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NTN 230 Intro to Nutrition > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

What is the main role of B vitamins in the body

A

Functions as co-enzymes

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2
Q

What is a key function of antioxidant vitamins

A

Neutralize free radicals

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3
Q

What defines a healthy weight

A

Does not increase risk for disease

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4
Q

Which hormone increases hunger

A

Greline

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5
Q

Which group is most at health risk from listeriosis

A

Pregnant women

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6
Q

Which vitamin helps with calcium absorption for bone growth in children

A

Vitamin D

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7
Q

What is a food jag

A

Refuse all foods except a handful of specific foods

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8
Q

What does FITT stand for

A

Frequency intensity time and type

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9
Q

What food safety practice is especially important when handling raw meat

A

Preventing cross-contamination (changing cutting boards and cleaning hands and surfaces)

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10
Q

What nutrient should women after age of 50 increase for bone health

A

Calcium

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11
Q

Which organ is responsible for regulating fluid balance and regulating waste

A

Kidneys

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12
Q

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between heme and non-heme iron

A

Heme is found in animal products and is more readily absorbed by the body
-Non-heme is only found in plants

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13
Q

What is the primary goal of My Plate

A

Visual of a balance meal

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14
Q

What is the primary source of sodium in the American deit?

A

Processed foods

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15
Q

A deficiency in niacin can result in which condition of the four Ds

A

Pellagra

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16
Q

Which of the following includes four key steps for food safety recommended by the USDA

A

Heat cook chill clean

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17
Q

What is the primary purpose of keeping a food intake record

A

To monitor dietary habits and identify nutrient gaps

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18
Q

Colostrum is

A

Early milk rich in antibodies

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19
Q

What is the danger zone for foods for bacterial growth

A

40-140

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20
Q

What is the primary use of protein in exercise

A

Build muscle and muscle repair

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21
Q

What is hyperkalemia

A

High potassium in the blood

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22
Q

Which vitamin is most critical to consume before and during pregnancy to prevent birth defects

A

Folic acid

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23
Q

Which of the following is not a commonly used food preservation method

A

Fermentation

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24
Q

What is pika

A

Condition in which one craves nonfood substances

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25
Which nutrient is commonly deficiency in alcohol use
Thiamin
26
What is a role of fluoride in the body
Helps protect against dental carriers and protect enamel
27
Which mineral helps the thyroid produce essential hormones
Iodine
28
What nutrient requires intrinsic factor for absorption
B12
29
Which of the following statements about vitamins are true (these things are true)
small amounts Essential Organic
30
What is the fat-soluble vitamins
ADEK
31
Which condition results in a long-term deficiency of vitamin A
Xerophthalmia
32
What is acetaldehyde
A toxic byproduct of alcohol metabolism
33
What is one effect of alcohol on the brain
Slow reaction time and impaired behavior
34
When should fluids be consumed for optimal hydration in fitness
Before, during, and after
35
During low intensity exercise the body primarily uses
Fat
36
What is the role of nitrates in processed meats
Prevent spoilage
37
What condition refers to poor weight gain or slow physical growth in infants
Failure to thrive
38
What is the role of lactoferrin in breast milk
Helps infants protect against bacteria and viruses
39
What is the main function of selenium in the body
Antioxidant
40
Which vitamin is required for the synthesis of osteocalcin (a bone protein that binds calcium)
Vitamin K
41
Which of the following is a characteristic of a fat-soluble vitamin
Can be stored in the body
42
Which trace mineral is essential for oxygen transport in the blood
Iron
43
Which mineral is a component in stomach acid
Chloride
44
Which enzyme begins alcohol metabolism in the stomach
Alcohol dehydrogenase
45
What liver disease is associated with excessive alcohol intake
Cirrhosis
46
What is the safest amount of alcohol to drink during pregnancy
None
47
Which disorder is linked to prenatal alcohol use
Fetal alcohol syndrome
48
Which government tool that tracks food safety from farm to table
HACCP
49
What contributes the most to your total daily food needs
Basal metabolic rate
50
Central obesity increases the risk of all the following except
Improved metabolism
51
In the third trimester how many extra calories should pregnant women consume
450
52
Which hormone is responsible for milk production in breastfeeding
Prolactin
53
Which mineral is involved in DNA synthesis and wound healing
Zinc
54
What is the main limitation of BMI
It does not measure body fat percentage
55
Which condition results in vitamin C deficiency
Scurvy
56
What is hyponatremia
Low sodium levels in the body
57
What condition can result from long term calcium deficiency
Osteoporosis
58
Which of the following is a sign of dehydration
Thirst and color of your pee is darker
59
Which vitamin helps your body absorb iron from foods
Vitamin C
60
Which of the following is considered obese
25-40 pounds over healthy weight
61
Which of the following is not safe to give an infant
Honey
62
At what age is it generally safe to start introducing solid foods to babies
6 months
63
Which nutrient is especially important for brain and retinal development for pregnancy and infancy
DHA Omega-3
64
What is gestational diabetes
Diabetes you get during pregnancy
65
What is a good food source for heme iron
Chicken
66
Which vitamin deficiency is linked to neural tubes defects in infants
Folate
67
Which vitamin plays a key role in blood clotting
Vitamin K
68
What is the primary function of choline in pregnancy
Brain development and cell division
69
What are carcinogens
Cancer causing compounds
70
As people age which of the following declines (fewer calories but more nutrients to maintain weight)
Metabolic rate
71
Which vitamin can be synthesized in the skin with the help of sunlight
Vitamin D
72
Which of the following can impair calcium absorption
Oxalates (spinach and green leafy vegetables)
73
What is the process that creates alcohol from yeast and sugar
Fermentation
74
What percentage of Americans are obese
40%
75
Which of the following is a risk associated with being underweight
Osteoporosis
76
What is the most abundant mineral in the human body
Calcium
77
Which vitamin or mineral deficiency is most likely to affect female athletes
Iron
78
What does FDA require on all irradiated foods
Radura
79
Why are older adults at greater risk of becoming dehydrated
Thirst mechanism declines with age
80
Which vitamins absorption is reduced in older adults due to decreased stomach acid
B12
81
What syndrome is linked to chronic thiamine deficiency due to chronic alcoholism
Wernicke Korsakoff (WK syndrome)
82
What are congeners in alcoholic beverages
Contribute to hangovers
83
Which cooking method best preserves vitamin content in vegetables
Steaming or microwaving
84
What does bioavailability refer to in nutrition
The degree to which the nutrient is absorbed and used in the body
85
What is hypervitaminosis
A toxic condition of over consumption of vitamins
86
What does the term coenzyme refer to
Compound that helps enzymes functions
87
What is an electrolyte
A mineral that helps maintain fluid balance and nerve functions
88
What are free radical
Unstable molecules that can damage cells
89
Which mineral is often recommended as a supplement during pregnancy due to increased blood volume and fetal needs
Iron
90
What is the function of placenta during pregnancy
To transfer nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and remove waste
91
Which condition is defined as high blood pressure and protein in the urine during pregnancy
Preeclampsia
92
What is sarcopenia in older adults
Age related muscle loss
93
What does food insecurity mean
Limited or uncertain access to nutritious and safe foods
94
A deficiency of what vitamin and can lead to night blindness and Xerophthalmia
Vitamin A
95
What are common symptoms of iron deficiency in anemia
Fatigue and weakness
96
What is a condition of porous fragile bones
Osteoporosis
97
Overconsumption of which vitamin can cause flushing and liver toxicity
B6

NTN 230 Intro to Nutrition (2 decks)

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