Final Exam Flashcards
(100 cards)
1
Q
example of macronutrient
A
protein
2
Q
nutrient provides most energy
A
fats
3
Q
nutrient density refers to what
A
provides more nutrient relative to kilocalories
4
Q
ranking foods according to overall nutrition is called what
A
nutrient profiling
5
Q
separates colon from small intestine
A
illialcycle valve
6
Q
prevents reflex of stomach content
A
lower esophageal sphincter
7
Q
function of hydrochloric acid in stomach
A
creates optimal acidity
8
Q
function of gallbladder
A
store bile
9
Q
characteristic that best describes enrichment of grain
A
has all nutrients listed on label
10
Q
mineral added to refined flour
A
iron
11
Q
primary storage of carbohydrates in body
A
glycogen
12
Q
gluconeogenisis is synthesis of what
A
glucose coming from noncarbohydrate sources
13
Q
composition of maltose
A
two glucose units
14
Q
sweetener should be avoided by people with PKU
A
aspertain
15
Q
glycemic index of food
A
way of ranking foods according to potential to raise blood glucose
16
Q
AMDR for fat
A
20-35%
17
Q
lipids liquid at room temperature
A
oils
18
Q
bile is to assist absorption of what
A
fat
19
Q
2 amino acids joined together
A
dipeptide
20
Q
example of quartenary protein structure
A
hemoglobin
21
Q
genetic variation of amino acid hemoglobin causes what
A
sickle cell anemia
22
Q
function of buffer
A
maintain constant pH
23
Q
coenzyme
A
organic molecule required for function of enzyme
24
Q
organ that is site of gluconeogenisis
A
liver
25
vitamin a supplements help prevent
night blindness
26
most indispensable nutrient
water
27
major intracellular cation
potassium
28
hyponitremia refers to low blood levels of what
sodium
29
99% calcium used for what
providing rigidity for bones and teeth
30
weight related to height
body mass index
31
which has highest metabolic rate
younger individuals
32
feature of basal metabolic rate
pregnancy increases rate
33
food supplies only empty calories
grape jelly
34
person making food choice based on negative association
elderly gentleman refuses peanut butter jelly sandwich bc he considers it child food
35
results from metabolism of energy nutrients
energy released
36
effect of exercise on heart/lung
cardiorespiratory conditioning
37
substance increases in muscles after intense exercise
lactate
38
effect of exercise on protein metabolism
protein synthesis inhibited during exercise
39
nutrient depletes most rapidly during exercise
water
40
characteristic typical of chronic disease
progresses slowly
41
risk factor for chronic disease that can be modified by diet
low HDL level
42
accumulation of lipid material mixed w/ smooth muscle and calcium that develops in arterial walls
plaques
43
sodium and salt in high blood pressure
weight loss often more effective than sodium restriction in lowering blood pressure
44
type 1 diabetes- complication with exercise
hypoglycemia
45
tumor that produces cells leading to cancer
metastasis
46
organism that produces most common food toxin
staphylococcus aureus
47
example of food intoxication
illness produced from consumption of foods contaminated with natural toxins
48
characteristic of botulism
full recovery may take years
49
hamburger should be cooked to what internal temperature
160* F
50
term used to describe highest level of pesticides
tolerance level
51
gestation divided into equal periods of what
3 months- trimesters
52
irreversible permanent damage to fetus due to malnutrition
critical period
53
born with incomplete closure of spinal cord
spinabifida
54
reliable indicator of future health
birth weight
55
recommended weight gain in lbs (women)
25-35lbs
56
first sign of preeclampsia
large weight gain over period of time
57
recommendation to treat pregnancy heart burn
many small meals
58
standard classification of low birth weight
fewer than ten births
59
gestational diabetes
abnormal blood glucose during pregnancy
60
following recommendation for alcohol during pregnancy
no alcohol
61
why might a lactating woman take an iron supplement
replace iron stores lost during pregnancy
62
effect of consuming alcohol during breastfeeding
alters flavor of milk
63
following activities permitted for pregnant women
water aerobics
64
feature of hypertension in pregnancy
chronic hypertension increases chance of stillbirth
65
chief protein in human milk
alpha lactalbumin
66
cereal most likely to cause allergic reaction
wheat
67
good age to start inducing solid foods
5 months
68
why should new food be introduced to infant one at a time
determine allergic reactions
69
honey/corn syrup increase risk of what
botulism
70
most common nutrient deficiency in children
iron
71
characteristic of lead exposure
absorption of lead higher on empty stomach
72
characteristic of food allergy
always involves use of antibodies
73
food more likely to cause anaphalaxic shock
eggs, peanuts, milk
74
approximate % of children overweight
32%
75
leading cause of high blood pressure in children
obesity
76
if child is reluctant to try new food do what
quietly remove/present at another time
77
fraction of teen energy from snacks
1/4
78
older adults engage in strength training for how many reps
10-15reps
79
sarcopenia
loss of muscle mass/strength
80
research on Vitamin D on elderly
skin capacity to synthesize vitamin is reduced
81
organ effected by macular degeneration
eyes
82
true of food assistance programs for older Americans
no income limits for eligibility
83
limited/doubtful availability of foods
insecurity
84
primary cause of hunger
poverty
85
true about relationship between poverty and hunger
hunger and obesity may exist in the same household
86
largest federal food assistance program
supplemental food assistance program/SNAP
87
food desert
limited access to food
88
feature of world poverty
poorest of poor typically female
89
leads to irreversible intellectual disability
iodine deficiency
90
how many children die each year due to malnutrition
7.6 million
91
acute malnutrition characterized by what
low weight for height
92
chronic malnutrition characterized by what
short height for age
93
expect to see in someone with kwashiorkor
edema
94
characteristic of marasmus
inability to tolerate cold
95
type of food used to rehabilitate malnourished child
RUTF ready to use therapeutic food
96
aquaculture
practice of fish farming
97
describes agricultural practice used to limit use of energy and chemicals
sustainable agriculture
98
how much more grain used by livestock
ten times as much
99
cholustrum
milk like substance secreted after delivery
100
bifidus factor in human milk
bacterial growth
