God is not in our intellect, reason, capacities, or structures, but in the relationship between God and man (not lost in the Fall, just damaged)
What are the views concerning Humans as Substances vs. Property Things
Ontological Whole: every human organism is an ontological whole whose parts, properties, and capacities are related internally
Common Behavior: every human being exhibits behavior specific to the human species (rationality, language, etc)
Same Absolute Personal Identity: it is presupposed that persons have the same personal identity as they age, grow, and develop. Introspective self-awareness, reflection on one’s own life and being, etc.
Moral Responsibility: undergirds our criminal justice system, supports humans as substances that endure through change
Sheol vs. Hades vs. Gehenna
OT: Sheol = the grave
Place where the dead are separated from the living
Located beneath the earth, but the OT believer is delivered from Sheol and its power
Hades: NT counterpart to Sheol, intermediate state after death and before resurrection to the ultimate judgment
Gehenna: used 12 times in NT, refers to the valley of Ben Hinnom, where evil practices occurred
Christ’s active vs. passive obedience
Active Obedience: perfect obedience to the requirements of the Law and God’s will as our representative
Actively followed the will of God
Passive Obedience: His paying the penalty for our sins through His suffering and death
He allowed things to be done to Him
Soteriology views
Penal Substitution: legal replacement
Christus Victor View: Humans are in bondage to Satan, so Christ won our release from Satan
Moral Influence View: Humans are sick and need help, Christ’s death shows God’s love moves humans to soften and repent
Example View: Humans need moral inspiration
Limited and unlimited atonement
Limited Atonement: Christ died only for the elect’s sins
Unlimited Atonement: Christ died for all sins
Logidzomai definition
”to count, reckon, credit, added to an account”
Conversion definition
Our willing response to the gospel (general call) in repentance and faith in Christ for salvation.
Four aspects of conversion
Knowledge
Approval
Trust
Repentance
Sanctification definition
The progressive work of God and the Christian for us to be holy and like Christ.
Sanctification views
Progressive view: growth in holiness through spiritual disciplines
Perfectionism view: total surrender leads to a state of spiritual perfection (2nd work of grace is faith in the Holy Spirit)
Holiness Movement View: let go/let God leads to a victorious life, total surrender
Pentacostal/Charismatic view: baptism of the Holy Spirit, 2nd work of grace
Dispensational/Chafer view: natural man -> carnal man -> spiritual man
Origin of the Church
Dispensational view: arrival of the Holy Spirit
Sacraments vs Ordinances
Sacraments: Means of grace
Ordinances: Symbols of grace
Baptism views
Roman Catholic View: Saving Grace
Reformed/Presbyterian View: Sign/Seal of the Covenant
Baptist, etc. View: Symbol of Inward Change
Communion views
Transubstantiation–a transformation, Roman Catholic
Consubstantiation–a union, Lutheran
Reformed–a partaking in love, Calvinist
Memorial–a commemoration, Baptist, Pentecostal
Tribulation judgments are
Seals, trumpets, bowls
