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Dental Hygiene: TPDH II > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

CAMBRA stands for

A

Caries Management by Risk Assessment

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2
Q

CAMBRA assesses

A

caries disease indicators
risk factors
protective factors

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3
Q

Conventional model for cambra

A

“drill and fill”, removing and restoring affected tooth tissue, everyone has plaque

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4
Q

Medical/Minimally Invasive Dentistry (MID)

A

focuses on removing and restoring affected tissue but involves remineralization, infection rather than lesion

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5
Q

White spot lesion

A

early lesion, run blunt probe over surface to find, demineralization, most uptake of Fl is in demineralized area

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6
Q

Bacteria associated w/ later stage of caries

A

Lactobacillus

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7
Q

Benefits of saliva

A

Provides Ca and Phosphate minerals
Carries topical fluoride around mouth
Recycles ingested fluoride into mouth
Neutralizes the organic acids produced in biofilm
inhibits infection
Protect hard and soft tissues from drying out
Facilitates chewing, swallowing, clearance of food

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8
Q

Caries balance system

A

Involves interaction between the negative or pathologic factors(bacteria, carb intake, poor salivary flow, acid) the positive or protective factors (presence of minerals: fluoride, Ca, phosphorus), good oral hygiene, good salivary flow)

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9
Q

How long during remineralization for saliva pH to become neutral

A

30-60 minutes

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10
Q

which teeth ECC most likely affect

A

Facial and lingual of maxillary anterior teeth, primary molars (rampant caries)

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11
Q

Which area of the has the most uptake of fluoride

A

DEMINERALIZED AREAS

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12
Q

Which factors included in risk assessment for cambra

A

Cultural factors, familial and socio-economic issues, age and sex, orthodontics and removable partial appliances, tobacco use, periodontal therapy

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13
Q

How many time a day for use of fluoride dentifrices

A

2x daily

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14
Q

High risk

A

rx dentifrices w/ 5000 ppm Fl

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15
Q

No risk

A

OTC dentifrices w/ 1100-1500 ppm Fl

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16
Q

Low concentration

A

low potency, applied more frequently

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17
Q

High concentration

A

high potency, applied less frequently

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18
Q

Why attrition is a concern for research studies

A

withdrawal of participants in a study can wind up changing the representation for the group

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19
Q

Gold standard for research

A

Randomized Controlled Clinical Studies/Trials

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20
Q

Products regulated by the FDA

A

ultrasonics
infection control products (wipes)
diagnostic test kits
surgical/restorative materials
prescription drugs
OTC dentifrices: specific active ingredients only (for permissible levels)

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21
Q

Is ADA seal acceptance mandatory?

A

No; voluntary program that evaluates OTC dental products

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22
Q

Referred VS Non-referred

A

referred publications are peer reviewed by experts and board members who credentials assure validity

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23
Q

Double-blind

A

neither the participants nor researcher knows which treatment or intervention participants are receiving until the clinical trial is over; eliminates bias

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24
Q

Single-blind

A

type of clinical trial in which only the researcher doing the study knows which treatment or intervention the participant is receiving, until the clinical trial is over

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25
Longitudinal
employ continuous or repeated measures to follow particular individuals over prolonged periods of time (years or decades)
26
Cross-sectional
observational studies that analyze data from population at a single point in time
27
Main goals of sharpening
Restores cutter to a finer/sharp cutting edge removes minimal amount of metal maintains/preservation of original instrument design
28
Glare test, which edge reflects light?
Dull
29
Advantages of sharp instruments
Easier calc removal improved stroke control reduced number of strokes increase patient comfort and satisfaction reduced clinical fatigue
30
Ceramic stone (what we use in clinic)
may be used dry or wet
31
Terminal shank and face for sickle
perpendicular, parallel
32
Terminal shank and face for universal
perpendicular, parallel
33
Terminal shank and face for gracey
NOT perpendicular, parallel
34
Definition of dentinal hypersensitivity
short, sharp transient pain that occurs in response to a stimuli
35
Natural desensitizers
mineral deposition into dentin tubule deposition of secondary dentin smear layer (occludes tubules w/ minerals naturally occurring in mouth; salivary proteins, debris, other calcified matter)
36
Potassium salts (chloride, nitrate, citrate, oxalate)
nerve inactivator
37
Fluorides, Oxalate, Calcium Technology, Sodium nitrate, Strontium chloride
tubule obtundents (blockers)
38
Strontium chloride, silver nitrate, Formaldehyde, Glutaraldehyde
protein precipitants
39
How potassium nitrate works
nerve inactivation; reduces depolarization and transmission of nerve impulses
40
Agent you use first for desensitization
nerve inactivation (potassium nitrate) or an obtundent agent (fluoride)
41
CPP-ACP
binds to soft tissue, pellicle, and hydroxyapatite to release calcium and phosphate ions when challenged by an ACID ATTACK; assumed that ion released leads to a precipitate that plugs/occludes open dentinal tubules
42
TCP
protects calcium ions and frees phosphate ions so it interferes with the calcium, reaching the tooth prematurely and reacting with the fluoride; once tooth is exposed to saliva, all ions are released
43
ACP
theorized to plug dentinal tubules w/ calcium and phosphate precipitate
44
Xylitol
manage dry mouth symptoms, indirect protection by promoting remineralization to strengthen and protect enamel; inhibits growth of acid producing bacteria and stimulates saliva production
45
Baking soda
gentle abrasive, antibacterial agent that neutralizes acid; indirect protection by neutralizing acids and supporting remineralization, reduces acid erosion
46
Fluoride 5000 ppm
strengthens enamel, promotes remineralization, protecting against caries and sensitivity; blocks open dentinal tubules and can build long term desensitization by building protecting layer over dentin
47
Which teeth common exhibit dentinal hypersensitivity?
cervical 3rd on facial surface of premolars/molars, facial surface of mandibular anteriors
48
Recommendation of American Academy of Pediatrics for first visit of children to dentist
no later than 12 months of age
49
Dental hygienists approach to adolescent patient
straightforward approach- address directly, rapport and trusting, be careful of jurisdiction may allow (talk to parent/guardian)
50
Age of secretion for internal hormones (girls and boys)
Girls: 8 years old Boys: 12 years old
51
Considerations for pregnant patient
patient lies on left, either with or without blanket/pillow to elevate right hip
52
Oral characteristics of aging population
dry/cracked lips, angular cheilitis, thin mucosa, fissured or smooth tongue, xerostomia, changes in teeth and bone, prosthetic replacements
53
Polypharmacy
regular use of 5 or more medications at the same time
54
Benzocaine
Onset: 30 seconds-2 minutes Duration: 5-15 minutes Absorption: not readily absorbed into circulation Toxicity: potential is minimal; when used on non-keratinized tissue has fast absorption, so higher toxicity
55
Tetracaine
Onset: slow, within 20 minutes Duration: 20-60 minutes Absorption: most potent; readily absorbing causing deeper penetration and longer effect Toxicity: more potential for toxicity, not to be used on a large area
56
Lidocaine
Onset: 1-2 minutes Duration: 15 minutes Absorption: readily absorbed through mucous membranes Toxicity: unlikely from topical alone, can occur with addition of other amide anesthetics; greatest risk from sprays
57
MRD for Oraqix in 1 appointment
5 cartridges
58
Cetacaine
Duration: 30-60 minutes MRD: 0.4 ml (400mg) Ingredients: 14% benzocaine, 2% butamben, 2% tetracaine HCl Consistency: viscous liquid
59
Oraqix
Duration: about 20 minutes MRD: 5 cartridges Ingredients: 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine Consistency: liquid-to-gel
60
Oraqix and ultrasonic use
There is no indication that Oraqix should be used with ultrasonic instruments during scaling and root planing, it only numbs the soft tissue

Dental Hygiene: TPDH II (8 decks)

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